Lemon Warbler
| Lemon Warbler | ||||||||||||
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Lemon Warbler ( Protonotaria citrea ) |
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name of the genus | ||||||||||||
| Protonotaria | ||||||||||||
| SF Baird , 1858 | ||||||||||||
| Scientific name of the species | ||||||||||||
| Protonotaria citrea | ||||||||||||
| ( Boddaert , 1783) |
The lemon warbler ( Protonotaria citrea ) is a showy, bright yellow-orange bird in the wood warbler family (Parulidae) and the only species in the genus Protonotaria .
features
The plumage is olive green on top with blue-gray wings and tail feathers. There are white spots on the outer feathers. The underside is yellow. The head of the males is yellow-orange; yellow in females and juveniles. Overall, the plumage of the females and young birds is more blunt. In relation to the body, they have a black, long, pointed bill, black to dark gray legs and black eyes. Your body length is around 14 centimeters.
Reproduction
Lemon wood warbler breed next to the red rump wood warbler ( Leiothlypis luciae ) as the only species of wood warbler in tree hollows, such as abandoned woodpecker holes. In addition to tree hollows, nest boxes are also used. The breeding season begins in mid-April and can extend to July. The male arrives in the breeding areas before the female. It cushions several nesting possibilities in its territory with moss, which the female examines. When the female has decided on a nest and thus on the owner, she continues to expand the nesting cavity. The clutch consists of four to six eggs that are hatched over a period of 12 to 14 days. Both parent animals take part in the rearing of the young birds.
nutrition
Lemon warbler feed on insects that they find in rotten wood or in dense vegetation, snails and crustaceans . In winter they add nectar and fruits to their menu .
Habitat and Threat
The habitats of the lemon warbler are found in wooded swamps, predominantly flooded hardwood forests and cypress swamps, and in areas along large lakes or rivers in southern Minnesota and Ontario, as well as central Texas and Florida, among others . To hibernate, they migrate overland to the south of Mexico in Central America and the north of South America and often inhabit mangrove forests or areas along the Atlantic coast. Habitat destruction such as the draining of wet areas or the destruction of mangrove forests are endangering the populations of the lemon warbler. The brown-headed cowbird ( Molothrus ater ), which, as a brood parasite, occasionally lays its eggs in the nests of the lemon warbler, plays a minor role in the endangerment .
literature
- Jon Curson, David Quinn, David Beadle: New World Warblers. Helm, London 1994, ISBN 0-7136-3932-6 .
Web links
- Videos, photos and sound recordings of Protonotaria citrea in the Internet Bird Collection
- Protonotaria citrea in the endangered Red List species the IUCN 2008. Posted by: BirdLife International, 2004. Retrieved on January 2 of 2009.