Zemun high school
| Zemun high school | |
|---|---|
|
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| Main entrance (the old part) | |
| type of school | high school |
| founding | 1858 |
| place | Belgrade - Zemun |
| district | Belgrade |
| Country | Serbia |
| Coordinates | 44 ° 50 '29 " N , 20 ° 24' 39" E |
The Zemuner Gymnasium ( Serbian Земунска гимназија Zemunska gimnazija ) is one of the 17 Belgrade grammar schools and is located in the city park of the Belgrade district of Zemun .
history
founding
The grammar school was founded on September 23, 1858 in Semlin - then still Austria-Hungary - by the decree of the Bishop of Đakovo , Josip Juraj Strossmayer , as the tenth grammar school in the area of today's Serbia , after the grammar schools in Sremski Karlovci (1792), Subotica (1795) Novi Sad (1810), Kragujevac (1833), Zaječar (1837), Čačak (1837), Šabac (1837), Belgrade (1839) and Zrenjanin (1846).
In the first year of its activity it had 21 students and one class. The Zemuner Gymnasium has had all four classes since 1872.
From the First World War
During the First World War the Zemuner Gymnasium had problems with normal activities. Troops of the Austro-Hungarian military were housed in the high school building because the nearby barracks were insufficient for the needs of the war.
From 1925 on, girls were allowed to enter the Zemun Gymnasium for the first time, but until 1958 they were admitted separately to the boys 'and girls' high schools. The boys' grammar school was located on the Zemuner Markt, on the corner of Gospodska ulica and Veliki trg (Great Square) next to the Franciscan parish church, in the building of today's Zemun Interior Department. The girls’s grammar school was located in today's Zemun grammar school, in the Stadtpark (then Elisabeth Park , named after the murdered Empress Elisabeth , known as Sissi). The girls' high school - then called the Große Realschule - was added in 1914 and shared the building with the women's business academy . It is interesting that only one student graduated from high school in 1900.
The new time
The grammar school has existed in its current form since 1958 and was created through the merging of the girls 'and boys' grammar schools. Today it is attended by around 1,300 students, divided into four levels, with ten classes each, half of which belong to the social language and half of the natural mathematics direction.
The surrounding
The school is located in the city park in Zemun between the Majke Jugović primary school, the primary school of Branko Radičević , one of the oldest schools in Belgrade, and the agricultural faculty, where, according to tradition, high school graduates take their high school diploma in the amphitheater. In the immediate vicinity are the Pinki sports center and the primary music school, the Kosta Manojlović medium music school , the Orthodox monastery sv. Arhangela Gavrila, the Catholic Church of Sv. Roka, and the Franciscan Church. There are also the primary schools Svetozar Miletić and Majka Jugovića, the home for airship travel, the Zemun hospital and the monastery of the Sisters of Mercy.
architecture
The current building was built in 1879 by the architect Nikola Kolar from Zagreb on the site of the former quarantine area, immediately after the land was transferred from military property to the property of the municipality. It has a basement, a ground floor and two floors. It was designed to be representative and monumental. Its shape is in the neo-renaissance style . The main facade is particularly emphasized with a flat, central risalit . The facades are divided into three zones, the lowest of which is made of solid cuboids, the middle is quieter and the higher is emphasized with plastic . The building has a single-wing system with corridors to the courtyard and the classes to the park. All the principles of historicist architecture, as in the composition as well as in the decoration, were consistently incorporated into the spatial and surface schemes of the building.
The building of the large secondary school represents the best example of its style in the old core of Zemun and testifies to the high level of development of the Zemun school system.
The high school building from 1916
City Park No. 1, on the corner of Nemanjina Street
In the building trade department of the state government in 1912 the plans for the expansion and extension of the Zemuner Gymnasium and the commercial academy associated with it were drawn up. The plans are signed with VR. The concept of the plan was to close down the building block, which was done with the construction of a new building in 1916.
The engineer Sima Ignjatović supervised the work. They were carried out by the master bricklayer and carpenter Mijo Matias from Osijek . The investor of the building was the queen of the Kotor region from Zemun. It is interesting that the committee that received the projects in Zemun did not agree that the new building should be built in a modern style and demanded that it be stylistically combined with the old building “in the Renaissance style”. The building is shaped in the post-secessionist spirit, with vaulted decoration, so that the primary architectural elements-masses, especially the roof elements, have formed a general spatial composition of the object. The mansard roofs and the large window openings applied to this building brought new elements to the architecture of the old core of Zemun. The interior layout in the single wing system repeats the layout of the older building, but the general program and content are significantly more modern. The building represents one of the first express, modern, architectural works of the old core of Zemun.
Both buildings of the Zemuner Gymnasium bear witness to the development of architecture, the school system and education in Zemun over the course of two centuries. They are protected as a unique monument complex. Recently, a reconstruction of the facade on the old part of the Zemuner Gymnasium has been carried out. The decorative lighting work has also been completed.
Side facade
Facade from Nemanjina Street
Facade to the park
High school at night
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Škalamera, Željko. The old core of Zemun II , Belgrade: ZZOKGB: 1967
- ↑ a b c Škalamera, Ž. The old core of Zemun I , Belgrade: ZZOKGB: 1966
- ↑ Dabižić, Aleksandra. Heritage of the Old Core of Zemun , SD Edition, Belgrade: Institute for the Protection of Cultural Monuments of the City of Belgrade, 2006
- ↑ Aleksandra Dabižić, Das Zemuner Gymnasium, catalog, ZZOKGB, Belgrade 2011