Tithe trot
The Zehntentrotte is a building in Küsnacht and a cultural asset of national importance . It is the oldest preserved wooden building in the canton of Zurich .
history
The tithe trot was first mentioned in a document in 1290, when the then folk priest Konrad von Tengen exchanged it on May 20th for a plot of land in the Küsnacht church. A dendrochronological examination showed that an oak was felled for a post in 1320, and firs were felled for two more in the winter of 1335/36. Wine was stored and processed in the Trotte , which had been paid as a fee ( tithe ).
On March 24, 1409 Abbot Heinrich von Kappel sold the Trotte for 200 pounds to Commander Johannes Staler from the Johanniterkommende Küsnacht : Koufft die Trotten by dem see um cash from an apt to Capell. After the Reformation , when the Commandery was abolished, the building was given to the state and later it became private property again.
In the 16th century the building was extended on the mountain side. At the beginning of the century before last, the fixtures were built in the eastern part of the core building.
In 1934 the Seeclub Küsnacht was able to rent from the owner at the time, the psychiatrist Theodor Brunner (1877-1956). In 1950 the municipality of Küsnacht acquired the Trotte. Various plans for the use of the building, including a wine museum, were not implemented. The Seeclub now uses the building as a boathouse .
From 1999 to 2002 the building structure was checked. The facades were freed from cement and supplemented with mineral plaster. In addition, the concrete floor along the outer wall was removed and replaced with coarse gravel so that the moisture from the floor could no longer penetrate directly into the masonry.
The Zehntenhaab belonged to the Zehntentrotte , and for decades it was the only mooring and transshipment point for ships in the area. The large fresco of Christophorus , patron saint of travelers, could be seen from far out in the lake.
Frescoes
The 13 meter long lake side of the Zehntentrotte is decorated with a late Gothic fresco cycle , a unique example of church painting on a secular building.
The pictures are likely to have been made around 1410 and were probably commissioned by Commander Johannes Staler after he had acquired the building. Presumably during the Reformation at the time of the iconoclasm , the frescoes were covered with plaster that was two centimeters thick. On the western side of the south facade, a Johanniter coat of arms remained undiscovered below the roof. Secondary school teacher and village chronicler Armin Eckinger pointed out the possibility of a fresco frieze on the lake side, whereupon the facade was stripped of plaster in 1932 by the Zurich company Christian Schmidt. The upper parts protected by the eaves have been preserved.
From the left they first show two coats of arms, 112 by 95 centimeters : the white church flag hung on three rings on a red background of Werdenberg - Montfort , from which Count Hugo acquired the Georgskirche in 1358 for the benefit of Johanniter. This is followed by the jumping up hunting dog, presumably from Commander Hermann Schulthess von Gebwiler, the predecessor of Commander Johannes Staler, who wanted to use it as a memorial to him.
A baptism scene follows : to the left of the bare Christ stands John the Baptist , to the right of him an angel wearing the red robe of Christ. After a tree, which is only hinted at, Saint Martin rides a lavishly bridled white horse and cuts off part of his coat in order to give it to the beggar next to it.
The next image shows the Mother of God, wrapped in a blue cloak, with the baby Jesus and a golden scepter. The praying figure to the right of her is likely to be a representation of the founder, whose intellectual status is indicated by a tonsure . The lower part of the tape can no longer be deciphered. The remaining text reads "Ora pro me mater ..." can be added to "Ora pro me mater misericordiae": "Pray for me, Mother of Mercy."
Heraldic shields Montfort and Schulthess von Gebwiler
Baptism of Jesus
Martin of Tours
Mother of God with baby Jesus
Next to it are the Evangelist John with the eagle on his shoulder, St. Laurentius with the grate and James the Elder with a pilgrim's hat and scallop shell .
The figure of Christophorus , which originally reached down to the ground, is on a larger scale. His right hand grips a torn tree that served as a stick when he waded through the water. The baby Jesus stretches out his right hand in a blessing, his left hand holds the globe with the cross.
The end of the series is again formed by two coats of arms held in equal dimensions. On the left the coat of arms of Commander Hermann Schultheiss, Commander of Küsnacht 1396–1400, on the right the war cross of the Johanniter .
The name of the painter is not known.
Johannes, Laurentius and Jakobus d. Ä.
Christopher
Coat of arms Schultheiss and Johanniter
literature
- Hermann Fietz: Art Monuments of the Canton of Zurich , Volume II, Birkhäuser Verlag, Basel 1945.
- Armin Eckinger: The fresco cycle on the tithe trot. In: Küsnachter Jahresblätter 1972 , online
Web links
- Martin Illi: Küsnacht (ZH). In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
Individual evidence
- ↑ A-Objects ZH 2018 . Swiss inventory of cultural assets of national importance. In: babs.admin.ch / kulturgueterschutz.ch. Federal Office for Civil Protection FOCP - Department of Cultural Property Protection, January 1, 2018, accessed on December 26, 2017 (PDF; 163 kB, 32 pages, updated annually, no changes for 2018).
- ↑ www.zh-kirchenspots.ch
- ↑ Birgit Hahn-Woernle: Christophorus in Switzerland: His adoration in pictorial and cultic testimonies , 1972, p. 94 ( [1] )
- ↑ Description of the frescoes ( Memento from May 17, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 7 kB)
Coordinates: 47 ° 18 '55.2 " N , 8 ° 34' 45.2" E ; CH1903: 686236 / 241122