Braunschweig colliery
| Braunschweig colliery | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| General information about the mine | |||
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| other names | Braunschweig colliery at Reinhardtsberge | ||
| Funding / year | up to approx. 30,000 t | ||
| Information about the mining company | |||
| Employees | until approx. 25 | ||
| Start of operation | 1748 | ||
| End of operation | 1886 | ||
| Funded raw materials | |||
| Degradation of | Hard coal | ||
| Geographical location | |||
| Coordinates | 51 ° 25 '38.3 " N , 7 ° 19' 34.6" E | ||
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| Location | Bommern | ||
| local community | Witten | ||
| District ( NUTS3 ) | Ennepe-Ruhr district | ||
| country | State of North Rhine-Westphalia | ||
| Country | Germany | ||
| District | Ruhr area | ||
The Braunschweig colliery is a former hard coal mine in Bommern . The colliery, also known as the Braunschweig colliery on Reinhardtsberge , was in operation between 1748 and 1886 with several interruptions. It consisted of two wings, the north wing and the south wing. The mining area of the north wing extended to the Frielingshausener Höfe and the mining area of the south wing extended to the Turteltaube colliery . The mine belonged to the Brandenburg Mining Authority District and there to the Hardenstein mining district .
history
The beginnings
On 5 July 1748 was carried presumption followed by degradation in the north wing. The tunnel mouth hole was located east of the current field railway museum on Nachtigallstraße. From 1750, the south wing was dismantled by the trades Johann Peterhundiker and Gerhard Peter Merklinghaus. The carbons were degraded by the miners using carts from the tunnel promoted . The coal was then loaded onto carts for days and transported over the mountains to the Wupper and the Ennepe . On February 6, 1751 was carried out ceremony of the length field Braunschweig north wing in the seam Mausegatt. Mining took place in both wings with separate tunnels , which were about 100 meters apart. Mining was first carried out above the bottom of the tunnel east of Steinhausen Castle . The mine soon faced competition from the mines in the Schlebusch mining area.
The further operation
The mine continued to operate between 1754 and 1783. From 1770 onwards, the entire production of the mine was transported to the opposite side of the Ruhr , where it was sold. At that time, JH Robbert was working as a shift supervisor at the mine, J. Stratmann was working as an inspector and chopper. From 1780, some of the coal extracted was loaded onto river boats. From 1783 the mine was only in operation in the north wing. The coal in the north wing, however, was not as solid and as lumpy as the coal in the south wing. In May 1789 the first shutdown took place due to a lack of sales. From 1800 the south wing was in operation again. On January 30, 1821, the south wing consolidated into the Louisenglück colliery . From 1828 onwards, the mine in the north wing was given time limits and from 1830 work was carried out, but there was no dismantling. On April 25, 1832, below the Johannes Erbstollen sole, the north wing was united to form the United Nightingale. The reason for this association, which was not a consolidation , was the construction of a civil engineering structure and was used exclusively for self-mining with the extraction of coal in a common shaft . There was no operation above the bottom of the Erbstollen. In the years that followed, the Louisenglück colliery had the Jupiter shaft sunk and then continued to build it at a depth of 27 meters in the seam of the Braunschweig colliery.
On March 6, 1837 and January 9, 1838, the north wing was consolidated, below the sole of the St. John's Erbstollen, to form the United Nightingale colliery. From July 1844, the north wing was resumed via the Sankt Johannes Erbstollen sole and day-to-day operations were redeveloped. However, the south wing remained out of service. In the north wing, the coal piers still standing above the tunnel were then dismantled. From July 1847, the north wing was again set in time limits. In 1855 an agreement was made to pump out the pit water from the north wing of Braunschweig from the Nachtigall Tiefbau . In addition, the mined coal should also be extracted via Nachtigall Tiefbau. For this purpose, solution and funding agreements were concluded between the two mines. From 1857, the north wing was put back into operation via the St. Johannes Erbstollen sole. The solution and funding was provided by the Nachtigall civil engineering mine. These measures were carried out over the 5th level and the 6th level of the Nachtigall underground mine. In 1861 the construction site was taken over by the Nachtigall Tiefbau colliery. From 1865 the north wing was again in operation independently. In the years 1875 and 1876 it was again set in time limits. In 1882 the north wing was put back into operation again, the coal mined by the Nachtigall Tiefbau colliery. In 1886 the Braunschweig colliery was finally closed and on June 20 of the same year the miners de-registered the colliery.
Promotion and workforce
The first workforce numbers are known from 1754, in that year a miner was working on the colliery. Although hard coal was mined as early as 1750 , the first production figures are only known from 1845. This year, between nine and twelve miners, 51,401 bushels were extracted. The coal was in the years 1750 to 1770, first with wheelbarrows promoted from the tunnel. Then she was transported by load horses or carts over the mountains to the Ennepe or the Wupper. From there, the coal was transported to Cologne or Bonn. From 1770 almost all of the mine production was transported to the other side of the Ruhr, where it was then sold. From 1785 the coal was loaded onto ships and transported. In 1857, eleven miners extracted 14,950 Prussian tons , that is 3,887 tons. In 1859, the maximum production of the mine was achieved with 26 miners, it was 28,842 Prussian tons. In 1865, 4,409 tons of hard coal were mined. In 1869 the production fell to 2402 tons. In 1883, thirteen miners extracted 3,330 tons. The last workforce and funding figures are known from 1885, in that year 2,538 tons of hard coal were extracted with six miners.
Todays use
All that remains of the Braunschweig colliery is the southern tunnel mouth hole. From the tunnel mouth hole, which is located in Muttental, water flows out after rainfall or in damp weather. The tunnel mouth hole is the only relic that reminds of the time of the Braunschweig colliery.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l Joachim Huske : The coal mines in the Ruhr area. Data and facts from the beginning to 2005 (= publications from the German Mining Museum Bochum 144) 3rd revised and expanded edition. Self-published by the German Mining Museum, Bochum 2006, ISBN 3-937203-24-9 .
- ↑ a b Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Eighth volume, published by the royal and secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1860
- ↑ a b c d e f Gerhard Koetter (Ed.): Mining in the Muttental. 1st edition, Druckstatt Wöhrle, Witten 2001, ISBN 3-00-008659-5 .
- ↑ a b c Gerhard Koetter (Ed.): From seams, tunnels and shafts in the Muttental. 1st edition, Klartext Verlag, Essen 2007, ISBN 978-3-89861-612-6 .
- ↑ R. v. Carnall (Hrsg.): Journal for the mountain, hut and saltworks in the Prussian state. Fifth volume, published by Wilhelm Hertz , Berlin 1858
- ↑ Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Sixth volume, published by the royal and secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1858
- ↑ Braunschweig gallery - south wing (last accessed on November 5, 2012)
- ^ The early mining on the Ruhr: Stollenmundloch Braunschweig Südflügel (accessed on May 9, 2014)
Web links
- Early mining on the Ruhr: Braunschweig colliery (last accessed on November 5, 2012)
- Early mining on the Ruhr: Historical map around 1840 (last accessed on November 5, 2012)
- Early mining in the Ruhr: Map of the situation around 2000 (last accessed on November 5, 2012)