White butterbur
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White butterbur ( Petasites albus ) |
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| Petasites albus | ||||||||||||
| ( L. ) Gaertn. |
The white butterbur ( Petasites albus ) is a species of the sunflower family (Asteraceae).
description
The perennial, dioecious, separate sexed herbaceous plant reaches heights of growth between 10 and 30 cm at flowering time, the female plants up to 80 cm at fruiting time. The stem leaves are yellowish green to pale green. The rounded leaf blades are double-serrated and are usually 20 to 40 cm wide. They are spiderweb-tomentose on the underside and balding on the top. The leaf stalk is not hollow and not grooved on the sides.
The flower heads (= partial inflorescences ), which consist of white tubular flowers, are located in dense racemose inflorescences .
Flowering time is from April to May.
The chromosome number of the species is 2n = 60.
Distribution and location
The distribution area extends from Europe to West and Central Asia. The white butterbur prefers brook banks, tall herbaceous vegetation, damp slopes, seep-damp, loamy deciduous forests, alluvial forests and also damp forest roadsides. She likes to appear in societies of the Fagetalia order. It is widespread from the valley up to altitudes of 2700 meters. In the Allgäu Alps, it rises on the Upper Biberalpe near the Biberkopf in Bavaria up to 1,860 m above sea level.
In Germany, the white butterbur is rare north of the low mountain range. In low mountain ranges with loam and clay soils as well as in the foothills of the Alps and the Alps, it occurs scattered, often in extensive clonal and therefore unisexual stands. In Austria it is common in all federal states. It is widespread and fairly common in Switzerland.
ecology
The white butterbur is a seepage pointer. It is mostly a gauze creeper, also a raw soil pioneer and a shade-penumbra plant.
literature
- Manfred A. Fischer , Wolfgang Adler, Karl Oswald: Excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol. 2nd, improved and enlarged edition. State of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2005, ISBN 3-85474-140-5 .
- Dietmar Aichele, Heinz-Werner Schwegler: The flowering plants of Central Europe . Volume 4, Stuttgart 2004.
- HE Hess, E. Landolt, R. Hirzel: Flora of Switzerland and adjacent areas . Birkhäuser Verlag Basel, 1972.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas. 8th edition. Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , p. 948.
- ^ Gerhard Wagenitz : Family Compositae. In: Gustav Hegi : Illustrated flora of Central Europe. 2nd Edition. Volume VI, Part 3, Verlag Paul Parey, Berlin, Hamburg 1979, ISBN 3-489-84020-8 , pp. 693-696.
- ↑ Erhard Dörr, Wolfgang Lippert : Flora of the Allgäu and its surroundings . Volume 2, IHW-Verlag, Eching near Munich 2004, ISBN 3-930167-61-1 , p. 612.
Web links
- Petasites albus (L.) Gaertn., White butterbur. In: FloraWeb.de.
- White butterbur . In: BiolFlor, the database of biological-ecological characteristics of the flora of Germany.
- Profile and distribution map for Bavaria . In: Botanical Information Hub of Bavaria .
- Petasites albus (L.) Gaertn. In: Info Flora , the national data and information center for Swiss flora . Retrieved May 16, 2016.
- Distribution in the northern hemisphere according to Hultén
- Thomas Meyer: Butterbur. Data sheet with identification key and photos at Flora-de: Flora von Deutschland (old name of the website: Flowers in Swabia )
