Alt-Radebeul

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(Old) Radebeul
Major district town of Radebeul
Coordinates: 51 ° 5 ′ 48 ″  N , 13 ° 40 ′ 26 ″  E
Height : 115 m above sea level NN
Area : 2.42 km²
Postal code : 01445
Area code : 0351
map
Location of the city of origin within the city

Alt-Radebeul (also just Radebeul) is the original district of today's large district town Radebeul in the district of Meißen in Saxony , it corresponds to the Radebeul district within today's urban area. This includes the former village area, from which the city ​​of Radebeul later developed, which in 1934 reached the extent of today's Radebeul-Ost .

The old village center of Radebeul is a west Slavic round village with originally eight, later twelve farms, today the settlement Am Kreis . As members of the old church , these twelve farm owners were called the Twelve Apostles .

The district had in 1900 a size of 242 hectares.

Neighboring Radebeul districts of this easternmost district are Serkowitz in the west and Oberlößnitz in the north. To the south of Alt-Radebeul, on the other side of the Seewiesen , lies the Dresden district of Kaditz . In the east, Alt-Radebeul borders together with Oberlößnitz on the Dresden district of Trachau with the Junge Heide .

history

Old seal of Radebeul (with folk etymological implementation of Radebeil )
Luther Church Radebeul-Ost
The town hall in Radebeul-Ost (from 1900)

The place was first mentioned in 1349 as Radebůl ( Old Sorbian for place of Radobyl ), 1370 as Radebul , 1593 as Radewel , 1618 as Rodewell and 1773 Radebeil . From 1378 the village was administratively subordinate to the Dresden office . In the 16th century, part of the deserted Gleina corridor was added to the southeast .

In 1627 and 1782 the place burned down almost completely in large fires, but was then rebuilt. On November 29, 1860, a station was opened on the Leipzig – Dresden railway line.

In 1874 the chemist Friedrich von Heyden at Meißner Strasse 35 opened the chemical factory v. Heyden , which was the first pharmaceutical factory in the world to produce a pharmaceutical substance, salicylic acid , on an industrial scale . It marked the beginning of the industrialization of Radebeul and developed into one of the most important chemical companies in Saxony.

In 1884 the Radebeul – Radeburg narrow-gauge railway was opened . The inauguration of the Luther Church for the newly formed Parish of Radebeul, Serkowitz and Oberlößnitz followed on November 28, 1892 . In 1900 the inauguration of the town hall of Radebeul took place on September 24th and the new train station went into operation on October 25th . Due to this development beyond (north) the railway line to Meißner Straße, the old town center of Radebeul no longer played a role in the future development of the town.

In 1905 Serkowitz was incorporated into the rural community of Radebeul. With effect from April 1, 1924, Radebeul received city ​​rights . In 1934 Oberlößnitz and Wahnsdorf with a total of 3,309 inhabitants (as of 1933) were incorporated. On January 1, 1935, Radebeul and Kötzschenbroda were merged to form the district-free city of Radebeul and, due to the new German municipal code of January 30, 1935 , declared a district on April 1, 1935 .

Population development

year 1550 (1547/51) 1750 (1764) 1849 1871 1880 1890 1900 1905 1910 1925 1933
Residents 71
(13 possessed men,
6 residents) 		239
(20 possessed men,
7 gardeners, 46 cottagers) 		470 647 1,457 2,783 6,583 10,568 11,402 12,428 12,949

Community boards and mayors

On the occasion of the resignation from the mayor's office of Robert Werner, who had been the community leader since 1893 and mayor since 1924, Werner was made an honorary citizen of Radebeul . With the resignation of the chairman of the Beautification and Traffic Association for the Loessnitz in 1932, the Robert-Werner-Platz got its name.

Years of office 1839-1844 1845-1850 1851-1856 1857-1874 1875-1880 1881-1886 1887-1892 1893-1927
Community council /
mayor 		Johann
Gottfried Iltzsche 		Johann
Gottlob Frantze 		Christian
Heinrich Ziller 		Carl
Gottlieb Barth 		Karl
August Klinger 		 
Franz Rothe 		Friedrich
Hermann Barth 		 
Robert Werner
Life dates     (1810-1857) (1819–1898)   (1849–1903)   (1862–1932)

Cultural monuments

Homecoming stone / three-man stone of three veterans of the Franco-German War 1870/71
Exit of a narrow-gauge railway ( Loessnitz dachshund ) from Radebeul Ost station

The cemetery of the new Parish of Radebeul / Serkowitz / Oberlößnitz, established in 1890 , today Radebeul-Ost cemetery , which is also a work of landscape and garden design, is found as a monument conservation entity in the district of the original municipality of Radebeul .

The property of the Karl May Museum with its garden and the Karl May Grove across the street is also considered a work of landscape and garden design . It also includes the park of the villa of the chemist Carl Kolbe , the park around the villa of the writer and Karl May publisher Euchar Albrecht Schmid and the property of the villa Heinrich Findeisen at Einsteinstrasse 16.

The next to the Luther Church located Heldenhain with the war memorial is considered historic preservation auxiliary plant , as well as the property of Villa Gustav Thoenes in the Meissner Strasse 57, one of the owners of the Saxon asbestos factory Gustav and August Thoenes by the Brothers Ziller was built. Also on Meißner Straße, on the property of the Alex Egerland apartment building at number 96, there is another special feature, a grotto in a small garden.

A special urban design is based on the Meißner Straße transformer tower . From this square the streets radiate in a north-easterly direction and are crossed by streets that intersect radially. The design results in a diamond-shaped structure, the northeastern tip of which is missing.

Along Meißner Straße there are several other listed buildings in this district, such as the Villa Gotthold Schilling , one of the rare Radebeul examples of New Objectivity , or the factory owner's villa of Otto E. Weber , the founder of the coffee substitute factory , which is also located on the property Otto E. Weber (today: Teehaus GmbH ). Further to the east are the chemical factory v. Heyden and the factory building of the August Koebig machine factory in Radebeul .

The Radebeul town hall in this part of the city dates from the turn of the 20th century . Not far away is the Radebeul Ost train station , from which the narrow-gauge Lößnitzgrundbahn starts.

In 1800 Johann Christian Ziller (1773–1838) bought farm No. 8, which was offered for sale by a young widow . At the beginning of 1801 he also married the widow, Anna Elisabeth. Cheetah born Barth, who descended from local master carpenter and master mason families (see also Carl Gottlieb Barth ). The couple were born in 1807 as the fourth child Christian Gottlieb and in 1810 Christian Heinrich as the sixth child in his farm No. 8 , making this property the “cradle” of the Lößnitz master builder Ziller . The listed Dreiseithof , which stands there today at Kaditzer Straße 9 , was built in 1898 for the owner Friedrich Hermann Ziller (1853–1936), the son of Christian Heinrich, by his cousins Moritz and Gustav and is considered the most stately homestead in the village of Radebeul.

literature

Web links

Commons : Alt-Radebeul  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Newspaper for the redevelopment area "Zentrum und Dorfkern Radebeul-Ost" , No. 4 / May 2007 (PDF; 554 kB)
  2. ↑ The 12 apostles of Radebeul
  3. ↑ a b c d e f Radebeul in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
  4. ↑ Radebeul
  5. ^ Frank Andert (Red.): Radebeul City Lexicon . Historical manual for the Loessnitz . Published by the Radebeul City Archives. 2nd, slightly changed edition. City archive, Radebeul 2006, ISBN 3-938460-05-9 .
  6. ^ State Office for the Preservation of Monuments in Saxony and the City of Radebeul (ed.): City of Radebeul. Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany. Monuments in Saxony
  7. ↑ a b c Frank Andert (Red.): Stadtlexikon Radebeul . Historical manual for the Loessnitz . Published by the Radebeul City Archives. 2nd, slightly changed edition. City archive, Radebeul 2006, ISBN 3-938460-05-9 , p. 262 .
  8. ↑ from 1903 including the incorporated Serkowitz
  9. ^ Frank Andert (Red.): Radebeul City Lexicon . Historical manual for the Loessnitz . Published by the Radebeul City Archives. 2nd, slightly changed edition. City archive, Radebeul 2006, ISBN 3-938460-05-9 , p. 264 .
  10. ↑ Friedbert Ficker; Gert Morzinek; Barbara Mazurek: Ernst Ziller - A Saxon architect and building researcher in Greece; The Ziller family . Kunstverlag Josef Fink, Lindenberg i. Allgäu 2003, p. 24.
  11. ^ State Office for the Preservation of Monuments in Saxony and the City of Radebeul (ed.): City of Radebeul. [Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany. Monuments in Saxony.] SAX-Verlag, Beucha 2007, p. 161.