Tungsten (VI) chloride

Structural formula
General
Surname	Tungsten (VI) chloride
other names	Tungsten hexachloride
Molecular formula	WCl 6
Brief description	black-purple solid with a pungent odor
External identifiers / databases
EC number	236-293-9
ECHA InfoCard	100.032.980
PubChem	83301
Wikidata	Q421188
properties
Molar mass	396.56 g mol −1
Physical state	firmly
density	3.52 g cm −3
Melting point	275 ° C
boiling point	346 ° C
solubility	Decomposes in water
safety instructions
H and P phrases	H: 302-314
	EUH: 029
	P: 280-301 + 330 + 331-305 + 351 + 338-310-402 + 404
	As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

Tungsten (VI) chloride is a chemical compound from the group of chlorides and tungsten compounds . It is an important compound in the manufacture of other tungsten compounds.

Extraction and presentation

Tungsten (VI) chloride can be obtained by chlorinating tungsten.

{\ displaystyle \ mathrm {W + 3 \ Cl_ {2} \ longrightarrow WCl_ {6}}}

It can also be obtained by reacting tungsten (VI) oxide with carbon tetrachloride in the absence of water (otherwise red tungsten oxychloride WOCl _{4 is formed} ).

{\ displaystyle \ mathrm {WO_ {3} +3 \ CCl_ {4} \ longrightarrow WCl_ {6} +3 \ COCl_ {2}}}

The anhydrous compound is also accessible by reacting tungsten (VI) oxide with hexachloropropene :

{\ displaystyle {\ ce {WO3 + 3 CCl2 = CClCCl3 -> WCl6 + 3 CCl2 = CClCOCl}}}

properties

Tungsten (VI) chloride is a blue-black, moisture-sensitive solid. In the desiccator over sulfuric acid, protected from light, it can be kept indefinitely. It is very easily soluble in alcohol (with a yellow color), carbon tetrachloride (with a red or dark brown color), carbon disulfide , ether, benzene , ligroin and acetone . These solutions decompose when left standing in the air for a long time and very quickly when heated or when water is added.

Tungsten (VI) chloride is caustic and corrosive. It is sparingly soluble in water, but hydrolysis occurs with the release of hydrogen chloride . The purer it is, the slower it is. The compound occurs in two crystal structures , whereby α-tungsten (VI) chloride is stable below 226 ° C and has a rhombohedral structure.

At low temperatures, for example in an acetone-dry ice mixture (−78 ° C), its color reversibly changes to wine red.

use

By reaction with arsenic or arsine can Wolframarsenid be won.

literature

Jason M Kamphaus, Joseph D Rule, Jeffrey S Moore, Nancy R Sottos, Scott R White: A new self-healing epoxy with tungsten (VI) chloride catalyst , JR Soc Interface; 2008 January 6; 5 (18); 95-103; doi : 10.1098 / rsif.2007.1071 ; PMC 2605505 (free full text).
Peter Smet, Bart Devreese, Francis Verpoort, Tania Pauwels, Ingrid Svoboda, Sabine Foro, Jozef Van Beeumen, Ludo Verdonck: Preparation and Characterization of a Bis (silsesquioxane) tungsten Complex ; Inorg. Chem .; 1998; 37 (26); 6583-6586; doi : 10.1021 / ic980175y .

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Entry on tungsten (VI) chloride in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA , accessed on January 8, 2018(JavaScript required) .
^ JW Herndon: Tungsten (VI) Chloride. In: Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis (Ed: L. Paquette) 2004, J. Wiley & Sons, New York; doi : 10.1002 / 9780470842898.rt430.pub2 .
↑ ^a ^b ^c Georg Brauer (Ed.) U. a .: Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry. 3rd, revised edition. Volume III, Ferdinand Enke, Stuttgart 1981, ISBN 3-432-87823-0 , p. 1558.
^ WW Porterfield and SY Tyree, Jr .: Anhydrous metal chlorides . In: S. Young Tyree, Jr. (Ed.): Inorganic Syntheses . tape 9 . McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc., 1967, p. 133-136 (English).
↑ JC Taylor and PW Wilson: The structure of β-tungsten hexachloride by powder neutron and X-ray diffraction. In: Acta Cryst. (1974), B30, pp. 1216-1220; doi : 10.1107 / S0567740874004572 .
^ MH Lietzke and ML Holt: Tungsten (VI) chloride . In: Ludwig F. Audrieth (Ed.): Inorganic Syntheses . tape 3 . McGraw-Hill, Inc., 1950, pp. 163-166 (English).
^ Erik Lassner, Wolf-Dieter Schubert: Tungsten Properties, Chemistry, Technology of the Element, Alloys, and Chemical Compounds . Springer Science & Business Media, 2012, ISBN 978-1-4615-4907-9 , pp. 145 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
^ RJ Meyer: Wolfram . Springer-Verlag, 2013, ISBN 978-3-662-13401-6 , pp. 207 ( limited preview in Google Book search).

[GESTIS-1] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Entry on tungsten (VI) chloride in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA , accessed on January 8, 2018(JavaScript required) .

[2] JW Herndon: Tungsten (VI) Chloride. In: Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis (Ed: L. Paquette) 2004, J. Wiley & Sons, New York; doi : 10.1002 / 9780470842898.rt430.pub2 .

[brauer-3] Georg Brauer (Ed.) U. a .: Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry. 3rd, revised edition. Volume III, Ferdinand Enke, Stuttgart 1981, ISBN 3-432-87823-0 , p. 1558.

[IS9-4] WW Porterfield and SY Tyree, Jr .: Anhydrous metal chlorides . In: S. Young Tyree, Jr. (Ed.): Inorganic Syntheses . tape 9 . McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc., 1967, p. 133-136 (English).

[5] JC Taylor and PW Wilson: The structure of β-tungsten hexachloride by powder neutron and X-ray diffraction. In: Acta Cryst. (1974), B30, pp. 1216-1220; doi : 10.1107 / S0567740874004572 .

[IS3-6] MH Lietzke and ML Holt: Tungsten (VI) chloride . In: Ludwig F. Audrieth (Ed.): Inorganic Syntheses . tape 3 . McGraw-Hill, Inc., 1950, pp. 163-166 (English).

[Erik_Lassner,_Wolf-Dieter_Schubert-7] Erik Lassner, Wolf-Dieter Schubert: Tungsten Properties, Chemistry, Technology of the Element, Alloys, and Chemical Compounds . Springer Science & Business Media, 2012, ISBN 978-1-4615-4907-9 , pp. 145 ( limited preview in Google Book search).

[R._J._Meyer-8] RJ Meyer: Wolfram . Springer-Verlag, 2013, ISBN 978-3-662-13401-6 , pp. 207 ( limited preview in Google Book search).