Single wagon traffic

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Single wagon traffic or wagonload traffic is a type of rail freight traffic .

description

This type of transport is named after the fact that single- wagon freight trains consist of freight wagons from different senders and recipients. The transport from a sender to a recipient therefore requires that the individual wagons or groups of wagons be transported with the help of different trains and regrouped between them with the help of shunting maneuvers , in particular in shunting yards . The inclusion of the freight wagons is provided in sidings , rail yards or loading tracks . If loads from several senders or recipients are transported within one wagon, single wagon traffic is part of general cargo traffic .

In contrast, there is block train traffic . This runs directly from the consignor to the recipient in an unchanged wagon combination and consists only of freight wagons from this individual consignor or recipient.

Combined transport is also one of the block trains . In this block trains transport loading units between different senders and recipients. These different traffic relations are not covered by shunting the wagons, but by loading the transport containers (mostly containers ) in transshipment stations between different types of transport or between trains, with the wagons remaining unchanged in the train set.

procedure

The single wagon load traffic takes place in a junction system. Here, the cars are usually by means of small locomotives or shunting z. B. picked up from the sender's sidings. These groups of wagons are bundled in bundling points, also known as satellite stations, or made available on loading tracks there and transferred to junction stations. From there, the trains are either transferred to other junction stations in the region or transported to supra-regional train formation facilities (shunting yards).

In the marshalling yards, the incoming trains are dismantled and combined according to destinations to form new, supra-regional freight trains. Larger trains to other marshalling yards are hauled by heavy line locomotives.

The trains are dismantled again in the train formation systems of the destination marshalling yard and the distribution takes place in reverse order via node and satellite stations to the individual receivers.

The route and other data of a car used to be recorded in paper form that was securely attached to the outside of the car.

Today we are moving towards managing the cars in computerized information systems, for which they are identified by car numbers, and increasingly also by transponders . Many wagons are now also equipped with GPS devices that allow those involved in the transport to follow their progress in real time .

Involved

There are often many more different parties involved in single wagon traffic than in block train traffic. The infrastructures such as loading siding, connecting railway, supra-regional rail network and junction stations are often owned by different infrastructure companies . Likewise, the different trains involved in a transport can be operated by different transport companies. Some of the rolling stock is also owned by various companies. The sender, recipient, participating railway company or wagon rental company can own these wagons. Due to the different, not necessarily symmetrical transport relationships, large wagon pools were founded early on, which were used independently of senders, recipients and transport companies. Eisenbahn-Verkehr AG was founded as early as 1899 and has now merged into Europe's largest private car rental company, VTG AG .

market

The extensive, complex network-wide organization of single-wagon traffic means that the market is dominated by (former) state railways. In Central Europe, seven railways have joined forces to form the cross-border XRail network . Due to this effort and the associated costs, however, some railways have withdrawn completely from this transport segment, so that this type of transport no longer exists in countries like Italy.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Udo Sauerbrey, Kerstin Esser: Single wagon traffic as an alternative. Railistics GmbH, accessed on March 25, 2016 .
  2. ↑ a b single wagon traffic. VDV eV, accessed on November 20, 2017 .
  3. ↑ Technical University of Hamburg-Harburg, Institute for Logistics and Management, W. Kersten: Single wagon traffic in rail freight traffic. In: Extract from the Research Information System (FIS) published by the Federal Ministry of Transport and Digital Infrastructure (BMVI). September 13, 2002, accessed on March 25, 2016 (state of knowledge: June 20, 2014 ).
  4. ↑ Stefan Boss: "Single wagon traffic is the supreme discipline". In: SBB Cargo Blog. SBB Cargo, March 23, 2013, accessed on November 20, 2017 .