Hydrogen pipeline

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

A hydrogen pipeline is used to transport hydrogen through a pipeline in the chemical industry and as part of the hydrogen economy.

Hydrogen pipelines

history

  • 1938 - The first hydrogen pipes were built in the Rhine-Ruhr metropolitan region. They are a total of 240 km long and are made of regular pipe steel. They were designed for a compressed hydrogen pressure of 20-210 bar (2,000-21,000 kPa) with a diameter of 250-300 millimeters and are still in operation
  • 1973 - Construction of the 30 km pipeline in Isbergues, France
  • 1985 - Extension of the pipeline from Isbergues to Zeebrugge
  • 1997 - Connection of the pipeline to Rotterdam
  • 1997 to 2000 - Development of two hydrogen networks, one near Corpus Christi, Texas and one between Freeport and Texas City
  • 2009 - A 240 km extension of the Plaquemine to Chalmette pipeline

economy

The hydrogen pipelines are used to transport hydrogen from the production or delivery point to the demand point. Although they are technologically advanced and the cost of transportation is similar to that of CNG, hydrogen is mostly produced near demand, with industrial production facilities up to 161 km away.

Piping

Hydrogen pipes have problems with hydrogen embrittlement and corrosion . Hydrogen has an active electron and so behaves somewhat like a halogen . For this reason, hydrogen pipes must be able to resist corrosion. The problem is compounded because hydrogen can easily migrate into the crystal structure of most metals. For metal lines that must withstand pressures of up to 7,000 psi (48 MPa ), high-purity stainless steel tubing with a maximum hardness of 80 HRB is preferred.

A basic distinction is made between the lines:

Fiber-reinforced polymer pipelines (or FRP pipelines) and reinforced thermoplastic pipes are still being explored.

Hydrogen pipelines

Infrastructure

  • 2004 - USA - 1,400 km of low pressure hydrogen pipelines
  • 2004 - Europe - 1,500 km of low-pressure hydrogen pipelines

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b The Technological Steps of Hydrogen Introduction. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on October 29, 2008 ; accessed on March 15, 2017 .
  2. ↑ a b rise.org - Pipelines. Retrieved March 15, 2017 .
  3. ↑ Air Liquide | The world leader in gases, technologies and services for Industry and Health . In: Air Liquide . February 19, 2015 ( airliquide.com [PDF; accessed March 15, 2017]). Air Liquide | The world leader in gases, technologies and services for Industry and Health ( Memento of the original from October 14, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.airliquide.com
  4. ^ Hydrogen Pipeline Extension Strengthens Gulf Coast Network. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on March 16, 2009 ; accessed on March 15, 2017 .
  5. ↑ 2005 DOE Hydrogen Pipeline Working Group Workshop. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on March 3, 2016 ; accessed on March 15, 2017 .
  6. ↑ Natural gas pipelines for hydrogen transportation. Retrieved March 15, 2017 .
  7. ↑ 2006 - Compressorless Hydrogen Transmission Pipelines. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on February 10, 2012 ; accessed on March 15, 2017 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.leightyfoundation.org
  8. ^ Hydrogen forecast. Retrieved March 15, 2017 .
  9. ^ Stuart Island Energy Initiative. Retrieved March 15, 2017 .
  10. ^ Idaho national Engineering Laboratory Recommendations for Piping for Gaseous Hydrogen. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on September 16, 2012 ; accessed on March 15, 2017 . .
  11. ↑ 2007 - Fiber Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Pipelines. Retrieved March 15, 2017 .
  12. ↑ NEW, COMPOSITE POLYMERIC / METALLIC MATERIALS AND DESIGNS FOR HYDROGEN PIPELINES. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on October 8, 2008 ; accessed on March 15, 2017 .
  13. ↑ 2006 FRP Hydrogen Pipelines. Retrieved March 15, 2017 .
  14. ↑ Lifetime Simulation Composite & Multilayer Pipelines. Retrieved March 15, 2017 .
  15. ↑ 2004 USA pipelines. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on May 27, 2010 ; accessed on March 15, 2017 .
  16. ↑ JL Gillette, RL Kolpa: Overview of Interstate Hydrogen Pipeline Systems. ANL / EVS / TM / 08-2. Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), February 1, 2008 ( osti.gov [accessed March 15, 2017]).
  17. ↑ 2004 EU pipelines. Retrieved March 15, 2017 .