Vera Mikhailovna Yermolayeva
Wera Michailowna Yermolajewa ( Russian Вера Михайловна Ермолаева , scientific transliteration Vera Michajlovna Ermolaeva ; born November 2, 1893 in Petrowsk , Saratov Governorate , Russian Empire ; † September 26, 1937 in a camp near Karaganda ) was SSR . , Kazakhstan , Soviet Union a Russian painter and book illustrator who is counted among the Russian avant-garde .
life and work
Yermolayeva was paralyzed in his legs from childhood and required walking aids throughout her life.
She received her artistic training from 1911 to 1914 at a private art school in Petersburg. In 1918 she founded the artist group “ Today ” ( Russian Сегодня / Sevodnja , scientific transliteration Segodnja ), which published handcrafted books with hand-colored linocuts in the style of the Russian Lubki . The artists' cooperative also included Natan I. Altman , Juri P. Annenkow , Nikolai F. Lapschin , Nadežda Ljubawina, E. Turowna and writers such as Alexei M. Remisow . She then worked at the “Art School of the People” in Wizebsk, founded by Marc Chagall in 1918, and invited Kasimir Malevich , together with El Lissitzky , to teach there as well. She was significantly influenced by Malevich's Suprematism and, in particular, from 1920, when she became the director of the art school, she contributed to the use of Suprematism in applied arts. She was a member of the UNOWIS artist group founded on January 17, 1920 in Vitebsk . The First Russian Art Exhibition in Berlin in 1922 showed their decoration (two figures) for the opera Sieg über die Sonne .
In 1922 she returned to Petersburg with Malevich. Malevich was appointed to the "State Institute for Artistic Culture ( GINChUK )"; Vera Yermolajewa worked there until 1926 as head of the color laboratory. During this time she turned back to figurative painting. From 1927 onwards she mainly developed children's books and magazines for children, mainly for the state publisher “Gosizdat” with the head of the editorial department for children's book illustration Vladimir W. Lebedew , and also created illustrations for volumes of poetry by Daniil Charms , Alexander I. Vvedensky and others.
Vera Yermolayeva was arrested in the course of the Stalinist purges in 1934, sentenced to five years in a camp and taken to a camp near Karaganda. She died there in 1937.
Collections
- Museum of Modern Art , New York, artist no. 1749
- Russian Museum , Saint Petersburg
literature
- Vera Ermolayeva: 1893-1937. The State Russian Museum, St. Petersburg; Palace Ed., [Bad Breisig], 2008, ISBN 978-3-940761-16-3 .
- Vera Mikhailovna Yermolayeva. In: The great utopia. The Russian avant-garde 1915–1932. Schirn Kunsthalle, Frankfurt am Main 1992, p. 743 (exhibition catalog).
Web links
- ЕРМОЛАЕВА ВЕРА МИХАЙЛОВНА , biography and pictures (Russian)
- A Sparrow in the Soviet Storm , biography and pictures
Individual evidence
- ↑ Book illustrations in the MoMA holdings
- ↑ Today, Сегодня / Segodnja. In: Christoph Wilhelmi: Groups of artists in Eastern and Southern Europe. Hauswedell, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-7762-1101-6 , p. 191.
- ↑ The great utopia. The Russian avant-garde 1915–1932. Schirn Kunsthalle, Frankfurt am Main 1992, p. 698.
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Yermolayeva, Vera Mikhailovna |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Ермолаева, Вера Михайловна (Russian); Ermolaeva, Vera Michajlovna (scientific transliteration); Ermolayeva, Vera Mikhajlovna; Ermolaeva, Vera M .; Yermolayeva, Vera Mikhailovna (English transcription) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Russian painter |
| DATE OF BIRTH | November 2, 1893 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Petrovsk , Saratov Governorate , Russian Empire |
| DATE OF DEATH | September 26, 1937 |
| Place of death | in Karaganda , Kazakh SSR , Soviet Union , today Karaganda , Kazakhstan |