Sterrhinae

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Sterrhinae
Broad-banded perennial spanner (Idaea aversata)

Broad-banded perennial spanner ( Idaea aversata )

Systematics
Class : Insects (Insecta)
Order : Butterflies (Lepidoptera)
Superfamily : Geometroidea
Family : Spanner (Geometridae)
Subfamily : Sterrhinae
Scientific name
Sterrhinae
Meyrick , 1892

The Sterrhinae are a large subfamily of the Spanner (Geometridae), which are counted among the moths within the butterflies . Worldwide over 2800 species are currently known within this subfamily. Over 75 species occur in Central Europe.

features

They are mostly small moths that are nocturnal and hide in the vegetation during the day. There are a few diurnal species. Most species have a proboscis with which they can ingest food. In some species, however, it is also functionless or stunted. The eggs are flattened and the caterpillars are usually slender. They live on withered leaves or dried leaves. Pupation takes place in the ground or between spun leaves.

Systematics

The subfamily Sterrhinae is basically a younger synonym of Idaeidae Butler , 1881. Since this name has rarely been used in the literature and Sterrhinae has gained general recognition, this name is retained. Even within the Sterrhinae, priority is not strictly observed.

It is currently divided into eight tribes (only genera occurring in Europe are listed):

The tribe Lythriini with the genus Lythria Huebner , 1823 and the species Lythria cruentaria ( Hufnagel , 1767) was transferred from the subfamily Larentiinae to the subfamily Sterrhinae in 2008.

Phylogeny

The subfamily is described in the more recent work by Abraham et al. (2001) and most recently in Õunap, Viidalepp & Saarma (2008) as the sister group of the Larentiinae. However, the phylogeny within the Sterrhinae is still a bit controversial. In both cladograms two lines are postulated, the Timandrini line (Timandrini,) and the Scopulini line (with). While in the two cladograms by Holloway (1997) and Abraham et al. (2001) the Sterrhini are basal in the Scopulini line, in the cladogram by Sihvonen and Kail (2004) (and modified by Õunap, Viidalepp and Saarma (2008)) the Rhodostrophiini are basal within the Scopulini line. Cladogram of the Sterrhinae according to Holloway (1997):

  Sterrhinae  


 Timandrini 


   

 Rhodometrini 


   

 Cosymbiini 


Template: Klade / Maintenance / 3

   




 Rhodostrophiini 


   

 Cyllopodini 




   

 Scopulini 



   

 Sterrhini 




Template: Klade / Maintenance / Style

Cladogram of the Sterrhinae according to Sihvonen & Kaila (2004) and modifications by Õunap, Viidalepp & Saarma (2008)

  Sterrhinae  


 Cosymbiini


   


 Rhodometrini


   

 Lythriini



   

 Timandrini




   


 Rhodostrophiini


   

 unsure


   

 Cyllopodini


   

 unsure


   

 Sterrhini


   

 Scopulini









Template: Klade / Maintenance / Style

Further morphological and molecular genetic investigations are certainly necessary in order to finally clarify the cladogenesis of the tribes within the Sterrhinae.

swell

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ In the revision of the Scopulini tribe, Pasi Sihvonen (2005) only recognizes seven genera, two of which occur in Europe.
  2. ↑ Erki Õunap, Jaan Viidalepp & Urmas Saarma: Systematic position of Lythriini revised: transferred from Larentiinae to Sterrhinae (Lepidoptera, Geometridae). Zoologica Scripta, 37 (4): 405-413, Oxford 2008 doi : 10.1111 / j.1463-6409.2008.00327.x

literature

  • David Abraham, Nils Ryrholm, Håkan Wittzell, Jeremy D. Holloway, Malcolm J. Scoble, Christer Lofstedt: Molecular phylogeny of the subfamilies in Geometridae (Geometroidea: Lepidoptera). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 20 (1): 65-77, San Diego 2001 doi : 10.1006 / mpev.2001.0949
  • Axel Hausmann: The Geometrid moths of Europe, 2nd Sterrhinae. Apollo Books, Stenstrup 2004, ISBN 8-788-75737-4
  • Erki Õunap, Jaan Viidalepp & Urmas Saarma: Systematic position of Lythriini revised: transferred from Larentiinae to Sterrhinae (Lepidoptera, Geometridae). Zoologica Scripta, 37 (4): 405-413, Oxford 2008 doi : 10.1111 / j.1463-6409.2008.00327.x
  • Malcolm J. Scoble: Geometrid moths of the world, a catalog. CSIRO, Collingwood & Apollo Books, Stenstrup 1999, ISBN 8-788-75729-3
  • Pasi Sihvonen and Lauri Kaila: Phylogeny and tribal classification of Sterrhinae with emphasis on delimiting Scopulini (Lepidoptera: Geometridae). Systematic Entomology, 29: 324-358, Oxford 2004 doi : 10.1016 / j.ympev.2006.12.027
  • Pasi Sihvonen: Phylogeny and classification of the Scopulini moths (Lepidoptera: Geometridae, Sterrhinae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 143: 473-530 London 2005 doi : 10.1111 / j.1096-3642.2005.00153.x .

Web links

Commons : Sterrhinae  - collection of images, videos and audio files