Victor colliery
| Victor colliery | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| General information about the mine | |||
 Port Victor, right, on the south side of the canal |
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| Funding / year | up to approx. 2.5 million t | ||
| Information about the mining company | |||
| Start of operation | 1877 | ||
| End of operation | 1973 | ||
| Successor use | Commercial space | ||
| Funded raw materials | |||
| Degradation of | Hard coal | ||
| Geographical location | |||
| Coordinates | 51 ° 34 '35.3 " N , 7 ° 18' 5.1" E | ||
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| Location | Rauxel | ||
| local community | Castrop-Rauxel | ||
| District ( NUTS3 ) | Recklinghausen | ||
| country | State of North Rhine-Westphalia | ||
| Country | Germany | ||
| District | Ruhr area | ||
The colliery Victor was a coal - mine in Castrop-Rauxel in the Ruhr area .
history
1871-1910
As early as the 1860s, several independent mining companies were looking for hard coal reserves in the area around the villages of Rauxel and Ickern .
In 1871, several mine fields were consolidated by Friedrich Grillo and the banker Ernst Waldthausen under the mine field names Victor and Ickern . The newly founded Victor union began in 1872 with the sinking of the Victor 1 shaft on Wartburgstrasse.
After some technical difficulties caused by water inflows, the final depth was reached in 1875 . The shaft received a Malakow tower and was fully operational in 1877.
The economic stability of the Victor union enabled a rapid expansion of the daytime facilities . Due to the risk of firedamp in the mine, a weather shaft was sunk from 1884 to 1887 southeast of the first shaft .
In 1887 August Thyssen bought Kuxe from the Victor union . This intensified the cooperation between the Victor union and a large mining company in the Ruhr area. This was also noticeable through further expansion measures in the daytime facilities.
In 1890, shaft 1 was fitted with a drawn-in headframe on the Malakow tower. In addition to shaft 1, shaft 2 was sunk from 1888 to 1890, which was subsequently expanded to become a double-pumping shaft. Furthermore, a coking plant was built next to shaft 1/2 and a mine-owned port on the Rhine-Herne Canal .
In 1899 the development of the north-eastern part of the field began. First, shaft 3 was sunk in Habinghorst . This went into operation in 1905 after some technical difficulties. However, it was planned from the outset to open up through a double shaft system. Therefore, from 1901 to 1907, next to shaft 3, shaft 4 was sunk. This was expanded as a central conveyor shaft and provided with a double conveyor.
In 1905 another coking plant was put into operation at the Victor 3/4 shaft .
Furthermore, the old weather shaft in the south-east field was provided with a small conveyor system and henceforth run as the Victor 5 shaft .
1910-1945
In subsequent years the established union Victor the union leakage to the northeast of Victor 3.4 to build a port facility. The Ickern colliery arose from this .
In 1910, both unions were acquired by the Lothringer Hüttenverein Aumetz-Friede AG , which made the Victor and Ickern collieries part of a large mining company.
The annual coal production reached the value of 1.2 million tons of fatty and gas coal with a coke production of 800,000 tons. For a short time, a briquette factory for edible coal briquettes was operated on shaft system 1/2 .
After the First World War , the ownership structure of the Victor trade union and the Lothringer Hüttenverein had to be reorganized, also because of the separation of Lorraine from the German Empire as a result of the Treaty of Versailles . The deputy chairman of the supervisory board, Peter Klöckner , dissolved the ironworks association and the trade unions in 1922 and took over the Victor and Ickern collieries into Klöckner-Werke AG. A conveyor system was established between Victor 3/4 and Ickern 1/2 .
From 1923 to 1924, the Zeche Victor was occupied by French troops as part of the Ruhr War.
In 1934, in the vicinity of the Victor 1/2 shaft, a newly established Victor union established extensive chemical plants for the purpose of carbohydrate hydrogenation . As a result, the Victor colliery was increasingly the target of Allied bombing attacks towards the end of the Second World War .
During the war, the joint extraction of Victor and Ickern reached the value of 2.5 million tons annually.
Both coking plants had to be shut down in 1945 due to excessive damage. Furthermore, the funding network between Victor and Ickern was initially dissolved again.
1945–1973
After the war, the Klöckner works were unbundled in accordance with the instructions of the Allied Control Council. The mining operations belonging to the group were split up into individual companies, which in turn became part of Klöckner-Bergbau Victor-Ickern AG and other subsidiaries from 1953 .
The new coking plant on shaft 3/4 went into operation in 1948. The production soon reached 1.3 million tons of coal annually with 5,600 employees.
From 1955 the production on the shaft system 1/2 was stopped. Tray 1 was teilverfüllt, the shafts 2 and 5 remained as Seilfahrt -, weather and drainage wells in operation.
Between 1960 and 1962, the Victor 6 weather shaft between Victor 1/2 and Victor 3/4 was sunk. After it was put into operation, shafts 1, 2 and 5 were dropped and finally filled . Furthermore, the production network with the Ickern colliery was put back into operation, with the production being increasingly shifted to the Ickern 1/2 mine .
In 1968 the mine became the property of Ruhrkohle AG .
In 1970 the joint venture from Victor-Ickern reached a value of 2.23 million tons of coal.
Shutdown
As part of the overall adaptation plan for the Ruhr mining industry , the least productive plants or the plants with the likely shortest lifespan were gradually taken out of service.
Therefore, the Victor 3/4 coking plant was shut down in 1972. It was also decided to shut down the entire plant for the next financial year.
The last shift took place on September 30, 1973.
This was followed by the backfilling of the shafts and the demolition of the daytime facilities .
Current condition
On the areas of the Zeche Victor 1/2 and the Zeche Victor 3/4 , commercial settlements have gradually taken place, some outbuildings and parts of the colliery walls can still be seen. The former colliery port, now Port Victor, on the Rhine-Herne Canal is used to land coal. In addition, middle-class parks are being built on the former colliery grounds, which are mainly planted with birch trees.
literature
- Wilhelm Hermann, Gertrude Hermann: The old mines on the Ruhr. 6th expanded and updated edition, Verlag Karl Robert Langewiesche, successor Hans Köster KG, Königstein i. Taunus, 2006, ISBN 3784569943