Idaea (genus)

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Idaea
Broad-banded perennial spanner (Idaea aversata)

Broad-banded perennial spanner ( Idaea aversata )

Systematics
Class : Insects (Insecta)
Order : Butterflies (Lepidoptera)
Family : Spanner (Geometridae)
Subfamily : Sterrhinae
Tribe : Sterrhini
Genre : Idaea
Scientific name
Idaea
Treitschke , 1825

Idaea is a species-rich genus from the butterfly family of Spanner (Geometridae). In Europe there are over 100 species, in Central Europe there are still around 36. The main distribution of the genus, however, is in the African savannas, the arid regions of Central Asia and the Mediterranean.

features

The front wings of the moths are usually relatively narrow. The hind wings are usually very similar to the forewings in drawing and color. With a few exceptions, the hind wings are not bent or tailed. The front transverse line is missing on them, but the middle transverse line is relatively close to the root. The eyes are relatively large in relation to closely related genera. The forehead is flat and smooth. A proboscis is usually present; however, he has the trend towards reduction. The tympanic organs show no sexual dimorphism as in many closely related genera.

The eggs mostly show a reticulate surface pattern, with others the longitudinal lines are somewhat stronger than the transverse lines.

The caterpillars are relatively stocky in many species, with strong transverse constrictions and lateral keels. In many species they develop extremely slowly (sometimes up to 12 months).

The doll has six hook-shaped, very thin bristles on the cremaster .

Occurrence and habitat

The genus is widespread around the world, but the main areas of diversity are in the Mediterranean, the African savannas and the arid regions of Central Asia. Most species can therefore be described as thermophilic, preferring more dry areas.

Phenology and way of life

The species in the genus are plurivoltin to univoltin . The moths are generally very local and do not move far from their original habitat. Some species are diurnal or diurnal and crepuscular. They are attracted to artificial light sources. The caterpillars are mostly polyphagous , but prefer dried or wilting parts of the plant. Few species are detritus or seed eater. If a winter break is taken, overwintering takes place as a caterpillar.

Systematics

The genus was proposed by Georg Friedrich Treitschke in 1825 . The type species of the genus Idaea is Idaea aversata ( Linnaeus , 1758). Only two months later Jacob Huebner proposed the genus Sterrha with Geometra sericeata Huebner as a type species. Since this species is very closely related to Idaea aversata and can be placed in the same genus, Sterrha is a younger, subjective synonym of Idaea . However, the name of the subfamily and the tribe, Sterrhinae Meyrick, 1892 and Sterrhini, respectively, is based on this name. Since these have found general recognition, they must not be replaced by names based on Idaea . In total there are about 30 younger synonyms for Idaea . 123 European species of the genus are listed in the Lepiforum, Hausmann names 107 European species. Overall, the genus should contain around 680 species.

List of European species (according to Lepiforum):

swell

literature

  • Walter Forster , Theodor A. Wohlfahrt : The butterflies of Central Europe. Volume 5: Spanner. (Geometridae). Franckh'sche Verlagshandlung, Stuttgart 1981, ISBN 3-440-04951-5 .
  • Günter Ebert (Ed.): The butterflies of Baden-Württemberg Volume 8, Nachtfalter VI (Spanner (Geometridae) 1st part), Ulmer Verlag Stuttgart 2001. ISBN 3-8001-3497-7
  • Axel Hausmann: The Geometrid moths of Europe, 2nd Sterrhinae. In A. Hausmann (Ed.): The Geometrid Moths of Europe 2. Apollo Books, Stenstrup 2004, ISBN 87-88757-37-4

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Lepiforum Geometridae in Europe
  2. ↑ Lepiforum - Geometridae in DACH
  3. ↑ Axel Hausmann: The Geometrid Moths of Europe, 2. Sterrhinae. In A. Hausmann (Ed.): The Geometrid Moths of Europe 2. Apollo Books, Stenstrup 2004, ISBN 87-88757-37-4 , p. 35
  4. ↑ Friedrich Weisert: A new Sterrhinae from the Canary Islands: Idaea curvata sp.n. (Lepidoptera: Geometridae). Journal of the Arbeitsgemeinschaft Oesterreichischer Entomologen, 57 (3-4): 107-109, Vienna 2005
  5. ^ Francisco Javier Gaston and Victor Redondo: Idaea davidi sp. n. de Sierra Nevada (Andalucia, Espana) (Lepidoptera: Geometridae, Sterrhinae). Boletín de la SEA / Sociedad Entomológica Aragonesa, 36: 51-55, Zaragoza 2005 ISSN  1134-6094

Web links

Commons : Idaea  - collection of images, videos and audio files