Zschepa
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Zschepa
Zeithain parish
Coordinates: 51 ° 21 ′ 12 " N , 13 ° 15 ′ 55" E
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| Area : | 5.68 km² | |
| Residents : | 116 (December 31, 2014) | |
| Population density : | 20 inhabitants / km² | |
| Incorporation : | 1937 | |
| Incorporated into: | Lorenzkirch , Gohlis | |
| Postal code : | 01619 | |
| Area code : | 03525 | |
Location of Zschepa in Saxony |
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Zschepa is a right side of the Elbe situated district of the Saxon community Zeithain in the district of Meissen .
geography
The place is located directly on the Elbe between the places Gohlis and Lorenzkirch on the Elbe Cycle Path . To the west of Zschepa lies Forberge on the other side of the Elbe , and to the northwest lies the town of Strehla . Around 1900 the place was described as two separate row villages Kleinzschepa and Großzschepa, which were surrounded by corridors with a total size of 568 hectares. The Gohrischheide lies east of Zschepa.
history
Development of the place name
The place name Zschepa is of Slavic origin. It has undergone many changes over time and it was not until 1581 that the current place name was used.
| year | Place name | year | Place name |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1262 | Schepe | 1442 | Cscheepp, Sczepp, Czepp |
| 1262 | Heinricus de Chephe (assignment uncertain) | 1540 | Schepe |
| 1270 | Schepe | 1555 | Schope |
| 1287 | Hermannus miles de Tzepe (assignment uncertain) | 1583 | Zschepa |
| 1350 | Zcepe | 1791 | Zscha§be |
| 1406 | Schep | 1818 | Zschopau |
In 1262 Zschepa was first mentioned as a place and as a manor of Heinricus de Chephe, also in 1287. Around 1550 Zschepa was administered by the Mühlberg office. The village was an official village. Until the 18th century, Zschepa was a Vorwerk or a supplement from the Cottewitz manor . A manor is not mentioned until 1764. The village changed hands often. In 1583 the Quedlinburg bailiff, Hieronymus Pflugk Zschepa, owned the Baroness von Kayserlingk in 1752, then a Mr. Walther and around 1860 Mr. Egidy von Kreinitz .
Zschepa and its neighboring towns Lorenzkirch, Cottewitz , Kreinitz and Lorenzkirch are the lowest places in Saxony. For this reason, the place often suffered from floods and huge ice blocks in winter. The resulting damage to fields and buildings was enormous and had to be restored with great effort. In the years 1784, 1799, 1820, when 5 farms caught fire in Großzschepa at the same time, and in 1828, as well as during the summer floods in 1815 and 1826, when the crops were destroyed in the fields, there was great misery, which was alleviated by mutual help and donations . Despite the frequent floods, the farmers stayed there because the floodwaters regularly fertilized the soil and were very fertile. In 1820, however, 2 of the burned down houses were rebuilt higher up on the former vineyards. By building dykes, flood damage and frequency could be reduced.
In 1841 Zschepa was divided into Großzschepa and Kleinzschepa. Großzschepa with a size of 19.5 hooves consisted of 10 keepers, 1 windmill, 1 blacksmith and 9 house and garden food. These were partly created from abandoned vineyards that originally belonged to the Cottewitz manor. In 1841, Kleinzschepa consisted of 22 house foods and 1 ship mill.
The children went to school in Lorenzkirch. From 1764 Zschepa belonged to the Grossenhain office and from 1856 to the Strehla court office . The Saxon rural community order of 1838 gave the place independence as a rural community. In 1856 there were 40 houses in Großzschepa and Kleinzschepa with a total of 296 inhabitants. The post mill, which still exists today, was built in 1872. It is a destination for hikers and cycle tourists who like to rest there. From 1875 the village belonged to the Oschatz district administration .
In the 19th century there was a ferry service between Zschepa and Forberge. In 1861 a fisherman from Zschepa was granted a revocable license for the first time. After his death in 1880, it was recalled. The ship's helmsman's successor, August Waurentsch, renounced the ferry service in 1890 because the ferry was not profitable. The Amtshauptmannschaft Meißen as Elbstromamt decided on February 27, 1890 to finally cease the ferry justice.
In 1925, 299 residents of Zschepa were Evangelical Lutheran , 2 residents were Catholic . The residents of the place have always been parished to Lorenzkirch. The church there is part of the Zeithain church game. In 1937 Kleinzschepa was incorporated into Gohlis and Großzschepa into Lorenzkirch. Saxony came to the Soviet occupation zone after the Second World War and later to the GDR. After the territorial reform in 1952, Zschepa was assigned to the Riesa district in the Dresden district . After reunification and reunification , the village became part of the newly founded Free State of Saxony . Zschepa assigned the following regional reforms in Saxony to the Riesa-Großenhain district in 1994 and to the Meißen district in 2008. Zschepa has been part of the Zeithain community since 1999.
Zschepa has also suffered from natural disasters in recent times. During the flood of the century in August 2002, the Elbe dam broke between Lorenzkirch and Zschepa. As a result, the buildings and agricultural areas behind them ran full of water. In Zschepa, 10 of the 34 plots damaged by the flood were only habitable to a limited extent and 8 were even uninhabitable.
During the flood of June 2013, the dam between Lorenzkirch and Zschepa broke again. The water stood 1.80 m high around houses and in the fields. The inhabitants of the surrounding villages on the Elbe were partially evacuated. Currently (2015) work is still going on to repair the damage.
Population development
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The population increased continuously until 1925 a maximum of 301 was reached, since then it has decreased again. After the incorporation into Lorenzkirch and Gohlis, no more official population figures were collected. In 2007 Zschepa still had 130 residents.
Memorials
Several war cemeteries northeast of Zschepa commemorate the victims of the prisoner-of-war team main camp Stalag 304 (Stalag IV-H) Zeithain.
- Zschepa I prisoner of war cemetery formerly "Russian cemetery, military training area, parcel 58"
- A stele is set up in the middle of the cemetery. A total of 8,500 Soviet prisoners of war are buried in 36 mass graves.
- Zschepa II prisoner of war cemetery formerly "Russian cemetery, military training area, hunting 84"
- The cemetery is located next to Zschepa I. From September 1944 until the liberation on April 23, 1945, Soviet prisoners of war were buried in 8 mass graves at the cemetery. 453 former forced laborers and prisoners of war who were actually waiting to return home died as a result of their imprisonment and were buried in individual graves until December 1945. A granite obelisk erected in 1948 rises in the middle of the cemetery.
literature
- Saxony's church gallery. 7th volume. The Grossenhain, Radeberg and Bischofswerda inspections . Dresden 1840. Page 181 ( Die Parochie Lorenzkirch. ), Accessed on March 27, 2015
- Saxony's church gallery. 7th volume. The Grossenhain, Radeberg and Bischofswerda inspections . Dresden 1840. Page 199 ( Die Parochie Lorenzkirch decision. ), Accessed on March 27, 2015
Web links
- Zschepa in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
- Zschepa on the website of the Zeithain community, accessed on March 26, 2015
Individual evidence
- ^ Zschepa in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
- ↑ Ferry Vorberge- Zschepa Km 114.0. In: Ferries and shipping on the Upper Elbe in Saxony and Bohemia. Klaus Stein, accessed March 31, 2015 .
- ↑ Dam break between Lorenzkirch and Zschepa. In: Sächsische Zeitung regional edition Riesa from 11.06.2013 online. Jane Pabst, accessed April 13, 2020 .
- ^ Zschepa in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
- ↑ Zschepa I prisoner-of-war cemetery, formerly “Russenfriedhof Truppenübungsplatz, Parzelle 58” , on the Saxon Memorial Foundation - Zeithain grove of honor, accessed on March 31, 2015.
- ↑ Zschepa II prisoner-of-war cemetery, formerly “Russenfriedhof Truppenübungsplatz, Jagen 84” , at the Saxon Memorial Foundation - Zeithain Grove of Honor, accessed on March 31, 2015.
Cottewitz | Gohlis | Jacobsthal | Kreinitz | Lorenzkirch | Moritz | Neudorf | Promnitz | Röderau-Bobersen | Zeithain | Zschepa