Pilgrimage Church of the Assumption of Mary (Dorfen)

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Church of the Assumption

The pilgrimage and parish church Mariä Himmelfahrt Dorfen on the Ruprechtsberg above Dorfen is an almost completely new building from 1784. After the collapse of the nave vault in 1782, Mathias Rösler rebuilt it, including the late Gothic choir and tower substructure. The result was an early classicist wall pillar construction 54 meters long.

Church and pilgrimage history

Miraculous image of Maria Dorfen , engraving, 1781

In the High Middle Ages there was a Marienkapelle in the same place, which was replaced by the large Gothic hall church around 1350. From the beginning, Dorfen was a branch of the parish of Oberdorfen . The first pilgrimages to Our Lady in Dorfen are likely to have started as early as the 15th century. However, it has only been certain about this since 1632, as previous records were lost in the Thirty Years' War . The pastoral confirmation of the miraculous image of the Virgin Mary was in 1707. Since the rapidly increasing influx of pilgrims could only be managed by a large number of priests, a priest's house was built in the west of the pilgrimage church in 1717-19, and between 1775 and 1804 part of the Freising seminary was housed there . The pilgrimage reached its climax in the last third of the 18th century: around four million pilgrims came to the holy mountain village, sometimes two thousand in one day. In 1785 58,000 pilgrims received communion in Dorfen, and 5,400 masses were celebrated between April and November. In 1782 the nave of the church collapsed and the church was then rebuilt as an early classical hall church by Mathias Rösler, incorporating the late Gothic choir and tower substructure. After the secularization of 1803, the influx of pilgrims dropped sharply. In 1813 Dorfen became an independent parish, with the branches Marktkirche St. Vitus , Pestkirche St. Sebastian , St. Andreas Kleinkatzbach , St. Peter and Paul Hampersdorf , St. Johannes d. T. Jaibing , St. Jakobus Jakobrettenbach , St. Nikolaus Staffing as well as the now broken Hl. Blut Rinning. From 1953 to 1957 Georg Ratzinger was a cooperator, organist and conductor of the Dorfen parish.

Furnishing

altar

The interior, designed on three axes by strong composite wall pillars and cap vaults, is characterized by the economical stucco and the ceiling frescoes from 1786 as well as the late baroque high altar. Excellent figures of the Twelve Apostles (partly by Christian Jorhan the Elder ) are attached to the pillars . The ceiling frescoes that Johann Huber made show from the gallery to the choir an angel concert , the birth of the Virgin Mary , the Visitation of the Virgin Mary , the presentation of Jesus in the temple and (in the choir) five proclamations from the Lauretanian litany and the Assumption patronage. The two blue side altars with altar leaves by Josef Huber are dedicated to St. John Nepomuk and Bishop Nikolaus; on their candlestick benches silver busts of St. Joachim and Anna. The classicistic stucco marble pulpit comes from Erdinger Franz Schussmann. The most important work of art, although only a reconstruction, is the high altar. The original late baroque altar (1748/49) by Egid Quirin Asam was replaced by a historicism altar except for the lower part in 1868 . Pastor Hermann Eigner had the Asam altar reconstructed from 1963–1971, in which the image of grace has been integrated as since the Middle Ages .

Organs

Main organ

Main organ

The organ was built by Orgelbau Zeilhuber in 1964 and had 34 registers on three manuals and a pedal . In September 2013 it was restored and expanded by the organ builder Utz from Regensburg and the organ builder Weber from Landshut. It was inaugurated again at Easter 2014. Today it has 40 registers, divided into three manuals and pedal. A new gaming table was also built and the swell was given new insulation. The playing and stop actions are electric. The disposition is as follows:

I Hauptwerk C – g 3
Big dumped 16 ′
Principal 8th'
Voce umana 8th'
Reed flute 8th'
octave 4 ′
Swiss pipe 4 ′
Fifth 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
Forest flute 2 ′
third 1 3 ⁄ 5  ′
Mixture V 1 1 ⁄ 3  ′
Trumpet 8th'
II Positive C-g 3
Dumped 8th'
Coupling flute 4 ′
Principal 2 ′
Pointed fifth 1 1 ⁄ 3  ′
Sif flute 1'
Zimbel III 1 ⁄ 2 ′
Krummhorn 8th'
III Swell C – g 3
Drone 16 ′
Drone 8th'
Wooden flute 8th'
Willow pipe 8th'
Vox coelestis 8th'
Ital. Principal 4 ′
recorder 4 ′
Nasat 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
Schwiegel 2 ′
Rauschpfeife III 2 ′
oboe 8th'
Tremulant
Pedal C – f 1
Principal bass 16 '
Sub bass 16 ′
Quintbass 10 2 ⁄ 3  ′
Octave bass 8th'
Pommer 8th'
Choral bass 4 ′
Flat flute 2 ′
Pedal mixture II 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
Bombard 16 ′
bassoon 8th'
Field trumpet 4 ′

Choir organ

In front of the chancel there is a choir organ with 10 registers. It was also renovated along with the main organ. The actions are pneumatic. The disposition:

I main work C–
Wooden dacked 8th'
Principal 4 ′
Rohrnasard 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
Mixture IV 1'
II upper structure C–
Quintad 8th'
Reed flute 4 ′
octave 2 ′
Sif flute 1 1 ⁄ 3  ′
Pedal C–
Sub-bass 16 ′
Pipe whistle 4 ′
  • Coupling: II / I, I / P, II / P
  • Playing aids: a free combination, tutti, shut-off valve for all registers

Bells

Six bells hang in the tower, of which the five large ones were cast from steel by the Bochum Association after the Second World War in 1949 in a striking sequence of c 1 - d 1 - e 1 - g 1 - a 1 . The smallest bell is historical, made of bronze and dates from 1795.

Buildings around the church

Parish church with sisters' rest home from the southwest
  • Chapel of Christ on the Shoulder , located to the south of the parish church, is a late Baroque building from 1715. As old views show, the chapel had a 3/8 end in the east at today's entrance. Inside are the figures of the former neo-Romanesque high altar of the parish church.
  • Former Seminary (nurses' rest home) , a few meters west of the pilgrimage church, built from 1717 to 1719 under the direction of Ph. Lindmayer as a Petrine institute. The expansion from 1775 to 1778 turned it into a stately four-wing complex with an integrated large house chapel. Between 1956 and 1975 a large extension was added in the southwest. The chapel of St. Peter and Paul is furnished in the early Rococo style in 1778 with a remarkable high altar, which depicts the baptism of Christ , attended by Peter and Paul. Since 1914, the building has been owned by the Order of the Poor School Sisters of Our Lady , who set up a nurses' home there.
  • The rectory , 60 meters to the east, is a large neo-baroque building from 1914, in keeping with the importance of the parish church.

  • Former North side of the seminary

  • Former Seminary east side

  • Chapel of the Shoulder Wounds Christ

  • Rectory

literature

  • Georg Brenninger: The churches of the parish of Dorfen. 4th edition. Schnell & Steiner publishing house, Regensburg 2004, ISBN 3-7954-4119-6 .
  • Josef Gammel: Dorfener Land in historical pictures. Präbst, Dorfen 1980.
  • Home book of the city of Dorfen. From the city elevation to the 3rd millennium. (= Dorfener Heimatbuch ; Volume 1). Dorfen 2006.
  • Iris Nestler: The pilgrimage church Maria Dorfen. A monograph. Präbst, Dorfen 1994.

Web links

Commons : Pilgrimage Church of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Coordinates: 48 ° 16 ′ 31.8 "  N , 12 ° 8 ′ 49.7"  E