Yale (mythology)
The Yale ( Latin eale ; English yale, jall, centicore ) is a beast from European mythology and heraldry .
description
Mostly, the Yale is described as an antelope or goat - like four-legged creature with tusks of a boar and huge horns that can be turned in any direction. The name probably comes from the Hebrew יָעֵל ( yael ), which translates as "Capricorn". The horns look very similar to those of an ibex .
The Yale was first described in the 1st century AD by Gaius Pliny the Elder , in Part VIII, Book 30, of his Naturalis historia, as an eale discovered in Ethiopia , with the body size of a hippopotamus , with an elephant's tail , black or yellow-brown in color , with boar jaws and movable horns more than a cubit in length, which are alternately set up in a fight during the attack and otherwise carried inclined backwards ... The creature occurs in medieval bestiaries and in heraldry, where it is used for a strong defense stands.
heraldry
The Yale is represented among the heraldic beasts of the British royal family . It was used as a "supporter" of the armed forces of John of Lancaster, Duke of Bedford , and in the English House of Beaufort . Its association with the British monarchy began around 1485 with Henry VII Tudor . The Yale was used in heraldry by his mother, Lady Margaret Beaufort . She was a sponsor of Christ’s and St. John's Colleges , through whose entrance Yales were placed. Yales were also installed on the roof of St. George's Chapel at Windsor Castle . The Yale of Beaufort was one of Queen Elizabeth II's beasts , commissioned for her coronation in 1953 . The plaster of paris originals are now in Canada and stone copies are in front of the Palm House at Kew Gardens .
In the United States , the Yale is associated as a heraldic figure with Yale University in New Haven , Connecticut . Although the university's sports mascot is a bulldog named " Handsome Dan, " Yales can be found across campus . The Yales occupy two quadrants on the coat of arms of the Faculty of Arts and Sciences (FAS). They should playfully represent the intellectual curiosity and research urge of the FAS. A Yale is also depicted on the official banner of the university president, and the beast's head is emblazoned on its ceremonial staff. Yales were placed both above the gateway to Davenport College and clearly recognizable by the gable above the entrance to Timothy Dwight College . The student-run campus radio station "WYBCx Yale Radio" uses the Yale logo.
The basilisk
The basilisk and the Yale were enemies. According to Pliny, the basilisk is a species of snake , native to the province of Cyrenaica . It is no longer than twelve fingers (about 24 centimeters) and has a white spot on the head that decorates it like a diadem .
While the Yale sleeps, the basilisk stabs him between the eyes. Due to its strong venom, the Yale's eyes begin to swell until they eventually pop out of the head and it succumbs to the poisoning.
Web links
literature
- Carol Rose: Giants, monsters, and dragons: an encyclopedia of folklore, legend and myth . Norton, New York 2001, ISBN 0-393-32211-4 , pp. 72, 109, 403 .
- Terence H. White: The Book Of Beasts . Cape, London 1954.
Individual evidence
- ↑ George C. Druce: Notes On The History Of The Heraldic Jall Or Yale . In: The Archaeological Journal . tape 68 . London 1911, p. 173-199 .
- ^ WH St. John Hope: A Note On The Jall Or Yale In Heraldry . In: The Archaeological Journal . tape 68 . London 1911, p. 200-202 .
- ^ Susan Gonzalez: Administrator John Meeske - the bearer of the mythic beast at Commencement - to retire after four decades. YaleNews, May 2, 2014, accessed December 6, 2019 .
- ↑ Homepage of the WYBCx. Retrieved December 6, 2019 .
- ^ Pierre Gallais, Yves-Jean Riou: Mélanges offerts à René Crozet . tape 2 . Poitiers 1966, p. 1172 .