Pilgrimage Church of the Assumption (Sammarei)
The pilgrimage church of the Assumption of Mary is a listed church building in Sammarei , a district of Ortenburg in the district of Passau (Bavaria). The Catholic parish belongs to the Diocese of Passau . The church is also known to the population by the nicknames Niederbayerische Wieskirche , the Bavarian Assisi and the German Loreto .
Pilgrimage
Abbot Gerard Hörger describes the origins of the pilgrimage in a chronicle. The farm in Sammarei burned down in 1619, burning branches fell on the adjacent wooden chapel from the time before 1521. However, the chapel did not catch fire. According to tradition, the nearby apple tree that was parched by the fire bore fruit again the next year. Abbot Michael Kirchberger sent some of these quince-flavored apples to the Electress Elisabeth and asked for permission to build a church around the wooden chapel, which the Electress allowed after a while. On the church forecourt in front of the main entrance, the fountain of gratitude reminds of this legendary event. The central figure is a bronze tree on which the aforementioned quince apples hang. The well water splashes from its branches into a circular stone basin. The work was designed by the sculptor Edeltraud M. Göpfert. The inauguration of the fountain took place on July 13, 2008 on the occasion of the 375th anniversary of the pilgrimage church.
History and architecture
The name Sammarei is derived from the popularly modified Sancta Maria . In a description of the ownership of the Cistercian monastery Aldersbach , the purchase of a praedium sanctae Mariae is mentioned for 1296 . The comment datz sant marein can be found in the margin . In 1381 it is mentioned in a document that the Hof ze Sandmarein was given to the knight Schweiker III as a pledge from the Aldersbach monastery. des Tuschl was given. These two early mentions lead to the conclusion that there has been a modest chapel for the veneration of Mary here since the Middle Ages. The abbot Michael Kirchberger laid the foundation stone for the new church on April 1, 1629, the construction management was incumbent on the mason Isaak Bader . The Regensburg Auxiliary Bishop Otto Heinrich consecrated the church on 21/22. September 1631, permission was given by the diocese administrator Marquard von Schwend from Passau.
The original chapel from the time before 1619 (one chapel was mentioned as early as 1521) has been preserved, around this chapel Isaak Bader built today's baroque church. Around 1,300 votive pictures can be seen around the chapel, which is located behind the altar wall. This chapel of grace is accessed via two passages under the wings of the high altar. The hall building with polygonal choir and facade tower is flooded with light inside. The five-part altar wall closes the room on the choir arch across the entire width. The choir is thus a separate room with the grace chapel in the middle. The barrel vault rests on cornice capitals, these continue downwards in pilasters and divide the room into four bays. The walls are structured by raised windows, the organ gallery is supported by two stone columns. The tinting with marbling applied during a renovation in 1892 was removed by the Zunhamer company in 1978 and replaced with the originally given color scheme of the interior.
Furnishing
The altar wall was most likely created by Jakob Bendl in 1645 . Three of the five axes form the high altar and the side altars, the other two form the passageways to the preserved Chapel of Mercy. Groups of figures with the dragon fight of St. George and the donation of St. Martin's coat are arranged above the passageways . According to evidence of the style, the altar leaves come from Matthäus Lettenpichler from Passau. The painting of the barrel vaulted central axis depicts the Assumption of Mary into heaven , the side altar leaves show the martyrdom of St. Corona and St. Jerome in solitude. On the side walls of the niche in the middle, the church fathers are depicted, whose vault is designed as a sky with putti and the eye of God. The architectural structure shows twisted columns as well as bizarre curved, twisted gable pieces and supporting volutes with cartilage ornamentation.
The pompous complex is rated as unique in the sacred art of furnishing in southern Germany. It is believed that Jakob Bendl was influenced by iconostases from the Eastern Church that he might have seen on his trip to Prague. The gates of honor and display scaffolding, popular in the 17th century, provide another clue.
The Gnadenkapelle is a three-sided closed block structure, which is covered with a shingle roof with lighting hatches. The walls of the chapel are decorated with numerous votive pictures inside and out . The west wall is open in the lower part; the interior of the chapel can be seen through a wrought iron grille from the nave. The altar of grace, dated 1772 on the crowning, may have come from the workshop of Joseph Deutschmann from Passau. The late rococo canopy structure is adapted to the slope of the chapel roof and is lightly marbled, gilded and provided with inlaid mirrors in the pillars. The image of grace is a copy of the image of the Virgin attributed to Hans Holbein in the shoemaker's chapel in St. Jakob in Straubing .
The pulpit was created by Jakob Bendl in 1647 and its frame and ornamentation are matched to the altar wall. The statuettes represent John the Baptist , Christ, Peter and Paul . Our Lady is represented on the sound cover . The gallery parapet, also from 1647, shows a cycle of paintings with scenes from the life of Mary.
The organ is the work of an unknown organ builder in a magnificent case, presumably by Jakob Bendl from 1653 with ten stops on a manual and pedal . The paintings on the double doors depict King David and St. Cecilia .
literature
- Schnell Art Guide No. 1278, Schnell & Steiner Verlag, 1st edition 1981.
- Georg Dehio : Handbook of the German art monuments. Bavaria II - Lower Bavaria. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich, Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-422-03122-7 . Pp. 608-612.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ various names
- ↑ Beginning of the pilgrimage
- ^ [1] Pilgrimage Association Sammarei
- ↑ Schnell Art Guide No. 1278, Verlag Schnell & Steiner, 1st edition 1981, pp. 2–8
- ↑ a b Georg Dehio : Handbook of German Art Monuments. Bavaria II - Lower Bavaria. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich, Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-422-03122-7 . Pp. 608-612.
- ↑ Information about the organ on orgbase.nl. Retrieved January 27, 2019 .
Coordinates: 48 ° 31 '47.4 " N , 13 ° 9' 48.8" E