Haubold & Richter waffle factory

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The former waffle factory Haubold & Richter was a manufacturer of waffles , gingerbread and rusks in Radebeul . The company, which was founded in 1907, was “ Aryanized ” in 1939 , left behind “ownerless” in 1945, expropriated in 1946 and made public property, reprivatised in 1990, taken over by Bahlsen shortly afterwards and closed in 1992/1993.

Kolbestrasse 2/4 in 2008

history

Years of construction

The Haubold & Richter waffle factory was founded in 1907 at Radebeuler Fabrikstrasse 2 (later renamed Kolbestrasse 2/4). In May 1909 the company was converted into a GmbH by means of a partnership agreement. The previous owner Auguste Klara Richter sold her shares in 1910 to the co-partner William Abraham. In June 1910, the Radebeul merchant Wilhelm Sondhelm (1882–1952) took part in the company as managing partner . In 1917 Abraham withdrew from the company, Sondhelm took over his shares and a year later his brother Albert Sondhelm took a minority stake, from 1924 with a third of the shares. Albert Sondhelm also became co-managing director. Further members of the management were the businessmen Arthur Berger and Theodor Wertheimer as authorized signatory .

The company for the production of fine baked goods sold them under the brand names "Kornblume", "Victoria" and "Nordland". Before the First World War, the company had 60 employees; in 1928 there were around 100. The baking equipment was supplied by the local machine factory Göhring & Hebenstreit , which tested new developments in this partner company from the very beginning up until the GDR era.

"Aryanization"

Just a few weeks after the National Socialist seizure of power, a commercial agent working for the company, the Dresden NSDAP member Friedrich (Fritz) Karl Riesch, pressed the Jewish-born shareholders in vain to let him manage the company. Due to his contacts with the Saxon Reich Governor and NSDAP Gauleiter Martin Mutschmann , Riesch was entered in the commercial register as an authorized signatory on May 6, 1933 "without legal basis".

Wilhelm Sondhelm, who lived in the Villa Gotthold Schilling , resigned his power of representation on the same day and emigrated to Amsterdam a short time later with his wife and two daughters . His brother Albert Sondhelm, who lives at today's Karl-Marx-Straße 1 , resigned from his management position in August 1933. Theodor Wertheimer's power of attorney as authorized signatory has been deleted from the commercial register. The previous management board member Arthur Berger and Rudolf Birkner from Radebeul became managing directors, the latter at the address of the factory Kolbestraße 2/4.

The authorized signatory Friedrich Karl Riesch became the standard leader of the National Socialist Motor Corps (NSKK) in the 1930s . He “cleaned up the company” in the spirit of his party, mostly wore his NSKK uniform and received the Gau diploma for exemplary management of the company .

In 1938 Albert Sondhelm and his wife Hilda managed to emigrate to Haifa in Palestine . Later, like his brother, they emigrated from there to the USA.

Following the ordinance on the elimination of Jews from German economic life of November 12, 1938 and the ordinance on the use of Jewish assets of December 3, 1938, the Radebeul District Court issued an initial resolution to change Riesch's power of representation, which resulted in the two managing directors In a letter dated January 11, 1939, Berger and Birkner asked for a postponement until the takeover agreement was concluded and approved. In May 1939 the businessman Walter Schlossarek was appointed trustee by the administrative district of Dresden-Bautzen with the task of selling or winding up the Haubold & Richter waffle factory . In October Riesch, who had meanwhile advanced to managing director, took over the shares of the two sole shareholders, Sondhelm, from the trustee for 80,000 Reichsmarks, at a third of the value in order to become the sole owner. The money went to a Sperrmark account at a foreign exchange bank, which the Sondhelm brothers had no access to. Riesch only had to pay 7,000 Reichsmarks of the "Aryanization profit" to the state. From Riesch's point of view, the " Aryanization " of the company was completed.

In December 1939, Wilhelm Sondhelm notarized general power of attorney in Amsterdam to his brother Albert, who was in Haifa. In 1940 he managed to travel to the USA in time for the German troops to march into the Netherlands. As a result of the Eleventh Ordinance to the Reich Citizenship Act of November 25, 1941, both brothers and their families, as German Jews living abroad, lost their German citizenship at the end of 1941, and their assets in the foreign exchange bank's blocked mark account fell to the German Reich .

nationalization

After Riesch left the company “ownerless” in May 1945, it was expropriated after the referendum of June 30, 1946 and continued as VEB Waffelfabrik Radebeul . Initially 15 employees produced dry wafer blanks by hand in the first two years. From 1948 these were filled with apple pulp, meringue, poppy seeds and sugar until, from 1950, the filled waffles with "fat cream filling", packed by hand, could be delivered.

In 1955, 153 employees worked in the company, which again manufactured 46 (or 71) different products. After the incorporation of the Weißflog long-life bakery goods factory in 1959 and later another factory near the Radebeul-West cemetery, around 300 employees produced 2,100 tons of waffles per year, 30% of which were exported, and 165 tons of small wheat baked goods .

The VEB Waffelfabrik Radebeul was the early 1960s, the district-leading company of the group of products Dauerbackwaren and state partner of from as only semi-private enterprises Max Gerhardt and Wilsdruffer Waffelfabrik . In 1964 it was separated from the local industry, and when it was placed under the District Economic Council , it was assigned to the state-owned Combine Dauerbackwaren Dresden .

From 1970 the pure waffle bakery was concentrated in the former operation of the Hörmann brothers, the Hörmann waffle factory from Dresden- Mickten , which was one of the largest manufacturers in the industry in Germany in 1910, where baking machines and packaging machines have made work easier again. In 1972 there was another wave of nationalization, as a result of which the Radebeul waffle factory consisted of five operating parts between Dresden and Wilsdruff .

In the course of the specialization of the operations, the Radebeul wafer factory only manufactured 21 different products in two-shift or three-shift operation in 1975, especially the refined products such as the “Radebeul sticks” (waffle sticks with a sweet filling), chocolate waffles, meringue slices and wafer wafers. Despite fixed prices for the sales outlets of the HO , for example 10 pfennigs for the loose meringue waffles, these products developed into so-called bulky goods , as the majority were exported.

The combined long-life baked goods Dresden became a member of the 1980 founded Combine Food and Coffee Halle / Saale (NAKA).

Processing and succession

The parent company of the Radebeul waffle factory in Radebeul was separated from the combine in 1990, re- privatized as Dauerbackwaren GmbH and taken over by Bahlsen . In 1992/93 Bahlsen shut down the East German company.

The other operations were also spun off and closed, only the production facility in Wilsdruff was taken over in 1990 by the Otto Beier waffle factory from Miltach in the Bavarian Forest and in 2007, with 20 employees, it produced the foam wafers, which are particularly popular in northern Germany. In 2013 , 130 people were employed in the Wilsdruff branch, Otto Beier Waffelfabrik Wilsdruff GmbH in the listed Freiberger Straße 43 ( 51 ° 2 ′ 46 ″  N , 13 ° 32 ′ 20 ″  E ) diagonally across from the Wilsdruff train station .

literature

  • Frank Andert (Red.): Radebeul City Lexicon . Historical manual for the Loessnitz . Published by the Radebeul City Archives. 2nd, slightly changed edition. City archive, Radebeul 2006, ISBN 3-938460-05-9 .
  • Ingrid Lewek; Wolfgang Tarnowski: Jews in Radebeul 1933–1945 . Extended and revised edition. Major district town of Radebeul / City Archives, Radebeul 2008, ISBN 978-3-938460-09-2
  • Michael Heinemann: History of the confectionery industry in the GDR . Federal Association of the German Confectionery Industry (BDSI) (Ed.). IZS-Verlag, Leverkusen 2007, ISBN 3-9808866-4-6

Web links

Commons : Waffelfabrik Haubold & Richter  - Collection of images

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Large district town of Radebeul (ed.): Stadtlexikon Radebeul. Historical manual for the Lößnitz , 2nd, slightly changed edition 2006, pp. 208–209
  2. ↑ The company law information comes from the commercial register of the Radebeul District Court in the Saxon Main State Archives Dresden (signature 11088, Radebeul District Court No. 57).
    in: Ingrid Lewek; Wolfgang Tarnowski: Jews in Radebeul 1933–1945 . Extended and revised edition. Major district town of Radebeul / City Archives, Radebeul 2008, pp. 74–77
  3. ↑ a b c d e Ingrid Lewek; Wolfgang Tarnowski: Jews in Radebeul 1933–1945 . Extended and revised edition. Major district town of Radebeul / City Archives, Radebeul 2008, pp. 74–77
  4. ↑ Ingrid Lewek; Wolfgang Tarnowski: Jews in Radebeul 1933–1945 . Extended and revised edition. Major district town of Radebeul / City Archives, Radebeul 2008, p. 57
  5. ↑ Ingrid Lewek; Wolfgang Tarnowski: Jews in Radebeul 1933–1945 . Extended and revised edition. Major district town of Radebeul / City Archives, Radebeul 2008, p. 56
  6. ↑ a b Letter from Haubold & Richter GmbH, large waffle factory, dated January 11, 1939 .
    reprinted in: Ingrid Lewek; Wolfgang Tarnowski: Jews in Radebeul 1933–1945 . Extended and revised edition. Major district town of Radebeul / City Archives, Radebeul 2008, pp. 74–77
  7. ↑ Ingrid Lewek; Wolfgang Tarnowski: Jews in Radebeul 1933–1945 . Extended and revised edition. Major district town of Radebeul / City Archives, Radebeul 2008, p. 33
  8. ↑ See the statement by the former managing director Arthur Berger from December 5, 1947, in the Radebeul city archive, GDR 742 .
    in: Ingrid Lewek; Wolfgang Tarnowski: Jews in Radebeul 1933–1945 . Extended and revised edition. Major district town of Radebeul / City Archives, Radebeul 2008, pp. 74–77
  9. ^ A b Michael Heinemann: History of the confectionery industry in the GDR . Federal Association of the German Confectionery Industry (BDSI) (Ed.). IZS-Verlag, Leverkusen 2007, pp. 179-180
  10. ^ Large district town of Radebeul (ed.): Stadtlexikon Radebeul. Historical manual for the Lößnitz , 2nd, slightly changed edition 2006, pp. 208–209
  11. ↑ Michael Heinemann: History of the confectionery industry in the GDR . Federal Association of the German Confectionery Industry (BDSI) (Ed.). IZS-Verlag, Leverkusen 2007, p. 195
  12. ^ Streets and squares in Mickten: Sternstrasse
  13. ↑ Michael Heinemann: History of the confectionery industry in the GDR . Federal Association of the German Confectionery Industry (BDSI) (Ed.). IZS-Verlag, Leverkusen 2007, p. 42
  14. ↑ Monument registration 08964319. Retrieved on January 4, 2020.
  15. ↑ Waffel-Beier looks back on 80 years. Retrieved January 4, 2020.

Coordinates: 51 ° 5 ′ 52 ″  N , 13 ° 41 ′ 23 ″  E