William Keith Brooks
William Keith Brooks (born March 25, 1848 in Cleveland , Ohio , † November 12, 1908 at Lake Roland , Baltimore County , Maryland ) was an American zoologist .
Life
Brooks studied at Hobart College and Williams College , where he earned a bachelor's degree in 1870 . He then first worked in his father's shop, a wholesaler. In 1871 Brooks got a job as a teacher at DeVeaux College in Niagara Falls , New York . At Harvard University he studied from 1873 with Louis Agassiz and his son Alexander Agassiz . After completing his Ph.D. In 1875 Brooks worked as a tutor with Alexander Agassiz, where he made a special contribution to the description of the shape and embryonic development of the salps . He then worked as an assistant at Alpheus Hyatt at the Museum of the Boston Society of Natural History , where he further described invertebrates .
In 1876 Brooks moved to the newly founded Johns Hopkins University , where he became an assistant professor under H. Newell Martin . In 1878 Brooks founded the Chesapeake Zoological Laboratory , which was buoyant and therefore could change its position. Here he was able to make significant contributions to the elucidation of the fertilization and embryonic development of oysters . In 1883 he became an associate professor . Brooks was able to support Charles Darwin's Pangenesis theory with his findings, especially on primordial germ cells . In 1889 Brooks was given a full professorship in morphology . In 1894 he became head of overall biology at Johns Hopkins University, a position he held until his death.
In 1884 Brooks was elected to the National Academy of Sciences , 1886 to the American Philosophical Society and 1892 to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences , and he was a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science . He held honorary doctorates from Hobart College (1899), Williams College (1893) and the University of Pennsylvania (1906).
Brooks was married to Amalia Katherine Schultz († 1901) since 1878. The couple had two children. William Keith Brooks died in 1908 of complications from a congenital heart defect ( ventricular septal defect ).
His students included William Bateson , Ross Granville Harrison , Edmund B. Wilson , Thomas Hunt Morgan , Edwin G. Conklin, and Henry Van Peters Wilson .
Fonts
- Handbook of Invertebrate Zoology , 1882
- The Oyster , 1891
- The Genus Salpa , 1893
- The Foundations of Zoology , 1899
literature
- Edwin Grant Conklin : William Keith Brooks 1848–1908 (PDF; 1.6 MB). In: Biographical Memoirs of The National Academy of Sciences , 1913.
- Rodney P. Carlisle: Brooks, William Keith. In: American National Biography
- William Keith Brooks. In: Encyclopædia Britannica . Accessed December 5, 2018 .
- Kaitlin Smith: William Keith Brooks (1848-1908) . Embryo Project Encyclopedia. ISSN 1940-5030
Web links
- Biography, publications and academic family tree of William Keith Brooks at academictree.org
Individual evidence
- ↑ Member History. In: search.amphilsoc.org. American Philosophical Society , accessed December 5, 2018 .
- ↑ Book of Members 1780 – present, Chapter B. (PDF; 1.2 MB) In: American Academy of Arts and Sciences (amacad.org). Accessed December 5, 2018 .
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Brooks, William Keith |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Brooks, William K. |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | American zoologist |
| DATE OF BIRTH | March 25, 1848 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Cleveland , Ohio |
| DATE OF DEATH | November 12, 1908 |
| Place of death | Lake Roland , Baltimore County , Maryland |