Customs guard
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|---|---|---|---|
| State level | Federation | ||
| At sight | Federal Ministry of Finance | ||
| founding | October 10, 1830 as a border guard | ||
| Dissolved | July 1, 2005 | ||
| Headquarters | Vienna | ||
The customs guard was set up as a border guard in October 1830 , making it the oldest guard in Austria , responsible for monitoring the customs border and the crossing points. The customs guard was subordinate to the Federal Ministry of Finance and was disbanded in July 2005 when it was transferred to the Federal Police .
With the accession of the Eastern and Central European EU member states on May 1, 2004, the customs guard was closed due to a political decision of the federal government in 2003. As an interim solution, only 50 officials at Vienna-Schwechat airport continued their duties; the remaining employees were assigned to the Federal Gendarmerie and the Federal Security Guard Corps. Since July 1, 2005 there has definitely been no customs guard, at the same time the federal gendarmerie, federal security guard corps and criminal police corps merged to form the federal police .
The main task of the customs guard was the customs control and collection of duties when goods were imported into Austria. The prevention and detection of smuggling as well as the transfer of illegal goods such as drugs or species-protected animals were among the tasks.
There were customs offices both at the customs border with foreign countries and in the interior of the country, e.g. B. at the customs stations . In Vienna, instead of today's Wien-Mitte station, the main customs office was located; so named because the main customs office was in the immediate vicinity . From 1995 the service was carried out jointly with the Federal Gendarmerie, which was responsible for identity checks.
With the entry into the Schengen Agreement and the free movement of goods, not only within the EU , but also with the EEA countries Switzerland and Liechtenstein , customs at the western and southern borders became obsolete. Many officials had to move to the country's eastern border. Thanks to the free movement of goods with the new member states, they were no longer necessary there. Many of the officers switched to the service of the Federal Gendarmerie, which continued to carry out identity checks, or the Federal Security Guard Corps. The federal gendarmerie also tried to prevent illegal border crossings together with the armed forces.
The appropriate successor to the customs guard is the Operative Customs Supervision (OZA).
Corps badge
The customs guard's corps badge showed three stretches of road running towards the Austrian border. The symbol of the Austrian state and territorial sovereignty, which ends at the closed Austrian border bar, related to the activity of the customs guard, the customs sovereignty. An armed eagle hovering freely over the border bar symbolizes the customs guard and their ability to defend themselves and their vigilance. Semicircular the corps badge is from one half of each bay and Eichenlaub existing ring as symbols for integrity and duty faithful enclosed.
Historical
The customs guard was set up on October 10, 1830 under the then name Gränzwache with around 15,000 men for all crown lands of the monarchy of the House of Austria under the direction of the kk general court chamber, later the finance ministry. In Veneto and Lombardy it was called Guardia di Finanza . In 1843 it was renamed the kk Finanzwache when it was merged with the Gefieftwache . The ranks of the teams were - in ascending order - overseer (ranked with the kuk army corporal), superintendent (leader) and respicient (sergeant); In each commissarial district a respondent had the position of a senior respondent (for example: sergeant major ). The officer ranks were Commissar (Hauptmann), Ober-Commissär (Major), (Gränz-) Inspector (Lieutenant Colonel) and Oberinspector (Colonel); the kk Finanzwache had no equivalent of the army ranks lieutenant and first lieutenant. Due to the provisions of the Customs Act of 1920, the Finanzwache was renamed Zollwache. In 1938, the customs guard was integrated into the customs border guard of the Reich Finance Administration and only in 1945 returned to the Federal Ministry of Finance.
Individual evidence
- ^ Legal Gazette for the State of Austria: Announcement of the Ministry of Finance of October 30, 1858
Web links
Federal Customs Administration ( Germany ) |
Operational customs supervision ( Austria ) |
Federal Customs Administration ( Switzerland ) |
Border Guard Corps (Switzerland)
Agenzia delle Dogane ( Italy ) | Guardia di Finanza (Italy) | Canada Border Services Agency ( Canada ) | Muitinės departamentas ( Lithuania ) | Muitinės kriminalinė tarnyba (Lithuania) | Servicio de Vigilancia Aduanera ( Spain ) | United States Immigration and Customs Enforcement ( USA ) | United States Customs and Border Protection (USA)
International:
Directorate-General for Taxation and Customs Union ( European Union ) |
European Anti-Fraud Office (OLAF; European Union) |
Euro customs duty (European Union) |
World Customs Organization
Historical:
Customs Border Guard ( German Reich 1937–1945 ) |
Customs Administration of the GDR |
Customs Guard (Austria) |
Immigration and Naturalization Service (USA)