True hogweed

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True hogweed
Acanthus mollis5.jpg

True hogweed ( Acanthus mollis )

Systematics
Euasterids I
Order : Mint family (Lamiales)
Family : Acanthus family (Acanthaceae)
Subfamily : Acanthoideae
Genre : Acanthus ( acanthus )
Type : True hogweed
Scientific name
Acanthus mollis
L.

True Bärenklau ( Acanthus mollis ) is a plant of the genus Akanthus ( Acanthus ) within the family of the Acanthaceae (Acanthaceae). It is common in the Mediterranean area . Occasionally it is used as an ornamental plant. In the German-speaking area, the term soft hogweed is also used . The true hogweed is not closely related to the genus Heracleum, also known as hogweed, from the umbelliferae family (Apiaceae).

description

illustration
fruit
Fruits and seeds

The true hogweed is a perennial, herbaceous plant that reaches heights of 30 to 100 centimeters. The upright stem axis is unbranched. The basal, 40 to 60 centimeters long and 15 centimeters wide leaves are long stalks, elongated ovoid, fiederspaltig not narrowed with at the base, not at the top verdornten Fiederabschnitten, the sheet edge is serrated cut. They are hairy bald to short and downy. The few, more or less sessile leaves on the stem are 1 to 3 centimeters long, more or less egg-shaped, and their edge is toothed with thorns.

The bald bracts are egg-shaped and up to 4 inches long. The inflorescence is a dense, cylindrical spike composed of numerous attractive flowers . The hairless calyx is around 4 inches long. The crown 4 to 5 centimeters long and white in color with purple veins . The upper lip is greatly reduced, the lower lip is three-lobed.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 36.

distribution

Acanthus mollis is widespread in the western and central Mediterranean, it occurs for example in maquis or in valleys.

Systematics

There are two subspecies:

  • Acanthus mollis subsp. mollis
  • Acanthus mollis subsp. platyphyllus Murb. : It occurs in Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia and Spain.

use

Acanthus mollis is used as an ornamental plant and is only partially hardy, which is why it is only rarely planted outside of the climatically favored regions of Central Europe.

In ancient times, the plant species known as branca ursina ( lat. Bear claw) was used as an ingredient in medicines. In 1542 this plant species was given the name Bärentāpe and one of its common names is still Bärentap (p) e .

proof

  1. a b c d e Hans Christian Weber, Bernd Kendzior: Flora of the Maltese Islands. A field guide. Margraf, Weikersheim 2006, ISBN 3-8236-1478-9 , p. 226.
  2. ^ A b c Sylvia M. Haslam, Peter D. Sell, Patricia A. Wolseley: A Flora of the Maltese Islands. Malta University Press, Msida (Malta) 1977, p. 293.
  3. ^ TG Tutin, VH Heywood, NA Burges, DM Moore, DH Valentine, SM Walters, DA Webb (eds.): Flora Europaea . Volume 3: Diapensiaceae to Myoporaceae . Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1972, ISBN 0-521-08489-X , pp. 283 (English, limited preview in Google Book search).
  4. Karol Marhold, 2011: Acanthaceae : Datasheet Acanthus mollis In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity.
  5. Hans Simon (ed.): The outdoor ornamental shrubs. Manual and lexicon of garden perennials . Founded by Leo Jelitto, Wilhelm Schacht. 5th completely revised edition. tape 1 : A-H . Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2002, ISBN 3-8001-3265-6 , pp. 12 .
  6. Hans-Joachim Poeckern: The Simplicien in the Nuremberg Dispensatory of Valerius Cordus from 1546 and their explanation in the italic footnotes, with special consideration of the Dioscurides notes and plant descriptions of Valerius Cordus. Mathematical and scientific dissertation, Halle an der Saale 1970, p. 138.
  7. ^ Georg August Pritzel , Carl Jessen : The German folk names of plants. New contribution to the German linguistic treasure. Philipp Cohen, Hannover 1882, p. 2, online.
  8. Heinrich Marzell : Dictionary of German plant names. 5 volumes, Leipzig, from volume 3 Stuttgart / Wiesbaden, volume I, p. 61.

Web links

Commons : True hogweed ( Acanthus mollis )  - album with pictures, videos and audio files