Wilfred Monod

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Wilfred Monod in an etching by his son Maximilien Vox , 1917

William Frédéric Monod , known as Wilfred Monod (born November 24, 1867 in Paris ; † May 2, 1943 ibid) was a French Reformed pastor and theologian. He is internationally known primarily for his participation in the early ecumenical movement .

Live and act

Monod was the son of the Reformed pastor Théodore Monod and his wife Gertrude. He studied philosophy at the Sorbonne and theology at the faculty in Montauban , also abroad, including in Uppsala and Berlin, where Adolf von Harnack had a lasting impact on him . He became friends with Nathan Söderblom during an ecumenical conference in Northfield, Massachusetts in 1890 . In 1891 he obtained his theological baccalaureate and in 1892 took up his first pastorate in Condé-sur-Noireau . In 1898 he moved to Rouen . He was in 1899 for the Faculty of Theology in Paris licentiate and 1901 for Dr. theol. PhD. In 1907 he took over the parish of the Reformed church Oratoire du Louvre in Paris, where his great-grandfather Jean Monod (1765–1836), his grandfather Frédéric Monod (1794–1863) and his father and his great-uncle Adolphe Monod had already worked. In addition, he taught at the theological faculty, from 1909 as a professor of practical theology . In 1937 the faculty expelled him for neglecting his teaching duties, but also for theological reasons; he kept the parish office until 1938.

Monod campaigned for the preservation of the unity of the Reformed Church in France under the law on the separation of church and state of 1905. The Synod of Jarnac convened by him together with Charles Wagner in October 1906 was a failure; it only led to the establishment of a third association of communes, the Union nationale des Eglises Reformees , which stood between the Orthodox and the Liberals. Monod became president of this federation and then of the Union des Églises réformées , which was formed in 1912 by the union of his communal federation with the liberal Union des Églises réformées unies . With the Orthodox Union des Églises réformées évangéliques one worked together in the Fédération Protestante de France , whose establishment in 1905 Monod had also supported.

Already in Rouen Monod was committed to Christian socialism and founded the self-help project Solidarité in 1900 . He published in numerous magazines and launched the Avant-Garde magazine in 1899 together with Élie Gounelle . In 1911 in the Parisian Quartier des Halles he founded the youth welfare project La Clairière, which still exists today . In 1915 he joined the Parti socialist . Also in Rouen and later in Paris, he campaigned for the establishment of adult education centers ( Université populaire ).

Before 1914 Monod represented a Christian pacifism and was a member of the association La Paix par le Droit . He also took part in the founding of the World Alliance for Church Friendship in August 1914 and in 1915 became the first President of the French branch of this first international Christian peace organization. Mainly because of the violation of Belgium's neutrality, he supported the French warfare. From 1919 on, however, he campaigned for the World Federation again and became one of its vice-presidents, even if the question of war guilt repeatedly caused tensions with German theologians. He was also, along with Söderblom, one of the driving forces behind the convening of the Stockholm World Conference of Churches in August 1925 and the resulting movement for practical Christianity . He also played a leading role in the Faith and Order Movement, the other branch of the Ecumenical Movement. In 1933 he campaigned for the Confessing Church and not the Reich Church, which is controlled by the NSDAP, to achieve ecumenical recognition.

family

Monod was married to Dorina Monod (1868–1962), a second cousin (daughter of Pastor William Monod, granddaughter of Pastor Adolphe Monod ) since 1891 . They had three sons, the later colonial administrator Sylvain Monod (1896-1987), the writer and typographer Maximilien Vox and the zoologist and Africa researcher Théodore Monod . With him, Monod founded the Tiers-ordre des Veilleurs in 1923 , a Protestant third order whose members committed themselves to daily prayer and which still exists today under the name Fraternité Spirituelle des Veilleurs .

Fonts (selection)

  • Il règnera. Dix tableaux de la gloire de Jésus-Christ . Fischbacher, Paris 1896.
  • L'évangile du royaume . Fischbacher, Paris 1900.
  • Peut-on rester chrétien? Trois conférences . Fischbacher, Paris 1901.
  • The problem of the mort. Cinq meditations . Fischbacher, Paris 1904.
  • Aux croyants et aux athees . Fischbacher, Paris 1906; Reprint Phénix éditions, Ivry Cedex 2001.
  • Socialisme et christianisme . Volksdrukkerij, Gand, 1908.
  • Silence et prière. Simple méditations matinales pour chaque jour du mois . Fischbacher, Paris 1909.
  • À Paris et ailleurs (Échos et reflets). Fischbacher, Paris 1912 ( digitized version ).
  • Verdun (un diptyque) . Fischbacher, Paris 1922 ( digitized version ); Reprint Editions Ampelos, 2016.
  • You protestantism. Félix Alcan, Paris 1928.
  • La Nuée de témoins . Fischbacher, Paris 1929.
  • Un homme de foi. George Fox . Fischbacher, Paris 1930.
  • Le problem du Bien. Essai de théodicée et journal d'un pasteur . Félix Alcan, Paris, 1934; Vol. I ; Vol. II ; Vol. III .
  • Après la journée (1867-1937). Souvenirs et visions. B. Grasset, Paris 1938 (autobiography).

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Dietz Lange: Nathan Söderblom and his time. Vandenhoeck and Ruprecht, Göttingen 2011, ISBN 978-3-525-57012-8 , p. 78.
  2. ↑ Bernard Reymond: Theologies Ou Prophète? Les Francophones et Karl Barth avant 1945. L'Age d'Hommes, Lausanne 1985, pp. 165-173.
  3. ^ Yannick Marec: Vers une république sociale? Un itinéraire d'historien: Culture politique, patrimoine et protection sociale aux XIXe et XXe siècles. Université Rouen, 2009, pp. 332–342.
  4. ↑ Histoire de La Clairière on the La Clairière website ; 1911: La Clairière on the website of the Oratoire du Louvre .
  5. ↑ Laurent Gambarotto: Patriotism enlightened by Faith? French Reformed preaching during. World War I. In: Hans-Georg Ulrichs: The First World War and the Reformed World. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2014, pp. 222–236; Frédéric Rognon: La voix des pacifistes. In: Irene Dingel , Matthieu Arnold (ed.): Sermon in the First World War. La prédication durant la "Grande Guerre". Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2017, pp. 107–223, here pp. 109–112.
  6. ^ Ernst-Otto Meinhardt: Adolf Deissmann. A pioneer of world Christianity. Diss. Hamburg 2009, esp. Pp. 204–208 ( PDF file ).
  7. ^ Website of the Fraternité Spirituelle des Veilleurs ; Fraternité Spiritual des Veilleurs on the Oratoire du Louvre website .
personal data
SURNAME Monod, Wilfred
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Monod, William Frédéric
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French Reformed pastor and theologian
DATE OF BIRTH November 24, 1867
PLACE OF BIRTH Paris
DATE OF DEATH May 2, 1943
Place of death Paris