Virginia Henderson

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Virginia Avernal Henderson (born November 30, 1897 in Kansas City , Missouri , † March 19, 1996 Brandford , Connecticut ) was an American nurse , nursing theorist and well-known author of nursing textbooks.

In 1918, she began nursing training at the Army School of Nursing in Washington, DC , where she graduated in 1921.

In 1924 she got her first job as a trainer. Henderson then completed a “ Bachelor of Science ” and a “ Master of Arts ” in nursing education . In 1934 she became a faculty member in the Nursing Faculty of Teachers College, Columbia University . In 1953 she moved to Yale University , School of Nursing for a research project that was to analyze the state of nursing research in the USA . After completing this work, Henderson was commissioned to lead the Nursing Studies Index Project (1959 to 1971). The result was the publication of the four-volume index . Henderson was then an Emerita of Yale University . At the age of 75, she started again with a new professional career as an internationally active teacher and lecturer.

In 1979 the Connecticut Nurses Association established an award for outstanding nursing science named after it . Henderson was the first to receive this award. She received twelve honorary doctorates and the Christiane Reimann Prize from the International Council of Nurses (ICN) .

Model of the 14 basic needs

Henderson's care model considers the human being as a whole and, analogous to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, develops 14 basic human needs. The task of care is to provide support to people where they need it in order to meet a particular need. The focus is on the independence of the individual, it is the task of care to support people in their best possible achievement.

Works

  • Bertha Harmer, Virginia Henderson: Textbook of the Principles and Practice of Nursing. Macmillan Comp, New York 1922. (4th edition. 1943)
  • Bertha Harmer, Virginia Henderson: Textbook of the Principles and Practice of Nursing. 4th edition. Macmillan, New York 1939. (5th edition. Macmillan, New York 1955) (different editions)
  • Virginia Henderson: Nursing Studies Index, 1900–1959: An annotated guide to reported studies, research in progress, research methods and historical materials in periodicals, books, and pamphlets published in English. Edited by Virginia Henderson associates and associates at Yale. Lippincott, Philadelphia 1963, 1966, 1970, 1972. (Reprint: Garland, 1984, ISBN 0-8240-6515-8 )
  • Virginia Henderson: Principles of Nursing. World Association of Nurses. 1963. (3rd edition. ICN et al., Geneva 1977)
  • Virginia Henderson: Basic Principles of Nursing Care. For the International Council of Nurses (ICN), publication available in 27 languages
  • Virginia Henderson: The nature of nursing. Macmillan, New York 1966.
  • Virginia Henderson: The nature of nursing. A definition and its implications for practice, research, and education. Reflections after 25 years. National League for Nursing Press, New York 1991, ISBN 0-88737-494-8 .
  • Virginia Henderson: The Nature of Care. In: Doris Schaeffer, Hilde Steppe: Nursing Theories - Examples from the USA. Huber, Bern 1997, ISBN 3-456-82744-X , pp. 39-54.
  • LW Simmons, Virginia Henderson: Nursing research: a survey and assessment. Appleton, New York 1964.

literature

  • Peggy Chinn, Maeona Kramer: Nursing Theory . Concepts - context - criticism. Ullstein Mosby, Berlin 1996, ISBN 3-86126-555-9 .
  • VJ Halamandaris: A tribute to Virginia Henderson, the first lady of nursing. In: Caring. 7, No. 10, Oct 1988, pp. 56-63, 65.
  • Edward Halloran (Ed.): A Virginia Henderson Reader. Springer, New York 1995, ISBN 0-8261-8830-3 .
  • C. Hudgings: The Virginia Henderson International Nursing Library: Improving access to nursing research databases. In: JM Arnold, GA Pearson (Ed.): Computer applications in nursing education and practice. National League for Nursing Press, New York 1992, ISBN 0-88737-522-7 , pp. 3-8.
  • Marit Kirkevold: Nursing Theories . Urban & Schwarzenberg, Munich / Vienna / Baltimore 1997, ISBN 3-541-18891-X .
  • Afaf Ibrahim Meleis : Nursing Theory. Subject, development and perspectives of theoretical thinking in nursing. Huber, Bern / Göttingen / Toronto / Seattle 1999, ISBN 3-456-82964-7 .
  • Hilde Steppe : Care models in practice, 2nd episode: Virginia Henderson. In: The sister, the nurse . 1990, pp. 584-588.
  • Robert M. Jr. Thomas: Virginia Henderson, 98, Teacher of nurses, Dies. In: New York Times. Obituaries. March 22, 1996, p. D20.

Individual evidence


Web links

See also

personal data
SURNAME Henderson, Virginia
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Henderson, Virginia Avernal
BRIEF DESCRIPTION American nursing scientist
DATE OF BIRTH November 30, 1897
PLACE OF BIRTH Kansas City , Missouri
DATE OF DEATH March 19, 1996