Zitzschewig

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Zitzschewig
Major district town of Radebeul
Coordinates: 51 ° 7 ′ 5 ″  N , 13 ° 36 ′ 15 ″  E
Height : 107-140 m above sea level NN
Area : 3.09 km²
Incorporation : 1923
Incorporated into: Kötzschenbroda
Postal code : 01445
Area code : 0351
map
Location of the district within Radebeul

Zitzschewig , an independent rural community until 1923, is now a district and a district of Radebeul in the district of Meißen in Saxony . It is located on the northwestern outskirts and borders on Coswig . The center of Zitzschewig is the Rundling with the Anger Altzitzschewig with its twelve listed houses. The district had in 1900 a size of 309 hectares. Zitzschewig belongs to the Radebeuler Johannisberg vineyards .

history

Seal of the community of Zitzschewig
Zitzschewig land map, 1879
Wettinshöhe with Haus Wettinhöhe
Manor of the Paulsberg

The hillside on which the Hohenhaus manor is located was mentioned as a vineyard as early as the 13th century . The summer residence of the Meißner bishops was built here in the 15th century and remained in their possession until the middle of the 16th century.

The place itself was first mentioned in 1366 as Czuczewitz , but the oldest part of the place, the Rundling Altzitzschewig , dates back to Slavic times. In 1378 the place belonged to the "castrum Dresden".

In the 15th century, the mountain top on the Zitzschewiger Flur , known as the Landeskrone , was also owned by the Meißner bishops. The name Wettins Höhe has been used for this since 1758 . The middle building of the villa there ( House Wettinhöhe ) was built on the associated winery in 1858 , which was expanded by the Ziller brothers in 1879/1880 to become today's representative Wettinhöhe Castle .

There has been evidence of an inn since 1515, at which time the village of Rudolf (II.) Von Bünau belonged to Weesenstein Castle . In 1547 the lordship was with the cathedral chapter of Meissen, but administrative affiliation with the Dresden office. The village was parish after Kötzschenbroda . The population counted as "36 possessed men" with 9 hooves of land.

Between 1679 and 1750, eight independent mountain parts were merged into the Paulsberg vineyard property on the Zitzschewiger Flur . One of them, called Sydenberg or Seydenberg , was already known as a vineyard in 1436. The manor house at the entrance to the Rietzschke Ground was rebuilt in a classical style at the beginning of the 19th century. In 1913 the manor house received an extension from the Hellerau Art Nouveau architect Richard Riemerschmid .

The Zechstein winery with vineyard and forest ownership already existed in the 17th century, it is located on Zitzschewiger Flur west of Barkengasse near the Hohenhaus. From 1795 it was owned by Count Friedrich Magnus I of Solms-Wildenfels (1743–1801). The two-story mansion was built in 1852 instead of a previous building mentioned in 1706.

In 1764 parts of the town belonged to the Meißen procurator's office, another part belonged to the Dresden syndicate office. There were "21 possessed man , 11 gardeners , 29 cottagers counted 8¼ hooves per bushel 9".

In 1834, shortly before the communal changes due to the Saxon rural community order of 1838 , the place had 608 inhabitants, two of whom were Catholic. In 1842 Zitzschewig received a school , at that time it once again belonged to the Dresden Office. In 1899 there was a municipal water supply and in 1902 it had its own stop on the Leipzig – Dresden railway line . Around 1800 the place had around 350 inhabitants and in 1890 more than 1000. The meter-gauge route of the Lößnitzbahn was extended on December 25, 1920 (or on December 25, 1923) as a single track from Kötzschenbroda to Zitzschewig.

In 1923 the place with its about 1,600 inhabitants was incorporated into Kötzschenbroda and in 1924 when Kötzschenbroda was granted city rights to a district. In 1935, Zitzschewig and the town of Kötzschenbroda became part of the newly created urban district of Radebeul .

Population development
year 1550 (1547) 1750 (1764) 1834 1849 1871 1880 1890 1900 1910 1919
Residents 180
(36 possessed men) 		306
(21 possessed men,
11 gardeners, 29 cottagers) 		608 757 793 950 1,021 1,428 1,461 1,599

Anger with a cottage garden

Zitzschewig village green

The "farmer garden newly created, used and designed by several residents of the village" in the Altzitzschewig village received the 2003 Radebeul builders' award in the category special award for open space and garden design for its "typical coexistence and juxtaposition of useful plants and seasonal flowers and shrubs [ , of the decorative types (Swiss chard, colored lettuce, turnips or cabbage types) next to onions, kohlrabies, beans [and] next to old cottage garden plants like burning love, delphinium, phlox, hollyhocks, daisies ”. The four large, planted usable areas surround a central rose circle with a way of the cross and are themselves framed by a surrounding wooden picket fence.

Cultural monuments

Characteristic for the district is the landscape protection area , which, with its drained vineyard walls , was placed under the protection of regional monuments in 1999 as the historical Radebeul vineyard landscape . This stretches from Zitzschewig via Naundorf and Niederlößnitz to Oberlößnitz on the eastern city limits.

The large vineyard properties of the Hohenhaus, Kynast , Paulsberg and Wettinshöhe are considered works of landscape and garden design . The property of the Donadini house is one of the listed ancillary facilities .

The monuments of this district include the Bishop's Press and the Krapenburg as well as numerous stables and farmhouses on the Anger von Altzitzschewig.

Personalities

Hohenhaus
Carl Pfeiffers Wächterberg with residential building

The playwright Gerhart Hauptmann stayed in the Hohenhaus frequently between 1881 and 1885 , calling it a "nest of the birds of paradise". For the wedding of his brother Georg to Adele Thienemann, one of the five daughters from Hohenhaus, in September 1881, Gerhart Hauptmann wrote the little festival Liebesfrühling , which was premiered on hen party. At this wedding he met her sister Marie Thienemann, to whom he secretly became engaged. His brother Carl Hauptmann married Martha Thienemann in 1884, another of the five sisters. On May 5, 1885, Gerhart married Hauptmann Marie Thienemann. He immortalized Zitzschewiger life in the novella The Wedding on Buchenhorst and in his youth work The Jungfern vom Bischofsweg . A memorial stone in his honor stands in front of the former Zitzschewig school at Gerhart-Hauptmann-Straße 12.

After the sale of the Hohenhaus by the Thienemann heirs in 1885, the new owner, Walther Stechow , had the building rebuilt in the neo-renaissance style. His son, the zoologist Eberhard Stechow , who was born in Berlin in 1883 , grew up in the Hohenhaus.

From 1892 the painter, restorer and pioneer of artistic photography Ermenegildo Antonio Donadini lived in Rietschkegrund 21, where he had his studio house built in 1911. He died there in 1936.

In the mid-1920s, the Upper Silesian mine director Ewald Hilger acquired the Kynast winery in Zitzschewig, where he lived until his death in 1934.

In 1939, Carl Pfeiffer , the savior of the Loessnitz vineyards, retired, which he spent on the Wächterberg vineyard in Knollenweg, which was laid out in 1935 for his employee . He died in Zitzschewig in 1946 and was buried in the Johannesfriedhof.

Community boards

  • 1839–1845: Johann Christian Wensche
  • 1846–1850: Johann Gotthelf Jacob
  • 1851–1855: Christian Gottlieb Closer
  • 1855–1878: Christian Wilhelm Kämpffe
  • 1879–1884: Richard Berge
  • 1885–1890: Hermann Huldreich Enders
  • 1891–1902: Richard Berge
  • 1902–1923: Otto Kempe

See also

literature

  • Frank Andert (Red.): Radebeul City Lexicon . Historical manual for the Loessnitz . Published by the Radebeul City Archives. 2nd, slightly changed edition. City archive, Radebeul 2006, ISBN 3-938460-05-9 .
  • Cornelius Gurlitt : Zitzschewig. In:  Descriptive representation of the older architectural and art monuments of the Kingdom of Saxony. 26. Booklet: The art monuments of Dresden's surroundings, Part 2: Amtshauptmannschaft Dresden-Neustadt . CC Meinhold, Dresden 1904, p. 291 f.
  • Volker Helas (arrangement): City of Radebeul . Ed .: State Office for Monument Preservation Saxony, Large District Town Radebeul (=  Monument Topography Federal Republic of Germany . Monuments in Saxony ). SAX-Verlag, Beucha 2007, ISBN 978-3-86729-004-3 .
  • Moritz Eduard Lilie: Chronicle of the Loessnitz localities Kötzschenbroda, Niederlößnitz, Radebeul, Oberlößnitz with Hoflößnitz, Serkowitz, Naundorf, Zitzschewig and Lindenau with special consideration of Coswig and the other neighboring towns . Niederlößnitz 1893 (digitized version)
  • Heinrich Magirius : Village centers in the Lößnitz - their historical and urban significance and problems of their preservation as monuments. In: Dresdner Geschichtsverein (ed.): Lößnitz − Radebeul cultural landscape. (= Dresdner Hefte . No. 54). Verlag Dresdner Geschichtsverein, Dresden 1998, ISBN 3-910055-44-3 , pp. 62–68.
  • Adolf Schruth: Chronicle: The Prokuraturamts- and Syndikatsdorf Zitzschewig . Radebeul 1934 ( online version (pdf; 671 kB) ( memento from February 1, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) - with additions 1986/2010 by Manfred Richter).
  • Urban planning ideas competition: Moritz Ziller Prize for Urban Design 2014 . Competition theme: Radebeul-Zitzschewig! “The village within the city”. In: Large district town of Radebeul (ed.): Planning and building in Radebeul . Radebeul 2014, ISBN 978-3-938460-14-6 ( online [PDF]).

Web links

Commons : Zitzschewig  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g h Zitzschewig in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
  2. ↑ a b Volker Helas (arrangement): City of Radebeul . Ed .: State Office for Monument Preservation Saxony, Large District Town Radebeul (=  Monument Topography Federal Republic of Germany . Monuments in Saxony ). SAX-Verlag, Beucha 2007, ISBN 978-3-86729-004-3 .
  3. ^ Frank Andert (Red.): Radebeul City Lexicon . Historical manual for the Loessnitz . Published by the Radebeul City Archives. 2nd, slightly changed edition. City archive, Radebeul 2006, ISBN 3-938460-05-9 .
  4. ↑ Loessnitzbahn
  5. ↑ a b c Frank Andert (Red.): Stadtlexikon Radebeul . Historical manual for the Loessnitz . Published by the Radebeul City Archives. 2nd, slightly changed edition. City archive, Radebeul 2006, ISBN 3-938460-05-9 , p. 262 .
  6. ↑ a b Radebeul Builders' Prize 2003. Association for Monument Preservation and New Buildings, Radebeul , accessed on June 6, 2009 .
  7. ↑ Justification in accordance with Section 21, Paragraph 3 of the Saxon Monument Protection Act on the statutes for the monument protection area " Historical Radebeul Vineyard Landscape "
  8. ^ Frank Andert (Red.): Radebeul City Lexicon . Historical manual for the Loessnitz . Published by the Radebeul City Archives. 2nd, slightly changed edition. City archive, Radebeul 2006, ISBN 3-938460-05-9 , p. 264 .