Yau Ma Tei

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Yau Ma Tei business center

Yau Ma Tei ( Chinese  油 麻 地 , Pinyin Yóumádì , Jyutping Jau 4 maa 4 dei 6 * 2 , old spelling: 油 蔴 地 ), often also written Yaumatei , is a historical area in the south of Kowloon in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region . After the administrative reform in the 1980s, there was initially the Yau Ma Tei District in 1982 , which was renamed the Yau Tsim District in 1988 . Since 1994, after the "incorporation" of the then independent smallest Mong Kok District , today's Yau Tsim Mong District emerged . In addition to the neighboring districts of Tsim Sha Tsui and Mong Kok, which are better known for tourism, Yau Ma Tei is one of the liveliest and busiest districts in Hong Kong with just as many shopping opportunities and restaurants. The wide range of shopping and goods offers as well as entertainment and relaxation options are largely aimed at the mixed local population.

etymology

Kansu street and Reclamation Street in Yau Ma Tei

The name of the neighborhood is literally made up of the characters “Yau” ( 油 , Yóu , Jyutping Jau 4 ) which means “oil”, “Ma” ( 麻 / 蔴 , má , Jyutping maa 4 ) either refers to “sesame” or “Jute”, and “Tei” ( 地 , dì , Jyutping dei 6 / dei 6 * 2 ) means “place”, “ground” or “field”. Yau Ma Tei can therefore be interpreted either as “oil” or “sesame field” or as “oil and jute ground”. The first interpretation would mean that there was something here with the cultivation or processing of sesame seeds and oil production - but this is nowhere proven. The other more likely interpretation is that this area was more related to jute and oil. The historical “stone tablet chronicle ” ( 碑記  /  碑记 , bēijì , Jyutping at 1 gei 3 ) from 1870 of the Tinhau temple of Yaumatei near Market Street shows that the area here was formerly known as “Ma Tei” ( 蔴 地 , mádì , Jyutping maa 4 dei 6 * 2 ) was known. Over time, the many fishermen in this area spread the jute cables ( 麻 纜  /  麻 缆 , málǎn , Jyutping maa 4 laam 6 ) of their fishing boats on the ground to dry them in the sun. Many tung oil shops did their business in this area and can be historically proven by a "property tax" type ( 差餉  /  差饷 , chāixiǎng , Jyutping caai 1 hoeng 2 , English rates (tax) ) here in Hong Kong. The fishermen, who lived in Hong Kong and anchored in Yau Ma Tei, used tung oil as a sealing material in the construction and repair of boats, and jute as a material for making nets and cables. So this place was gradually renamed from 1875 as "Yau Ma Tei" ( 油 麻 地 , Yóumádì , Jyutping Jau 4 maa 4 dei 6 * 2 ), literally "oil-jute area".

history

For a long time, Yau Ma Tei was not continuously inhabited and only used as an anchorage for fishermen. At that time this area was only known as “Ma Tei” ( 蔴 地 , mádì , Jyutping maa 4 dei 6 * 2 ). From 1800 the Qing government set up a military base there. After the signing of the Beijing Convention in 1860 Kowloon was ceded to the British, they settled here people from some villages that they needed for military purposes. Ma Tei evolved and was renamed Yau Ma Tei in 1875. Many objects were built, especially in the years after 1910: many large main streets such as Waterloo Road, Nathan Road and Coronation Road, the Kwong Wah Hospital, the Yau Ma Tei Pumping Station , the Kowloon Wholesale Market, later renamed the Yau Ma Tei Fruit Market , Police Station Yau Ma Tei Police Station ; In 1929 the Yau Ma Tei Theater was built , once the largest in Kowloon. The structural development culminated in Yau Ma Tei in the 1960s.

Yau Ma Tei Fruit Market

The area is now delimited to the north by Pitt Street and Waterloo Road from Mong Kok, to the south by Austin Road from Tsim Sha Tsui and to the east by Wylie Road and Princess Margaret Road from Ho Man Tin; to the west is Victoria Harbor. Yau Ma Tei is connected to the main island of Hong Kong Island - as well as to the airport - by several MTR subway lines .

Yau Ma Tei had a population of 22,218 in 2011.

Position in the administrative structure

After 1968 (and 1971), when the first new administrative structures were considered, Yau Ma Tei remained one district among others; After the first district councils were established in Hong Kong in 1977, especially after 1982 when the District Administration Scheme was gradually introduced (and the district boundaries were drawn), the district became the Yau Ma Tei District as part of this administrative reform . In 1988 it was renamed to Yau Tsim District . In 1994 the Yau Tsim District finally merged with Mong Kok District to form Yau Tsim Mong District . The actual historical area is still called Yau Ma Tei to this day .

Attractions

The following historical objects are the most famous:

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Heritage Impact Assessment Report , server of the Antiquities and Monuments Office , online at; amo.gov.hk / ... , Chapter 2, History of Yaumatei, page 5ff.
  2. ↑ 2011 Population Census - Fact Sheet for Yau Tsim Mong District Council District , information from the state office Census and Statistics Department , online at: census2011.gov.hk / ...
  3. ↑ Rename for Yau Ma Tei , report in South China Morning Post , March 19, 1988, page 3, South China Mporning Post, Historical Archive, online at: pqasb.pqarchiver.com/scmp / ... ( Short abstract free, view with costs )
  4. ↑ Devin Lin: Regulating Information Asymmetry in the Residential Real Estate Market: The Hong Kong Experience , Taylor & Francis, 2017, 296 pages, ISBN 1315315394 , page 99, online at: books.google.de / ...
  5. ↑ Public Services> District Administration , Server of the Home Affairs Department, online at: had.gov.hk / ...
  6. ↑ Ian Scott: Political Change and the Crisis of Legitimacy in Hong Kong , University of Hawaii Press, 1989, 480 pages, online at: books.google.de ...

Web links

Commons : Yau Ma Tei  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Coordinates: 22 ° 18 '46.8 "  N , 114 ° 10' 13.9"  E