Jagged edge dwarf tensioner

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Jagged edge dwarf tensioner
Jagged-edge dwarf species (Idaea emarginata)

Jagged-edge dwarf species ( Idaea emarginata )

Systematics
Order : Butterflies (Lepidoptera)
Family : Spanner (Geometridae)
Subfamily : Sterrhinae
Tribe : Sterrhini
Genre : Idaea
Type : Jagged edge dwarf tensioner
Scientific name
Idaea emarginata
( Linnaeus , 1758)

The Idaea Emarginata ( Idaea emarginata ), also Eckrandiger small clamps or floodplain Klein tensioner is called a butterfly ( butterfly ) from the family of the tensioner (Geometridae).

features

The moths reach a wingspan of 19 to 23 millimeters, the females are on average slightly smaller than the males. The wing edge of the fore and hind wings is wavy to jagged. Drawing and coloring are somewhat variable. The basic color of the wings is sandy to light brown, the females are often even orange. There are two distinct transverse lines on the forewings, only the outer transverse line on the hind wings. Between the two transverse lines there is a diffuse dark brown area, the so-called middle shadow, which can also be almost absent. It is also present on the hind wings. Clear discal spots are formed in the middle field. The edge line on the fore and hind wings is brown and not interrupted.

The slightly irregular oval egg has a slightly irregular hexagonal net pattern on the outside. It is initially red-yellow to red-brown and later becomes a little darker at both ends and in the center.

The caterpillar is relatively compact with clear constrictions. It becomes a little slimmer towards the front end. The surface has fine warts and short bristles. The dark back line is divided into two parts, the two lines enclose a fine light line between them. The ventral side is olive brown, the head relatively small and dark brown in color.

The pupa is reddish with a shiny surface. The wing sheaths stand out clearly with their greenish color. The tenth trunk segment is significantly darker. It is 7.6 mm long and 2.8 mm in diameter. The Kremaster is about as long as it is wide at the base. There are four pairs of hook-shaped bristles, but they are shorter than the Kremaster long.

Geographical distribution

The main distribution area of ​​the species is central and western European. It occurs to the south of the British Isles, southern Scandinavia and southern Finland, in eastern Europe to the Urals. It is absent in northern Italy and Bulgaria. Outside of Europe, the species has already been detected in the Altai Mountains , Turkmenistan , Western Siberia and the Caucasus .

habitat

The serrated dwarf species occurs in wet areas, in moors and damp mixed forests, on meadows and in cultivated land. The species occurs most frequently in small birch groves on the edge of silting moors, with abundant vegetation of blue pipegrass ( Molinia caerulea ). Exceptionally, it is also observed on dry sandy areas. In many areas, such as the low mountain range, the species is rare or absent. The vertical distribution extends from the flatlands to around 600 meters above sea level, in the southern Alps also up to 1,300 meters.

Way of life

The species forms one generation per year whose moths fly from June to August. An incomplete second generation can also occur in favorable regions. The males hatch about two weeks before the females. The moths rest in the vegetation during the day, but can be scared off easily. They become active at dusk and early at night. They are only moderately attracted to artificial light sources and only come to light occasionally. Occasionally they are also observed on the bait .

The caterpillars are polyphagous grow relatively slowly and eat, among other things winches ( Convolvulus ), birch ( Betula ), alder ( Alnus ), hazel ( Corylus ), Labkräutern ( Galium ), plantains ( Plantago ), sedum ( Sedum ), broom ( Cytisus scoparius ), rubus , bedstraws ( Galium ), plantain ( Plantago ), sedum ( Sedum ), broom broom ( Cytisus scoparius ), knotweed ( Polygonum ) and sorrel ( Rumex acetosella ). The following plants have also been fed in breeding: common dandelion ( Taraxacum officinale ), knotweed ( Polygonum aviculare ), common groundsel ( Senecio vulgaris ) and garden lettuce ( Lactuca sativa ). The caterpillars overwinter.

Systematics

The species was first scientifically described in 1758 by Carl von Linné under the original name Phalaena Geometra emarginata . It was then described under six other names that are synonyms .

Danger

The species is not endangered in Germany.

swell

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Red Lists at science4you
  2. ↑ Jan Pactočka: The pupae of the tensioners (Lepidoptera, Geometridae) Central Europe: subfamily Sterrhinae. Bonn zoological contributions, 51 (4): 269–296, Bonn 2002 ISSN  0006-7172 PDF ( Memento from May 17, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) (2.9 MB)

literature

  • Arno Bergmann: The large butterflies of Central Germany. Volume 5/1: Spanner. Distribution, forms and communities. Urania-Verlag, Jena 1955, DNB 450378403 .
  • Günter Ebert (Hrsg.): The butterflies of Baden-Württemberg Volume 8, Nachtfalter VI (Spanner (Geometridae) 1st part), Ulmer Verlag Stuttgart 2001. ISBN 3-800-13497-7
  • Walter Forster , Theodor A. Wohlfahrt : The butterflies of Central Europe. Volume 5: Spanner. (Geometridae). Franckh'sche Verlagshandlung, Stuttgart 1981, ISBN 3-440-04951-5 .
  • Axel Hausmann: The Geometrid moths of Europe, 2nd Sterrhinae. Apollo Books, Stenstrup 2004, ISBN 8-788-75737-4
  • Manfred Koch , Eduard Schütze: We determine butterflies. Volume 4: Spanner of Germany. Neumann, Radebeul / Berlin 1961, DNB 452481945 .

Web links

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