Willys M38

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Willys
restored Willys M38
restored Willys M38
M38 (also called MC)
Production period: 1949-1952
Class : Off-road vehicle
Body versions : Kübelwagen
Engines: Otto engine
2.2 liters (44 kW)
Length: 3378 mm
Width: 1575 mm
Height: 1372-1708 mm
Wheelbase : 2032 mm
Empty weight : 1191 kg
Previous model Willys MB
successor Willys M38A1

The Willys M38 Jeep , as Willys MC is known, an American lightweight, all-wheel drive military off-road vehicle . From 1950 it replaced the Willys MB and the Ford GPW of the Second World War. More than 60,000 units had been produced by 1952. The M38 is the military version of the civil jeep Jeep CJ-3A, also produced at the time . It differs from this in a few details, such as the reinforced frame and suspension, a watertight 24-volt system, sealed vents on the engine, transmission, brake and fuel system. Some M38s were used in the Korean War. Approximately 2,300 M38s were manufactured by Ford of Canada for the Canadian Army under the name M38-CDN. From 1952 the M38 was replaced by its successor, the Willys M38A1 .

description

The US Technical Service Regulation TM 9-804 describes the M38 as follows: “This vehicle is an all-purpose transporter for people and equipment, specially designed for reconnaissance, command, liaison and other special purposes. It is a four wheel drive four wheel drive vehicle called the ¼ ton 4 × 4 utility truck M38. The 4-cylinder petrol engine ( Willys Go Devil engine ) is at the front, the structure offers space for four passengers, is open and can be closed by a tarpaulin top with side parts that is stretched with a corresponding metal rod. The manual 3-speed gearbox ( Borg-Warner T90 transmission) is supplemented by a 2-speed transmission (Dana 18 transmission), which both activates the drive of the front axle and offers an additional reduction for difficult terrain. The windshield can be folded forward onto the bonnet in order to achieve a low silhouette and allow shooting forward. The spare wheel is mounted on the rear wall and there is a trailer hitch at the rear. This vehicle is designed for short underwater use, which is achieved by sealing the electrical system and a ventilation system that is connected to the air filter. A conversion kit is available that extends the air inlet and the exhaust pipe and thus enables deep wading through deeper waters . This allows the vehicle to be used in water crossing and landing operations "

Distinguishing features to the Willys MB

Although most parts of the body, frame, engine and much more were taken directly from the predecessor, the Willys MB, there are some obvious differences:

  • The glazing of the windshield is one-piece and can no longer be folded out forwards. Instead, the M38 has three flaps underneath the glazing to ventilate the interior when the top is closed.
  • Two shackles for lashing are mounted on the front and rear .
  • The headlights are no longer offset inwards and can be folded away, but protrude a little and are each protected by a wire bracket.
  • The pioneering tools (ax and shovel), which were still mounted on the driver's side of the MB, are on the passenger side of the M38.
  • There is a tank filler neck that is accessible from the outside on the driver's side. In the MB, this was still attached under the driver's seat.
  • Between the bonnet and windshield on the passenger side there is a flap under which one of the two 12 V vehicle batteries is mounted (the second battery is under the bonnet).
  • The handle for operating the parking brake is now to the left of the steering wheel and no longer in the middle of the dashboard.
  • The M38 rolls on larger tires (7.00 R16, while the MB was still 6.00 R16).

On the other hand, the extensive measures that were taken to equip the M38 with the greatest possible deep water capability are not visible from the outside: All instruments, switches, the starter, the alternator, the alternator regulator, the battery boxes, the distributor and the distributor cables were designed to be watertight. As some of the components require a connection to the ambient air for their proper function or to prevent the formation of condensation, a complex system of valves, ventilation hoses and pipes was installed.

Before entering deeper water, the driver was able to close the valves for ventilation of the engine block using a pull switch mounted on the dashboard. As a result, an overpressure was built up in the motor, which also prevented water from entering.

Technical data Willys M38

Technical data Willys M38
Empty weight 1190 kg
Payload 544 kg
width 1575 mm
length 3376 mm
wheelbase 2032 mm
Top speed 97 km / h
Ground clearance 235 mm
Climbing ability 66.2%
Approach angle at the front 55 °
Departure angle at the rear 35 °
Fording depth 762 mm (1880 mm with deep water equipment)
engine Four clock - Otto engine , 4 cylinders in series ,
lateral valves Willy Go Devil motor
Displacement 2199 cc
power 60 SAE PS / 44 kW
Tank capacity 49.2 l (69.2 l including spare canister)
Fuel consumption (loaded) 13.6 l / 100 km
Range 362 km (509 km including spare canister)
Seats 4th

Technical service regulations

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ TM-9-804, 1⁄4-ton 4 x 4 Utility truck M38, US Dept. of the Army, Sep 1950, accessed April 29, 2015

Web links