Desert truffles
| Desert truffles | ||||||||||||
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Elegant desert truffles ( Terfezia arenaria ) |
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Terfezia | ||||||||||||
| ( Tul. & C. Tul. ) Tul. & C. Tul. |
The desert truffles ( Terfezia ) form a genus in the family of the beaker relatives .
features
The desert truffles are subterranean (hypgaeic) fungi that die mycorrhiza with rockrose plants , especially sun rose , and are therefore always to be found in their immediate vicinity. Similar to real truffles, they form bulbous fruit bodies . Terfezia species have inamyloid asci and rough spores in contrast to their sister genus Tirmania with smooth spores and amyloid asci.
distribution
Desert truffles are found mainly in semi-arid and arid areas from the Kalahari , North Africa , Spain , Iraq and Saudi Arabia to Hungary , the Balkans and China . Egon Horak describes a Terfezia species from the Alps with the Alpine sun rose as mycorrhizal partner.
In many areas such as Saudi Arabia, North Africa and southern Spain they are highly valued as edible mushrooms .
Systematics
For a time Terfezia was part of a family of its own (Terfeziaeceae) together with Pachyphloeus and Cazia . However, it turned out that they form a monophyletic clade within the Pezizaceae. Also Tirmania closely with Terfezia related and therefore also one of the Pezizaceae.
Terfezia forms a well-secured monophyletic unit. The genus comprises 12 species, of which 7 species occur in Europe or are to be expected there:
| Desert truffles ( Terfezia ) in Europe | ||
|---|---|---|
| German name | Scientific name | Author quote |
| Layered desert truffles | Terfezia alsheikhii | Kovács et al. 2011 |
| Elegant desert truffles | Terfezia arenaria | (Moris 1829) Bustard 1971 |
| Boudier's desert truffle | Terfezia boudieri | Chatin 1892 |
| Reticulated desert truffles | Terfezia canariensis | Bordallo & Ant. Rodríguez in Bordallo et al. 2012 |
| Brown desert truffles | Terfezia claveryi | Chatin 1892 |
| Potato smell desert truffle | Terfezia leptoderma | (Tulasne & C. Tulasne 1845) Tulasne & C. Tulasne 1851 |
| Small fruited desert truffles | Terfezia olbiensis | (Tulasne & C. Tulasne 1844) Tulasne & C. Tulasne 1851 |
Individual evidence
- ^ A b Jesús Díez, José Luis Manjón, Francis Martin: Molecular phylogeny of the mycorrhizal desert truffles (Terfezia and Tirmania), host specificity and edaphic tolerance . In: Mycologia . tape 94 , no. 2 , 2002, p. 247-259 ( cybertruffle.org.uk ).
- ^ MA Morte, A. Cano, M. Honrubia, P. Torres: In vitro mycorrhization of micropropagated Helianthemum almeriense plantlets with Terfezia claveryi (desert truffle) . In: Agricultural Science in Finland . tape 3 , 1994, p. 309-314 .
- ↑ R. Percudani, A. Trevisi, A. Zambonelli, p Ottonello: Molecular Phylogeny of Truffles (Pezizales: terfeziaceae, Tuberaceae) Derived from Nuclear rDNA Sequence Analysis . In: Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution . tape 13 , no. 1 , 1999, p. 169-180 , doi : 10.1006 / mpev.1999.0638 .
- ^ JE Norman, KN Egger: Molecular phylogeny analysis of Peziza and related genera . In: Mycologia . tape 91 , no. 5 , 1999, p. 820-829 , JSTOR : 3761535 (abstract).
- ↑ Eric Strittmatter: The genus Terfezia. (No longer available online.) In: Fungiworld.com. Mushroom Taxa Database. Archived from the original on January 6, 2014 ; accessed on January 9, 2014 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
