Gusset (noble family)

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Coat of arms of the gusset

Zwickel (also Zwickl or Zwiggel , Zwickel in Wayer or Zwickel zum Weyer or Khisl called Zwikhl or Zwickel called Khiesl ) was the name of a Styrian noble family who were also wealthy in Austria .

history

Weyer Castle near Judenburg , in 1596 the noble seat was expanded to its present form
Hainfeld Castle

The family with Bartholomäus Zwickel appears for the first time in a document in 1410 at the Weyer residence near Judenburg , which originated from a farm (Sandhof). Bartholomäus Zwickel in Weyer, documented in 1490, was born with the knightly Dorothea. Gräßwein married. His son Christoph Zwickel was the imperial head chef. At the beginning of the 16th century, Wilhelm Gräßwein, Truchsess of Emperor Maximilian I , acquired the Sandhof and first expanded it into a small noble residence.

In the 16th century, the Zwickl family also sat at Schrattenberg Castle . In 1610, Bartlmä Zwickl's widow sold the already heavily indebted property to Wolf von Eggenberg .

In 1573 Wolf Zwickl († 1582) succeeded, who through his wife Amalie nee. Winkler had acquired a quarter at Hainfeld Castle to combine the entire estate in his hand. Five years later he was enfeoffed with the rule. He was the father of Georg Bartholomäus Zwickel (around 1560–1605), who was the father of the Imperial Chamberlain Baron Georg Bartholomäus Zwickel (* around 1600–1656), who was born in 1623 by Emperor Ferdinand II under the name Kisel ( Kissel , Kiesel , Küssel , Khiessl , Khiesl , Khysl ) was raised to the count status ( Georg Bartlme Khisl called Zwikhl Graff ) because he was born to his widowed and remarried mother Maria. von Thannhausen adopted son and universal heir of the Imperial Chamberlain Hans Jakob Kisel (1565–1638), since 1618 Lord, since 1622 Count von Gottschee and since 1620 owner of the lordship of Marburg and the city ​​castle in Marburg an der Drau . His grandfather was Veit Khisl, who was mayor of Laibach around 1560 . The latter obtained the letter of nobility from Emperor Ferdinand I in 1554 , owned the noble seat of Kaltenbrunn am Laibach and was accepted into the knighthood in 1569 .

Fulfilling the wish of his deceased adoptive father, Count Khissl, Count Georg Bartholomeus Zwickel called Khissl, with the imperial permit received in 1640, built a monastery in Feldbach near Schloss Hainfeld for the Franciscans , who moved into it in 1647. Also in 1640 Georg Bartholomeus received from Emperor Ferdinand III. Confirmation of the name and coat of arms inherited from Count Khissl as well as the imperial count status . Georg Bartholomeus sold the inherited county of Gottschee and the rule of Pölland in 1641 to Count Wolf Engelbert von Auersperg .

The building completed by Count Georg Bartholomeus Zwickel called Khissl in 1642, then as a Franciscan monastery, today a school building, in Feldbach

The full title of Count Georg Bartholomeus Zwickel called Khissl († 1656) was Count von Khisl and Gottschee (bored Zwickl Freyherr), Freyherr zu Gannowitz and Kaltenbrunn, Lord zu Khiseleck, Reiffnitz, Mahrburg, Hainfelden, Schrattenberg, Colonel Erbland Jägermeister in Carniola and in the Windischen Mark, and Oberster Erb-Truchseß in Gorizia, Imperial Chamberlain . Because of the sale of the Grafschaft Gottschee in 1641, the title of the only son Johann Jakob Bartholomä was as follows: Count von Khisl, Freyherr zu Kaltenbrunn, and Gannowitz, Herr zu Mahrburg, Hainfelden etc., Supreme Hereditary Land Jägermeister in Krain and in the Windischen Mark, and Supreme Erb-Truchseß in Gorizia, imperial chamberlain and in Austria government council .

With the death of Count Johann Jakob Bartholomäus, the gussets (called Khiesl) became extinct in the male line in 1691. He was married to a daughter of the Imperial Field Marshal Count Raimondo Montecuccoli and sister of General Prince Leopold Philipp Montecuccoli . His widow only died in 1733 at the age of 84 in St. Pölten , where she was buried in the Franciscan monastery. The only daughter, Countess Maria Eleonore Khiesl, brought the rule of Hainfeld into the marriage with Count Leopold Joseph Orsini-Rosenberg in 1695 . Widowed, she sold the estate to Count Wenzel Karl von Purgstall in 1710. The rule of Marburg an der Drau (today Maribor) in Lower Styria came through Countess Anna-Maria Zwickel called Khiesl (1643–1703) in 1727 to her son Jakob Graf Brandis (1677–1746).

coat of arms

The talking coat of arms of the gusset shows three silver gussets in the red shield to the left , framed by two silver strips . On the helmet with red and silver covers two buffalo horns, the right one red, the left one silver.

Coat of arms of the Khisl, raised to the baron status in 1590, in Siebmacher's coat of arms book from 1605

The Counts Khisl carried a squared shield, covered with a split heart shield , inside on the right in blue an upright silver triangle (ancestral coat of arms of the Khisl), on the left in red a gold crowned silver lion. Field 1 split: on the right gold divided over red, the whole covered with an upright, inward-looking crowned snake, which is accompanied in the lower field by three (2: 1) silver balls. The other half of the 1st field shows an upwardly curved silver sloping bar in red, from which three silver linden leaves grow at the top. Fields 2 and 3 show a resting, inward-looking black buffalo in gold. Field 4 is like field 1, only the halves are swapped. Three crowned helmets rest on the shield, on the right one with red and gold covers a closed flight, marked like the snake shield image in field 1 of the main shield, on the middle one with blue and silver covers a brackish trunk of ermine, the ear with a blue one Oblique cross covered (later also shown as a silver lion's trunk), on the left with black and gold covers a closed flight, divided gold over black. The difference to the coat of arms issued by Emperor Rudolf II as a baron as early as 1590 , as is still shown in 1605 in Johann Siebmacher's coat of arms, is the count's crown that covers the heart shield. This coat of arms was also given to Count Georg Bartholomeus Zwickel in 1640. Khissl († 1656), inherited from his adoptive father, by Emperor Ferdinand III. approved.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ General historical lexicon, p. 316
  2. ↑ Full description ( digitized version )
  3. ^ A b Carl Schmutz, Historisch-topographisches Lexicon von Steyermark, Volume 4, 1823, p. 443
  4. ^ General historical lexicon, Volume 4, p. 316
  5. ^ Johann Christian von Hellbach , Adels-Lexikon , Volume 2, p. 838
  6. ^ Franz Karl Wißgrill, Schauplatz des Nieder-Oesterreichischen Nobility, Volume 3, p. 272
  7. ^ General historical lexicon, p. 316
  8. ^ Franz Karl Wißgrill, scene of the rural Lower Austrian nobility, Volume 3, p. 374 f.
  9. ^ Weyer Castle near Judenburg
  10. ↑ Schrattenberg (Murtal) (accessed on July 3, 2016)
  11. ^ Joseph von Hammer-Purgstall , Die Gallerinn auf der Rieggersburg , 1845, p. 163
  12. ^ Krones, Franz von, "Khiesel von Kaltenbrunn" in: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie 15 (1882), p. 708 ( online version )
  13. ^ Description of the Duchy of Steyermark , 1773, p. 65
  14. ^ Anton Klein, History of Christianity in Austria and Styria , Volume 5, p. 175
  15. ^ A b c d Franz K. Wißgrill, Karl von Odelga, scene of the rural Niederösterr. Adels , 1804, p. 106
  16. ↑ Constantin von Wurzbach : Purgstall, Wenzel Karl Graf . In: Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich . 24th part. Imperial and Royal Court and State Printing House, Vienna 1872, p. 88 ( digital copy ).
  17. ^ Oesterreichische National-Encyclopädie, (W to Z and Supplement), Volume 6, Vienna 1838, p. 631
  18. ^ Franz K. Wißgrill, Karl von Odelga, scene of the rural Niederösterr. Adels , Volume 5, 1804, p. 107