Woolly booted umbrella
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Woolly booted umbrella ( Lepiota clypeolaria ) |
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| ( Bull .: Fr. ) P. Kumm. |
The woolly puss umbrella or wool stick umbrella ( Lepiota clypeolaria ) is a type of mushroom from the family of mushroom relatives (Agaricaceae). The fruiting bodies appear mostly in deciduous forests between August and October. The woolly puss is not an edible mushroom.
features
Macroscopic features
The thin-fleshed hat is 4–8 cm wide, hemispherical when young, later bell-shaped to flat and bluntly hunched. The surface is whitish-cream-colored and covered with small, pale brownish to ocher-colored, woolly scales. The clearly defined center is pale brownish and velvety smooth. The edge of the young fruiting bodies is covered with white remains of velum.
The crowded, white lamellas are free, the edges flaky and the spore powder whitish to creamy yellow.
The brittle, hollow stem is 5–10 cm long and 0.3–1 cm wide. It is initially whitish, with age more yellowish or pale brownish and under the indistinct, flaky ring zone, woolly-tomentose to woolly-scaly. The base of the stem is darker brown in color and sometimes thickened somewhat tubercular. The thin, soft flesh is white and smells faintly fruity-spicy to slightly luminous gas. It tastes mild to scratchy and disgusting.
Microscopic features
The spores are 12–17 µm long and 4–6.5 µm wide. Long, hair-like hyphae are found in the hat skin.
Species delimitation
The umbrella is not that easy to identify and is often confused with closely related species. Similar species include the radish umbrella ( Lepiota erminea ), the false woolly umbrella ( Lepiota clypeolarioides ) and the yellow woolly umbrella ( Lepiota magnispora ).
ecology
The fruiting bodies usually appear between August and October in deciduous, more rarely in mixed forests. The fungus particularly likes to grow in base-rich beech forests. The umbrella, which is quite common and widespread everywhere, can often be found on roadsides.
distribution
The woolly umbrella is a cosmopolitan and has been found on all continents. It was found in Australia, New Zealand and Asia (India, Nepal, from the Caucasus to Siberia, Mongolia, North and South Korea and Japan), as well as in North (USA, Canada and Mexico) and South America (Chile). There is also evidence from North Africa (Algeria and Morocco). In Europe the umbrella is widespread and is probably only missing in the northernmost parts of Europe. In Norway you can find the umbrella up to the 70th parallel and in Sweden up to the 69th parallel. In the Benelux countries the umbrella is rare, in England it occurs scattered and becomes very rare towards the north. There is little evidence from Northern Ireland and it has not yet been verified in Ireland (Republic). In Germany, the Wollstiel-Schirmling is quite common in the German low mountain range, in the lowlands you can only find it along the river valleys, in the North German lowlands it is largely absent. The fungus is common throughout the Alpine countries of Liechtenstein, Austria and Switzerland.
meaning
The woolly puss is not an edible mushroom.
swell
- Paul Kirk: Lepiota clypeolaria. In: Species Fungorum. Retrieved September 19, 2013 .
- Lepiota clypeolaria. In: MycoBank.org. International Mycological Association, accessed September 19, 2013 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Marcel Bon : Parey's book of mushrooms . Kosmos, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 3-440-09970-9 , pp. 284 (English: The mushrooms and tools of Britain and Northwestern Europe . Translated by Till R. Lohmeyer).
- ^ A b Hans E. Laux: The new cosmos mushroom atlas . 1st edition. Kosmos, Stuttgart 2002, ISBN 3-440-07229-0 , pp. 124 .
- ↑ Karin Montag: Woolly pussized umbrella Lepiota clypeolaria in the virtual mushroom book. In: [1] . Retrieved September 19, 2013 .
- ↑ Belgian List 2012 - Lepiota clypeolaria. Retrieved November 14, 2013 .
- ↑ Armin Mesic & Zdenko Tkalcec: Preliminary checklist of Agaricales from Croatia. II. Families Agaricaceae, Amanitaceae, Cortinariaceae and Hygrophoraceae. In: Mycotaxon . Vol: 83, 2002, pp. 453-502 (English, cybertruffle.org.uk ).
- ↑ a b c Worldwide distribution of Lepiota clypeolaria. (No longer available online.) In: GBIF Portal / data.gbif.org. Archived from the original on December 3, 2013 ; Retrieved November 14, 2013 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ DM Dimou, GI Zervakis & E. Polemis: Mycodiversity studies in selected ecosystems of Greece: I. Macrofungi from the southernmost Fagus forest in the Balkans (Oxya Mountain, central Greece). In: [Mycotaxon] . Vol: 82, 2002, pp. 177-205 (English, cybertruffle.org.uk ).
- ↑ a b c German Josef Krieglsteiner (ed.), Andreas Gminder : Die Großpilze Baden-Württemberg . Volume 4: Mushrooms. Blattpilze II. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2003, ISBN 3-8001-3281-8 , p. 73.
- ↑ a b Grid map of Lepiota clypeolaria. In: NBN Gateway / data.nbn.org.uk. Retrieved November 14, 2013 .
- ↑ Lepiota clypeolaria. Pilzoek database, accessed November 14, 2013 .
- ^ Observado.org - Lepiota clypeolaria. Retrieved November 14, 2013 .
- ↑ NMV Verspreidingsatlas online: Lepiota clypeolaria. In: verspreidingsatlas.nl. Retrieved November 14, 2013 .
- ^ Database of mushrooms in Austria. In: austria.mykodata.net. Austrian Mycological Society, accessed November 14, 2013 .
- ↑ Jean-Pierre Prongué, Rudolf Wiederin, Brigitte Wolf: The fungi of the Principality of Liechtenstein . In: Natural history research in the Principality of Liechtenstein . Vol. 21. Vaduz 2004 ( PDF; 8.2 MB ).
- ↑ Distribution atlas of mushrooms in Switzerland. (No longer available online.) In: wsl.ch. Federal Research Institute for Forests, Snow and Landscape WSL, archived from the original on October 15, 2012 ; Retrieved November 14, 2013 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
Web links
- Lepiota clypeolaria. In: Funghi in Italia / funghiitaliani.it. Retrieved on September 19, 2013 (Italian, Gute Fotos vom Wolliggestiefelten Schirmling).
- M. Kuo: Lepiota clypeolaria. In: MushroomExpert.Com. Retrieved September 19, 2013 .