Villa Lehmann (Hall)
The Villa Lehmann , also called Lehmannsche Villa , is considered to be the most elaborate villa of historicism in Halle (Saale) and was built in the neo-renaissance style from 1890 to 1892 for the banker Heinrich Franz Lehmann (II.) According to plans by the architects Reinhold Knoch and Friedrich Kallmeyer. The villa is listed in the monument register of the city of Halle under registration number 094 96744.
location
The villa on the property at Burgstrasse 46, which towers over the Saale like a castle, stands on a porphyry rock between Saale and Burgstrasse, the so-called "Lehmannsfelsen", not far from where the Mühlgraben joins the Saale. At the time of construction, the area belonged to the still independent community of Giebichenstein north of the city of Halle.
Building history
The land was bought in 1818 by the poet and writer August Gottlob Eberhard , who had a one- story, classicist country house built here, today's house at Burgstrasse 47. In 1835, Eberhard moved to Hamburg and sold the property to the Lehmann banking family.
Heinrich Franz Lehmann , the founder of the Lehmann bank, came to Halle in 1780 as an employee of the Heusinger trading house and within a few years acquired a considerable fortune. In 1834 his son Ludwig took over the bank. Ludwig Lehmann , who had the prestigious new building of the Lehmann bank (Große Steinstrasse 19) built in 1867, initially lived in the classicist country house he had converted and expanded. Between 1843 and 1855 he acquired further adjacent properties with a total of over 12 hectares , so that he owned the entire area between Burgstraße, Felsenstraße, Rainstraße and Saaleufer. Here he had a landscape park built with statues, fountains, observation tower and game reserve.
As this soon no longer met the family's demands, his son Heinrich Franz Lehmann (II.), Born in 1847, who brought the banking house to its last great boom and also made a name for himself with numerous foundations in Halle, left the Halle architecture office Knoch und Kallmeyer plan a complex new building.
On October 9, 1890, the building application was submitted, which was approved shortly afterwards. The building was completed within a year. The enclosure was completed in June 1892 . During the revolutionary unrest in 1919, unknown perpetrators blew up parts of the hall terrace on the west side of the house. Despite minor alterations inside the villa over the years, the external appearance has remained almost unchanged to this day.
Architecture and equipment
The two-and-a-half-storey, castle-like building - a building made of brick and stone masonry free-standing on all sides - was designed in the style of the Italian High Renaissance with Baroque and Rococo elements.
The design language of the Italian Renaissance, which was based on symmetry, could not be implemented here, as the floor plan, which is irregular due to projections and recesses, does not allow this. The result is unbalanced axis formation on the exterior. The villa, consisting of two basement floors, ground floor and first floor, has the dimensions of a castle or a palace, but the proportions of a country house.
The south-western corner is taken up by a towering tower as a landscape- defining Belvedere , which reinforces the castle character of the villa.
Nevertheless, the exterior as well as the interior design is impressive. Via the main portal, an elongated vestibule leads to the central stair hall with an oval ceiling opening on the upper floor. Around the hall, the extent of which is reminiscent of baroque castles, the salon, ladies', gentlemen's and social rooms as well as the library are grouped . The bedrooms and living rooms as well as servants' and guest rooms are located on the upper floor. The opulent interior - in contrast to the exterior - took the baroque and rococo as models. Particular display of magnificence was concentrated on the parade stairs and the ballroom. Here spread Corinthian columns , red marble, Stuckornamentik on pilasters , ceiling cornice and ceiling in rococo shapes stately splendor.
The villa was heated - with the exception of the upper basement, where the caretaker's apartment, servants' room, laundry room and storage rooms were housed - by metal stoves connected to central heating , the boiler systems of which were located in the lower basement. The toilets had flushed water and drains to a collective sewage treatment plant below the rock. An elevator was installed in 1910.
A head gardener, several gardeners, gardeners and gardeners were responsible for the extensive garden belonging to the villa - Lehmann only had to hand over the promenade to the city after a legal dispute.
Further development
In 1925, after the death of Heinrich Franz Lehmann (II), his son Hans Alexander took over the banking business and the property. After the banker's bankruptcy during the Great Depression, he sold the villa with the entire property to the city of Halle in 1931. Heinrich Franz Lehmann's second wife and widow, Elisabeth Lehmann, lived on the upper floor until 1935. After they moved out, the villa was transferred to the Halle Hitler Youth for free use as an administration building .
In 1945 Lehmann's garden was made accessible to the people of Halle. From 1947 until its dissolution in 1955, the State University for Theater and Music Halle had its headquarters here. After that, the villa was used by various university institutions, including the Institute for Music Education.
The villa has been unused since 2002. In 2006 a businessman from Frankfurt am Main bought the villa from the state of Saxony-Anhalt. However, its future use is still unclear. However, since 2006, individual conservation and repair measures suitable for listed buildings have been applied for and approved by the city, such as various maintenance work and security measures on the roof, on the roof drainage and in parts of the interior of the building.
In January 2017 the Villa Lehmann was entered in the “Red List” of threatened architectural monuments of the city of Halle.
Others
The representative property was popularly known by the nickname "Hungerburg". The name referred to the city-famous greed of Lehmann's wife, who kept her employees very tight.
When Kaiser Wilhelm II visited the city of Halle in 1903, Prince Friedrich Leopold of Prussia stayed at Villa Lehmann.
literature
- Nadine Ludwig: Villa Lehmann. In: Dieter Dolgner (Ed.): Historic villas in the city of Halle / Saale. Friends of the architectural and art monuments Saxony-Anhalt eV, Halle (Saale) 1998, ISBN 3-931919-04-8 , pp. 51–60.
- Holger Brülls, Thomas Dietzsch: Architectural Guide Halle on the Saale. Dietrich Reimer Verlag, Berlin 2000, ISBN 3-496-01202-1 , p. 123.
- Hendrik Leonhardt: Hall. (= Country houses and villas in Saxony-Anhalt , Volume 1.) Aschenbeck Verlag, Bremen 2009, ISBN 978-3939401766 , pp. 39–40.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ State Office for the Preservation of Monuments in Saxony-Anhalt (ed.): List of monuments in Saxony-Anhalt / City of Halle. Fly Head Publishing, Halle 1996, ISBN 3-910147-62-3 , page 91.
- ^ Hendrik Leonhardt: Hall. (= Country houses and villas in Saxony-Anhalt , Volume 1.) Aschenbeck Verlag, Bremen 2009, page 40.
- ↑ a b Mitteldeutsche Zeitung of June 29, 2015: Halle's magnificent villa in Burgstrasse
- ↑ Dubisthalle.de from January 26, 2017: Red list of architectural monuments in Halle updated
Coordinates: 51 ° 29 ′ 48.8 " N , 11 ° 57 ′ 19.2" E