White Castle (Dresden-Blasewitz)

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White Castle, picture postcard around 1910
Guesthouse St. Gotthardsburg, picture postcard around 1890
Blasewitz, map excerpt from the city map of Dresden from 1948: areas colored in purple represent total destruction
White Castle, 1952 (before the demolitions)
White Castle, 1952 (1st demolition)
White Castle, 1952 (2nd demolition)

The White Palace was a villa in the Dresden district of Blasewitz , Residenzstrasse (since 1921 Königsheimplatz ) on the corner of Händelallee (until 1945 Marschallallee) with parcel number 208.

Historical classification

The place Blasewitz at the gates of Dresden developed rapidly into a villa location between 1860 and 1870. Primarily in the German founding period , various styles of German half-timbered construction, the Renaissance , the Romanesque , the Gothic and the Baroque were combined in harmony according to the style of the Dresden villa architecture . Adorned and adorned with pointed and angular towers, nestling bay windows, three-dimensionally decorated facades, subtle additions and decorative gables, as well as decorative chimneys and chimneys, the result was an often castle-like character. Generously laid out streets defined large front gardens and parks around the buildings. When creating the Blasewitz forest park, the Saxon Secret Councilor Arthur Willibald Königsheim designed the development and division of the land and streets.

Outer shape

The property at Königsheimplatz at the corner of Händelallee on parcel number 208 was acquired by the Dresden entrepreneur Carl August Spiegelthal. He commissioned the Dresden architect Theodor Lehnert to build an aristocratic country house. Based on his designs, one of the most important castle-like villas in Blasewitz near Dresden was built between 1860 and 1862. The building in neo-Gothic design, based on the Tudor style , had a floor area of ​​around 16 by 9 meters. It consisted of a basement and three upper floors with a six-axis longitudinal front and four-axis gable front, on the tower side with a three-axis gable front and a five-storey octagonal stair tower with a crenellated ledge on the east corner. The front of the building on the street side was emphasized in the central axis with balconies on the 2nd and 3rd floors and a stepped gable in the roof area. The individual floors had changing window shapes, on the first floor with flat arches , on the first floor rectangular and on the second floor with curtain arches . The gable windows were provided with pointed arches and the tower with basket and flat arches. The end of the building was also decorated with a crenellated wreath. The building was provided with a sloping gable roof . The plastered facade with a surrounding ledge above the ground floor was kept white. Hence the vernacular called the villa the White Castle . Along with the main house, an outbuilding for the servants and the St. Gotthardsburg house were built on Schubertstrasse at the corner of Emser Strasse . A spacious park-like garden surrounded the villa.

Interior

The interior furnishings and fittings were extremely splendid and installed according to the latest technology at the time. The utility rooms and staff basement apartments were located in the basement or basement . The mezzanine or ground floor was accessible via a decoratively decorated main entrance with an outside staircase. The hall was kept open over three floors and conveyed a spacious and pleasant atmosphere. Floor-to-ceiling oak wall paneling with carved ornaments was in the lower part of the hall. The upper part of the hall was reached via a grand staircase and is also the access to the upper floor. Arcades with ornaments and coats of arms formed a magnificent architectural finish on low columns. The ceiling with the visible oak beams and plastered intermediate fields gave the hall a successful overall picture. The spaciously arranged rooms were accessible via the hallway and connected to one another inside. All the rooms were splendid and richly decorated with ornaments and plastic reliefs. The door frames were lavishly veneered with carved oak wood.

The Dresden interior design company Udluft und Hartmann took over the execution of the wall cladding and all wooden fixtures. Each doorway was designed and decorated differently, the door frames were decorated with tendrils and decorative ribbons and ended in the upper part with figures and fantasy figures. The fittings of the doors and windows were made of brass. The lock shields and window olives were adorned with elaborate chasing. The Baskülstangen were already modern incorporated into the frame. All rooms on the first floor were designed like the hallway. The window sides were covered with wall cladding up to the ceiling. The intermediate fields and parapets were richly decorated with tendrils and ribbons in relief. All the ceilings on the first floor had a wooden coffered beam ceiling with decorative decorations and ornate intermediate fields. The upper floor was arranged around the hall in the same way as the rooms on the ground floor. Their design showed a somewhat more closed grandeur than on the ground floor. All rooms had stucco and beamed ceilings with carved intermediate fields with decorative decorations. The family's less decorated rooms were on the top floor, with the dining room on the south side again being decorated with ornaments, reliefs and ribbons and half-height wall paneling.

Usage history

The Dresden entrepreneur and builder Carl August Spiegelthal lived in the building after its completion in 1862 until 1880. Christian Friedrich Lorenz, innkeeper of the White Eagle , took over the property until 1920. He converted it into a hotel and bought several other buildings in the area. With the redesign to the Hotel Weißes Schloss , the building technology was modernized. The park-like garden was redesigned and the facades were renovated with white paint. This created a pension facility with over 100 holiday apartments. An own fleet of vehicles with several carriages or automobiles was just as much a part of it as the use of the magnificent social rooms and halls in the main building. In 1899 the Dresden sculptor Eduard Jungbluth celebrated his wedding in the White Palace. The dentist Willy Alfred Mauksch became the new owner of the villa in 1920. He had the building converted back into a privately used villa and built an extension in the garden in 1930 for the Dresden-Blasewitz medical association.

destruction

In 1945, during the air raids on Dresden , the building was hit by several incendiary and high-explosive bombs and burned down completely, except for the surrounding walls. Although the ruin was cleared, it was blown up and removed in 1952. The park-like garden was preserved for a long time until several prefabricated buildings were erected on the area in 1988 .

literature

Web links

Commons : White Castle  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Annette Dubbers: Blasewitz. From the history of a Dresden district.
  2. ^ Archives of the blasting technology Dresden.

Coordinates: 51 ° 3 ′ 15.8 ″  N , 13 ° 47 ′ 13.6 ″  E