Hörblacher lake area
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Two lakes
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| location | Schwarzach am Main - Hörblach , Lower Franconia , Bavaria , Germany | |
| Geographical location | 49 ° 47 ' N , 10 ° 13' E | |
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The Hörblach Lake District is an area with several quarry ponds and natural waters in the area of the Schwarzach district of Hörblach in the Lower Franconian district of Kitzingen . Two lakes, the so-called Botanical Garden and the Sphagnum , are listed as natural monuments under the name Zwei Seen .
Geographical location
Today the Hörblach lake area consists of a total of ten bodies of water (two more are the remainder of what was once a larger lake), which begin in the northeast and form an arc around the village. The two lakes, protected as natural monuments, are, however, a bit away from the village in the south-east, immediately north of the federal motorway 3 . In addition, the federal road 22 / state road 2271 limits the lake area to the north and west. The district road KT 12 cuts through the lake landscape.
The larger lakes around the village were all created as quarry ponds during the extraction of sand and gravel in the period after 1962. In total they take up an area of about 60 hectares . Several dredged lakes have been backfilled and the area is used as arable land. Only the smaller lakes near the motorway are of natural origin and were used by the community as early as the first half of the 20th century.
history
The two natural lakes near the federal motorway were declared natural monuments by the authorities at the time on March 18, 1941. In the 1950s the lower of the lakes was almost completely dry because 80 to 100 geese of the community were grazing there and the natural condition of the water was destroyed. At the same time, the construction of the Main Canal led to a lowering of the groundwater. As early as 1949, a report by the lower nature conservation authority came to the conclusion that the lake had "lost its original value".
After the community had finished grazing the area, the lake and the surrounding meadows slowly recovered. Another intervention was the construction of the Federal Motorway 3 from 1962. The “Botanical Garden”, the larger of the two lakes, lost about one hectare of area and is only 4.3 hectares today. The construction of the motorway also destroyed large parts of the adjacent meadows , known as the " reed bog ".
The Kitzingen-based company Lenz-Ziegler-Reifenscheid, which is also responsible for removing sand and dredging the lakes, is promoting the renaturation of the Hörblach lakes. The two lakes north of the KT 12 district road are to be opened for fishing in the future, while the large bathing lake is to be expanded as a recreational area. Only the lakes south of the village are converted into eco cells . A study from 2017 came to the conclusion that the Hörblach Lakes could be one of the potential attractions for tourism in the municipality. Use by water sports and the designation of RV parking spaces were discussed. Today several display boards provide information about the biological diversity on and in the lakes.
Flora and fauna
The two small, protected lakes of the Hörblach lake area have a diverse flora and fauna. Sedge grasses (Cyperaceae), butterflies (Pinguicula), creeping willows (Salix repens) and various types of orchids (Orchidaceae) grow on the adjacent meadows . In the swampy areas near the “Sphagnum” lake there is arnica (Arnica montana), the swamp eye and the wood lice herb (Pedicularis sylvatica).
The quarry ponds are being converted into diverse biotopes through renaturation measures. There are nesting sites for the Marsh Harrier (Circus aeruginosus), and the beaver (Castoridae) has settled on the northern lakes. The stocking of crayfish (Astacus astacus) has ensured that they are native to most of the lakes. In addition, the painter's mussel (Unio pictorum) and the symbiotic bitterling (Rhodeus amarus) can be found in the lakes.
The largest lake, now used as a bathing lake, is home to several species of birds. Different types of railing (Rallidae) and the heron (Aythya fuligula) and the mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) occur there. Great crested grebes (Podiceps cristatus) and swans (Cygnus) are attracted. Black godwit (Limosa limosa), sandpipers (Calidris) and little ringed plover (Charadrius dubius) feel at home along the sandy shoreline. Several floating leaf zones are the place for different aquatic plants.
literature
- Andreas Pampuch: Natural monuments, nature and landscape protection areas . In: District Administrator and District Council of the District of Kitzingen (Hrsg.): District of Kitzingen . Münsterschwarzach 1984. pp. 49-54.
- Monika Sebold: The natural monuments, nature and landscape protection areas in the Kitzingen district. Allow . Würzburg 1971.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Sebold, Monika: The natural monuments, nature and landscape protection areas in the district of Kitzingen . P. 35.
- ↑ Sebold, Monika: The natural monuments, nature and landscape protection areas in the district of Kitzingen . P. 37.
- ↑ LZR: LZR brochure renaturation , PDF file, pp. 13-16, accessed on March 4, 2019.
- ↑ Main-Post: Hörblacher Lakes as a treasure , accessed on March 4, 2019.
- ↑ Sebold, Monika: The natural monuments, nature and landscape protection areas in the district of Kitzingen . Pp. 35-37.
- ↑ LZR: LZR brochure renaturation , PDF file, p. 15, accessed on March 6, 2019.