Ox-eye (plant)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Ox eye
Ox-eye (Buphthalmum salicifolium)

Ox-eye ( Buphthalmum salicifolium )

Systematics
Euasterids II
Order : Astern-like (Asterales)
Family : Daisy family (Asteraceae)
Subfamily : Asteroideae
Genre : Ox eyes ( Buphthalmum )
Type : Ox eye
Scientific name
Buphthalmum salicifolium
L.

The bull's-eye ( Buphthalmum salicifolium ), also Weidenblättriges Ochsenauge or beef eye , belongs to the family of the daisy family (Asteraceae).

features

The perennial herbaceous plant reaches heights of about 30 to 60 cm. The upright, mostly branched, short-haired stem is evenly alternately leafed and hollow under the cup. The leaves are lanceolate to oblanceolate, with entire margins or finely serrated, sparsely hairy, lower long-stalked, uppermost sessile with a narrowed base.

The flower heads stand individually or in small numbers at the end of the stem. The tongue of the ray florets is golden yellow, 2.5 mm wide and 11 to 16 mm long.

The flowering period is between May and September.

The chromosome number of the species is 2n = 20.

Ox-eye ( Buphthalmum salicifolium ) in Upper Austria
Three-row basket shell with pointed bracts of approximately equal length.
Cut through the flower head: the tubular flowers are clearly dominated by their chaff leaves.

Possible confusion

The ox-eye bears a great deal of resemblance to the willow-leaved elephant , was formerly also known as "elephant" and is not infrequently confused with arnica by those who are inexperienced . In arnica, however, the leaves are opposite.

Occurrence

The limestone plant prefers limestone grasslands (rarely in wet meadows), dry forests from the submontane to subalpine altitude. At higher altitudes it is a type of the Seslerietalia societies, at lower altitudes in societies of the Mesobromion, Molinion, Erico-Pinion or Geranion sanguinei associations.

In the Allgäu Alps, it rises in the Tyrolean part of the Rotwand near Elbigenalp up to 2000 m above sea level.

In Austria it occurs frequently to very frequently in all federal states. It is also common in Switzerland .

Systematics

One can distinguish the following subspecies:

  • Buphthalmum salicifolium subsp. salicifolium : It comes from in the Alps and Prealps in France, Italy, Switzerland, Germany, Austria, Belgium, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary and on the Balkan Peninsula.
  • Buphthalmum salicifolium subsp. flexile (Bertol.) Garbari (Syn .: Buphthalmum flexile Bertol. ): It occurs in France and Italy.

literature

  • Oskar Angerer, Thomas Muer: Alpine plants (=  Ulm nature guide ). Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2004, ISBN 3-8001-3374-1 .
  • Manfred A. Fischer, Wolfgang Adler, Karl Oswald: Excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol . 2nd, improved and enlarged edition. State of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2005, ISBN 3-85474-140-5 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . 8th edition. Stuttgart, Verlag Eugen Ulmer, 2001. Page 923. ISBN 3-8001-3131-5
  2. ↑ Heinrich Marzell : Dictionary of German plant names. 5 volumes, Leipzig, from volume 3 Stuttgart / Wiesbaden, volume 1, p. 696 f.
  3. ↑ Erhard Dörr, Wolfgang Lippert : Flora of the Allgäu and its surroundings. Volume 2, IHW, Eching 2004, ISBN 3-930167-61-1 , p. 589.
  4. ↑ a b c Werner Greuter (2006+): Compositae (pro parte majore). - In: W. Greuter & E. von Raab-Straube (ed.): Compositae. Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Datasheet Buphthalmum salicifolium In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity.

Web links

Commons : ox-eye  - collection of images