11 April

The April 11 is the 101st day of the Gregorian calendar (102nd in leap years ), thus remaining 264 days until the end of the year.

Historic anniversaries March · April · May

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Events

Politics and world events

• 0217 : In Mesopotamia , three days after the murder of the Roman emperor Caracalla, the soldiers elect Macrinus as his successor after the army preferred Marcus Oclatinius Adventus refused the dignity of emperor on the grounds of his age. He is the first emperor who does not belong to the senatorial class.
• 0491 : After the death of Zenon , on the initiative of his widow Ariadne Anastasios I is proclaimed Emperor of the Byzantine Empire in Constantinople . Zenon's bypassed brother Flavius ​​Longinus was proclaimed counter- emperor a little later .
• 0882 : Battle of Remich : Under the leadership of Bishop Wala von Metz , a Frankish army is defeated by the Vikings , who are on a raid, near Remich in what is now Luxembourg.
• 0901 : After an invasion of Hungary , a troop on the way back is defeated by a contingent of Bavarian knights on the Danube tributary Fischa east of Vienna.
• 1111 : With Pope Paschal II and numerous ecclesiastical dignitaries being taken hostage , Emperor Heinrich V enforces the Treaty of Ponte Mammolo, in which he is granted unlimited investiture , and his coronation as emperor on April 13th. In doing so, he provisionally decided the investiture dispute in favor of the empire.

1241: Battle of Muhi

• 1241 : In the battle of Muhi the Mongols under Batu Khan defeat the army of the Hungarian king Béla IV at the time of the Mongol storm in Europe . The Hungarian army is almost completely destroyed, but Bela himself is able to flee.
• 1403 : The Italian city-states Siena and Florence settle a long-term conflict, which Gian Galeazzo Visconti also promoted, through a peace treaty.

1499: The battle in Schwaderloh

• 1499 : The battle in Schwaderloh in Thurgau ends as the first major battle of the Swabian War with a victory for the Confederates over the troops of the Swabian Federation .
• 1512 : Gaston von Foix , Duke of Nemours , wins the Battle of Ravenna for France against the troops of the Holy League under Ramón Folch de Cardona during the Italian Wars , but is killed in the process.
• 1593 : The Fortaleza de Jesus de Mombaça fortress in Mombasa , newly built by the Portuguese , is given its intended purpose. It should secure the sea ​​route to India .
• 1677 : In the Battle of Cassel , French troops win over Dutch troops in the Dutch War .
• 1689 : Following the success of the Glorious Revolution in England , William of Orange and his wife Mary are jointly crowned King and Queen of England at Westminster Abbey . It is a double coronation that is unique in Europe to this day.

1713: Europe after the Peace of Utrecht

• 1713 : The War of the Spanish Succession ends with the Peace of Utrecht . The Bourbone Philip V is recognized as King of Spain , but has to forego all Spanish territories except the home country and the overseas colonies . The Spanish Netherlands and the Italian mainland possessions go to Austria , the Kingdom of Sicily to Savoy . Great Britain receives Gibraltar and Menorca .
• 1758 : Great Britain supports Prussia during the Seven Years' War with the promise of funds and help from newly formed soldiers from Kurhannover .
• 1803 : The French Senator François Barbé-Marbois offers the US diplomats Robert R. Livingston and James Monroe , who actually only came to Paris to negotiate the acquisition of New Orleans , the entire colony of Louisiana . The offer for the Louisiana Purchase thus affects all French properties west of the Mississippi River .
• 1814 : The allies of the coalition wars submit an agreement to Napoléon for signature, which provides for his unconditional abdication as ruler in France and Italy . It regulates his exile to Elba . Napoléon signs the contract two days later after attempting suicide the night before.

1822: Chios massacre

• 1822 : An Ottoman fleet lands on the island of Chios in the Aegean Sea and massacres the Greek inhabitants. The greater part of the residents are deported into slavery. The only ones who are spared for the time being are the mastic farmers. The massacre is a reaction to the struggle for independence of all Greeks .
• 1847 : The First United State Parliament is opened in the Berlin Palace with a speech by Friedrich Wilhelm IV .
• 1909 : The Israeli settlements Ahuzat Bayit, Nahalat Binyamin and Geula are amalgamated into a city that is called Tel Aviv after the Hebrew translation of the utopian novel Old New Land by Theodor Herzl .
• 1919 : The International Labor Organization begins its work.
• 1919 : After protests by the Korean resistance against Japan's colonial rule , a Korean government-in-exile is founded in Shanghai, China, with the help of Rhee Syng-man and Kim Gu .
• 1940 : The city of Łódź , since April 1, government capital of Wartheland , during the German occupation of Poland in World War II after the late General Charles Litzmann in Lodz renamed.
• 1941 : One day after the proclamation of the Independent State of Croatia following the defeat of the Yugoslav state by the German armed forces in the Balkan campaign , Colonel Slavko Kvaternik founds the Hrvatsko domobranstvo , the Croatian Home Guard .
• 1945 : Neumarkt in der Oberpfalz experiences the second Allied bombing raid during World War II .

1945: Prisoners in Buchenwald concentration camp

• 1945 : American troops liberate Buchenwald concentration camp , where resistance groups have already formed. The Mittelbau-Dora concentration camp in Nordhausen was liberated on the same day .
• 1951 : The US President Harry S. Truman relieves the commander of UN forces in Korea and commander of US forces in Southeast Asia, General Douglas MacArthur , at the express wish of his post and replaced him with General Matthew Ridgway .
• 1954 : April 11, 1954 was, according to the British programmer William Tunstall-Pedoe, "The boring day of the 20th century" because the fewest significant events would have taken place on this date.
• 1961 : The trial of the former SS-Obersturmbannführer and head of the Reich Security Main Office , Adolf Eichmann, who had previously been kidnapped from Argentina, begins in Israel .

1968: Memorial plaque for Rudi Dutschke

• 1968 : Rudi Dutschke , one of the leading figures in the German student movement , is critically injured by three shots fired by unskilled worker Josef Bachmann .
• 1979 : Tanzanian troops, supported by Ugandan resistance groups, march into the Ugandan capital Kampala in the second Uganda-Tanzania war and force dictator Idi Amin to flee.
• 1985 : Enver Hoxha , the unrestricted political leader of Albania , dies of heart failure in Tirana at the age of 76. His successor will be his deputy Ramiz Alia .
• 1996 : To end the shelling of Northern Israel by Hezbollah launches Israel on the orders of Prime Minister Shimon Peres , together with the South Lebanon Army , the Operation Grapes of Wrath against Lebanon , which will last until April 27.
• 2002 : In Tunisia , the attack on the Al-Ghriba synagogue on Djerba takes place , in which 21 people die. In June, al-Qaeda committed to the act.
• 2002 : During a strike against the Venezuelan President Hugo Chávez , snipers from various groups shoot both supporters and opponents of the president. 19 people are killed and around 300 injured.
• 2006 : The Israeli cabinet decides to declare the ailing Prime Minister Ariel Sharon permanently incapacitated. His deputy Ehud Olmert takes over the office.

economy

• 1854 : The Frankfurter Bank is established as the central bank of the city-state Free City of Frankfurt .
• 1895 : The brothers Auguste and Louis Lumière apply for a German patent on their cinématograph , which is a film camera and projection apparatus in one.
• 1959 : After the Vienna Newspaper War , the first edition of the Neue Kronen Zeitung, founded by journalist Hans Dichand with financial support from the ÖGB , appears .

1966: Hercules Railway railcar

• 1966 : In Kassel , the Herkulesbahn , a narrow-gauge railway for passenger and freight traffic in the Habichtswald , finally ceases operations after 64 years.
• 1980 : The United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (CISG) drafted by UNCITRAL for the international sale of goods is passed in Vienna. It comes into force on January 1, 1990.

science and technology

• 666 BC Chr .: The historically significant lunar eclipse of 10./11. April is recorded in Babylon on a cuneiform tablet.

1779: Messier 60 (middle)

• 1779 : Johann Gottfried Köhler finds two galaxies in the Virgo galaxy cluster, which the second discoverer Charles Messier cataloged a little later as Messier 59 and Messier 60 .
• 1785 : The German-British Wilhelm Herschel tracks down the galaxies NGC 4393 and NGC 4889 in the constellation Haar der Berenike .
• 1825 : The British astronomer John Herschel discovers the galaxy cataloged as NGC 4416 in the constellation Virgo .
• 1834 : John Herschel discovers the distant star cluster NGC 294 in the constellation Toucan .

1970: The astronauts from Apollo 13

• 1970 : NASA starts the Apollo 13 lunar mission from the Kennedy Space Center in Cape Canaveral with Jim Lovell , Jack Swigert and Fred Haise on board. After one of the two oxygen tanks in the service module exploded, the third moon landing had to be aborted, but the three astronauts were safely brought back to earth in a dramatic rescue operation that received worldwide attention.
• 1980 : The radio contact with the lander of the NASA space probe Viking  2 breaks off due to the failure of the lander on-board battery.
• 1997 : The April 11 of each year as the birthday of James Parkinson by the European Parkinson's Disease Association as World Parkinson's Day proclaimed.
• 2006 : The European space probe Venus Express of the space agency ESA reaches the orbit of the planet Venus .

Culture

• 1727 : In the Leipzig Thomas Church is Johann Sebastian Bach's St. Matthew Passion premiered.
• 1823 : The romantic opera Sulmona by Peter Joseph von Lindpaintner has its world premiere in Stuttgart.

1833: Nestroy's The Evil Spirit Lumpazivagabundus

• 1833 : The magic posse The evil spirit Lumpacivagabundus by Johann Nestroy is premiered at the Theater an der Wien . Nestroy himself and Wenzel Scholz play the leading role in the piece belonging to the Alt-Wiener Volkstheater , for which Adolf Müller senior wrote the music.
• 1871 : The opera Mirjam by August Klughardt is premiered in Weimar.
• 1888 : The Concertgebouw in Amsterdam opens. The architect Adolf Leonard van Gendt was mainly inspired by the Leipzig Gewandhaus for the construction .
• 1893 : The opera Magic Ring by Isaac Albéniz is premiered at the Prince of Wales' Theater in London.
• 1915 : The silent film The Tramp (The Vagabond) by Charlie Chaplin , with himself in the lead role, hits theaters.
• 1929 : The Babylon cinema in Berlin opens as a silent film cinema .
• 1932 : The epic play The Holy Johanna of the Schlachthöfe by Bertolt Brecht is broadcast as a world premiere in the radio version by the Berliner Rundfunk .

1936: Rodgers and Hart

• 1936 : The musical On Your Toes by Richard Rodgers with music lyrics by Lorenz Hart has its premiere on Broadway at the Imperial Theater. With the book musical created in collaboration with George Abbott , Rodgers and Hart attempt for the first time to use ballet as a story-based part of the play structure. The choreography is by George Balanchine .
• 1961 : Bob Dylan has in New York City made his debut as a singer in Gerdes' Folk City in Greenwich Village , Manhattan.
• 1982 : Die Toten Hosen , consisting of Campino , Andreas von Holst , Andreas Meurer , Michael Breitkopf , Trini Trimpop and Walter November, give their debut concert in the Bremen slaughterhouse , but are announced as "Die Toten Hasen" due to a misprint.

1983: Ben Kingsley

• 1983 : Richard Attenborough's feature film Gandhi receives eight awards at the Academy Awards , including Best Picture. Ben Kingsley receives the Oscar for Best Actor.

society

1912: The course of the Titanic's maiden voyage

• 1912 : The Titanic liner of the White Star Line under Captain Edward John Smith leaves the port of Queenstown in Ireland, where a few passengers have still boarded, and makes her way across the Atlantic towards New York.
• 2006 : Cosa Nostra boss Bernardo Provenzano , who was in hiding for 43 years, is arrested in Sicily .

religion

• 191 BC BC : The Magna Mater temple is consecrated on the Palatine Hill in Rome .
• 0672 : Adeodatus II is elected Pope to succeed Vitalian, who died at the beginning of the year .

1079: Saint Stanislaus

• 1079 : Because he admonished him for his infidelity, the Polish Duke Bolesław II kills Archbishop Stanislaus of Cracow , which subsequently leads to a popular uprising.
• 1963 : Pope John XXIII. publishes the encyclical Pacem in terris . For the first time, a Pope is not only addressing Catholics , but all people of good will .

Disasters

• 1952 : On the Pan Am Flight 526A has a Douglas DC-4 off the coast of Puerto Rico in heavy seas ditch . Although all 69 occupants survived the impact, 52 passengers remained on board because of the uncoordinated evacuation and went down with the aircraft.
• 1965 : During the Palm Sunday tornado outbreak of 1965, 78 tornadoes hit the American Midwest. 271 people are killed, the majority of them in the US state of Indiana.
• 1996 : In the late afternoon, a fire breaks out at Düsseldorf Airport . 17 people die, 88 others are injured.

Minor accidents are listed in the sub-articles of Disaster .

Sports

• 1907 : In the Gasthaus Zum Tannenbaum on the Waldhof in Mannheim , the football company Ramelia becomes what will later become SV Waldhof Mannheim .
• 1921 : In the USA, a sporting event can be watched simultaneously on the radio for the first time , the boxing match between Johnny Ray and Johnny Dundee in Pittsburgh.
• 2001 : In Coffs Harbor in Australia's New South Wales which celebrates Australian national soccer team in international soccer match against American Samoa with 31: 0 the biggest win of a team in an official international match. In the qualifying game for the 2002 World Cup , striker Archie Thompson scores 13 goals.
• 2017 : When the Borussia Dortmund team bus was attacked, three explosive devices were detonated when the BVB soccer team set off by bus on the way to the Westfalenstadion . A police officer and BVB player Marc Bartra are injured by the explosion . The game will then be postponed to the next day.

Entries of track and field world records can be found under the respective discipline under track and field .

Born

Before the 18th century

John I of Portugal (* 1357)

• 0146 : Septimius Severus , Roman Emperor
• 1184 : Wilhelm von Lüneburg , one of the heirs of the Guelph allodial property in the former Duchy of Saxony
• 1316 : Édouard I. de Beaujeu , lord of Beaujeu and lord of Montpensier
• 1348 : Andronikos IV , Byzantine emperor
• 1357 : John I , King of Portugal
• 1370 : Friedrich I , Prince of the Wettin family
• 1374 : Roger Mortimer, 4th Earl of March , English nobleman
• 1492 : Margaret of Navarre , Queen of Navarre
• 1493 : George I , Duke of Pomerania
• 1521 : Johann Ulrich Zasius , Vice Chancellor of the Holy Roman Empire
• 1540 : Johann Debel , German philologist and Lutheran theologian
• 1557 : Friedrich , Count Palatine and Duke of Pfalz-Parkstein
• 1569 : Georg Carolides , Czech humanist and poet
• 1569 : Eusebius Schenck , Bohemian medic
• 1592 : John Eliot , English politician
• 1611 : Joachim Ernst von Görzke , lieutenant general in Brandenburg
• 1614 : Hélène Fourment , second wife and model of Peter Paul Rubens
• 1644 : Maria Johanna of Savoy , Duchess of Savoy, Countess of Geneva and regent
• 1649 : Friederike Amalie of Denmark , Duchess of Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorf
• 1661 : Antoine Coypel , French painter
• 1672 : Johann Christian Bucke , German Lutheran theologian
• 1675 : Johann Daniel Herrnschmidt , German Lutheran theologian

18th century

• 1708 : Ferdinand Bonaventura II von Harrach , Austrian statesman, diplomat and industrialist
• 1713 : Luise Adelgunde Victorie Gottsched , German writer
• 1715 : Jacob Rodrigues Pereira , the first deaf teacher to deaf students in France
• 1722 : Matthias Wilhelm von Below , Prussian lieutenant general and governor of the fortress Stettin
• 1723 : Franz Anton Bustelli , South German sculptor and modeler
• 1733 : Étienne d'Arnal , French clergyman, engineer and inventor
• 1738 : Anton I. Esterházy de Galantha , sixth prince of the Esterházy family
• 1738 : Hermann Erich Winkler , German Protestant clergyman

Johann Heinrich Merck (* 1741)

• 1741 : Johann Heinrich Merck , German writer
• 1749 : Adélaïde Labille-Guiard , French portrait painter
• 1749 : Johann Emanuel Samuel Uhlig , German stocking maker and organist
• 1755 : Georg Hubmer , Austrian alluvial entrepreneur and tunnel planner
• 1755 : James Parkinson , British physician, pharmacist and paleontologist
• 1759 : Johann Christoph Stierlein , German cartographer
• 1762 : Alexei Bobrinski , Russian major general and illegitimate son of Catherine II.
• 1766 : Anton von Wienskowski , Prussian major general
• 1767 : Jean-Baptiste Isabey , French painter
• 1768 : Friedrich August Ludewig , German clergyman, educator and writer
• 1769 : František Vladislav Hek , Czech patriot, poet and publicist
• 1769 : Jean Lannes , French general, Marshal of France
• 1770 : George Canning , British politician and Prime Minister
• 1770 : Karl Gustav Friedrich Schwalbe , German teacher and writer
• 1773 : Georg August von Auenfels , Austrian major general and knight of the Military Maria Theresa Order
• 1779 : Burkhard Wilhelm Seiler , German medic
• 1790 : George Rockingham Gilmer , American politician
• 1791 : Désiré Beaulieu , French composer
• 1794 : Edward Everett , American Whig Party politician and Secretary of State
• 1796 : Friedrich Bröhmer , German civil servant
• 1798 : Alfred V. du Pont , American industrialist

19th century

1801-1850

• 1801 : Claude Tillier , French writer
• 1806 : Friedrich Constantin von Beust , German geologist and lawyer
• 1806 : Pierre Guilleaume Fréderic Le Play , French engineer, economist and social reformer

Anastasius Green (* 1808)

• 1808 : Anastasius Grün , Austrian poet
• 1808 : Anton Martin Schweigaard , Norwegian lawyer, economist and politician
• 1810 : Henry Creswicke Rawlinson , British archaeologist, Assyriologist, and diplomat
• 1810 : Johann Rudolf Kutschker , Austrian Archbishop and Cardinal
• 1811 : Antonio Arcioni , Swiss general
• 1813 : Auguste de Meuron , Swiss architect
• 1813 : Carl Ferdinand Jänisch , Russian chess player
• 1815 : Friedrich Wilhelm Schwarz , German clergyman, founder of the Apostolic Zending and New Apostolic Church
• 1818 : Constantin von Wurzbach , Austrian librarian, lexicographer and writer
• 1819 : Charles Hallé , German pianist and conductor
• 1820 : Hermann Knoblauch , German physicist
• 1824 : Johanna von Puttkamer , wife of Otto von Bismarck
• 1825 : Emanuel Hoffmann , Austrian classical philologist

Ferdinand Lassalle (* 1825)

• 1825 : Ferdinand Lassalle , German founder of the German social democracy and labor movement
• 1827 : Isaak Auerbach , German architect, land and hydraulic engineer and master builder
• 1827 : James Augustus Grant , British officer and traveler to Africa
• 1827 : Hermann Grüneberg , German inventor and entrepreneur
• 1829 : Ernst aus'm Weerth , German historian and archaeologist
• 1830 : Paolo Serrao , Italian composer and music teacher
• 1833 : Fredrik von Otter , Swedish admiral and prime minister
• 1838 : Hermann Vogelsang , German geologist
• 1839 : Ludwig Auer , German Christian educational reformer, writer, publisher and entrepreneur
• 1845 : Johann Berger , Austrian chess player and theorist
• 1845 : Otto Hense , German classical philologist
• 1846 : Josef Rodenstock , German industrialist and founder of the Rodenstock company

1851-1900

• 1851 : Johannes Lehmann-Hohenberg , German geologist
• 1852 : Bérenger Saunière , French pastor in Rennes-le-Château
• 1854 : Luigi Vanoni , Swiss engineer
• 1855 : Ettore Ximenes , Italian sculptor
• 1860 : Ferdinand Boberg , Swedish architect
• 1861 : Émile Bouichère , French organist

Charles Evans Hughes (* 1862)

• 1862 : Charles Evans Hughes , American politician
• 1862 : Heinrich Cunow , German politician
• 1864 : Lillie P. Bliss , American art collector and patron, co-founder of the Museum of Modern Art
• 1864 : Ernst Karl August Klemens von Mann , German Vice Admiral
• 1867 : William Edwin Haesche , American composer
• 1869 : Gustav Vigeland , Norwegian sculptor
• 1871 : Theodor Pallady , Romanian painter
• 1873 : Gustav Boess , German politician, Lord Mayor of Berlin
• 1873 : Angelo Nessi , Swiss journalist and librettist
• 1876 : Ivan Jawachishvili , Georgian historian
• 1878 : Heinrich Altherr , Swiss painter
• 1878 : Kathleen Clarke , Irish politician
• 1881 : Harvey Bartlett Gaul , American composer and organist
• 1882 : Rudolf Egger , Austrian ancient historian and archaeologist
• 1887 : Wilhelm Bette , German politician
• 1889 : Nick LaRocca , American cornet player, band leader and jazz pioneer
• 1892 : Isacco Mariani , Italian motorcycle racer
• 1893 : Dean Acheson , American politician
• 1894 : Lev Blatný , Czech poet, author, theater critic and dramaturge
• 1895 : Friedrich Pruss von Zglinicki , German writer, illustrator and comic artist

Wieland Herzfelde (* 1896)

• 1896 : Wieland Herzfelde , German publicist, author and publisher
• 1896 : Ralph Hepburn , American motorcycle and automobile racer
• 1897 : Caspar Neher , German-Austrian stage designer
• 1897 : Jakob Franz Alexander Kern , German Premonstratensian, blessed
• 1898 : Robert d'Escourt Atkinson , British astronomer, physicist and inventor
• 1898 : Conny Méndez , Venezuelan actress, painter and caricaturist, writer and composer and founder of the Movimiento de Metafísica Cristiana
• 1899 : Albrecht Aschoff , German politician, Member of the Bundestag
• 1899 : Leopold Hochgatterer , Austrian politician
• 1900 : Sándor Márai , Hungarian writer

20th century

1901-1925

• 1901 : Alexander Alexandrovich Andronov , Soviet physicist
• 1901 : Donald Menzel , American astronomer
• 1901 : Theodor Rogalski , Romanian composer
• 1902 : Max Abegglen , Swiss football player
• 1902 : Kobayashi Hideo , Japanese literary critic and writer

Werner Berg (* 1904)

• 1904 : Werner Berg , German painter
• 1904 : Erich Bödeker , German sculptor
• 1905 : Attila József , Hungarian poet
• 1905 : Joseph Platz , German-American chess player
• 1906 : Renato Cesarini , Argentine-Italian soccer player and coach
• 1906 : Meta Menz , German-Austrian ballet master and solo dancer
• 1906 : Dale Messick , American comic artist
• 1907 : Erwin Levy , German psychologist
• 1907 : Mochizuki Minoru , Japanese founder of Yoseikan Budo
• 1908 : Georg Brauer , German chemist
• 1908 : Josef Hermann Dufhues , German politician
• 1908 : Karel Ančerl , Czech conductor
• 1908 : Robert O'Brien , American racing car driver
• 1908 : Theodor Schieder , German historian

Werner Braune (* 1909)

• 1909 : Werner Braune , German lawyer and SS officer, leader of a task force, war criminal
• 1910 : António de Spínola , Portuguese general and politician
• 1910 : Klaus-Joachim Zülch , German neuroscientist
• 1911 : Leopold Hawelka , Austrian founder of Café Hawelka
• 1911 : Stanisława Walasiewicz , Polish-American athlete
• 1912 : Gusti Wolf , Austrian chamber actress
• 1913 : Egon Franke , German politician
• 1913 : Oleg Cassini , French fashion designer
• 1916 : Alberto Ginastera , Argentine composer
• 1916 : Hartwig Zürn , German prehistorian and state curator
• 1918 : Guy Gale , British racing car driver
• 1920 : Marlen Haushofer , Austrian writer
• 1920 : René Carol , German pop singer, actor and entertainer
• 1922 : Aleksandar Ivanov Rajtschew , Bulgarian composer
• 1923 : Roger-Émile Aubry , Swiss vicar
• 1923 : Klaus Franke , German politician
• 1924 : Heinz Angermeier , German historian and professor
• 1925 : Emil Mangelsdorff , German musician
• 1925 : Hubert Nyssen , French publisher and writer
• 1925 : Viola Gregg Liuzzo , American civil rights activist

1926-1950

• 1926 : David M. Abshire , American diplomat, President of the Richard Lounsbery Foundation
• 1926 : Victor Bouchard , Canadian pianist and composer
• 1926 : Pete Lovely , American racing car driver
• 1926 : Erna Spoorenberg , Dutch soprano
• 1927 : Dieter Thoma , German journalist, moderator and book author

Klaus Harpprecht (* 1927)

• 1927 : Klaus Harpprecht , German journalist
• 1928 : Johann Staber , Austrian architect
• 1928 : Ethel Kennedy , wife of Robert F. Kennedy
• 1929 : Ian Armit , British blues and jazz pianist
• 1929 : Josef Heinen , German sprinter
• 1929 : Hans Joachim Hirsch , German legal scholar
• 1930 : Nicholas F. Brady , American politician
• 1930 : Walter Krüger , German athlete, Olympic medalist
• 1930 : Anton Szandor LaVey , American founder of the Church of Satan
• 1930 : Bernhard Sutor , German political scientist
• 1930 : Josef Schädler , Liechtenstein painter and draftsman
• 1931 : Sergio Sebastiani , Italian cardinal
• 1931 : Johnny Sheffield , American film actor
• 1932 : Eduard Alexejewitsch Asaba , Soviet chess composer

Joel Gray (born 1932)

• 1932 : Joel Gray , American actor
• 1933 : Hermann Amborn , German ethnologist
• 1934 : Helmut Janz , German athlete
• 1934 : Norma Beecroft , Canadian composer
• 1935 : Vader Abraham , Dutch singer, composer, lyricist and producer
• 1935 : Kazys Almenas , Lithuanian writer, engineer and physicist
• 1935 : Richard Kuklinski , American felon known as "The Iceman"
• 1936 : Jocy de Oliveira , Brazilian pianist and composer
• 1936 : Jimmy Sabater , American musician and songwriter
• 1937 : Gerd Osenberg , German athlete

Gertrud Zelinsky (* 1937)

• 1937 : Gertrud Zelinsky , German writer
• 1937 : Horst Seemann , German film director and screenwriter
• 1937 : Jill Gascoine , British actress
• 1937 : Wolfgang Lüder , German local politician
• 1938 : Eckart Kuhlwein , German politician
• 1938 : Franz Nuscheler , German political scientist
• 1938 : Kurt Moll , German opera singer
• 1939 : Louise Lasser , American actress
• 1940 : Władysław Komar , Polish athlete
• 1941 : Benno Hurt , German writer, photographer and lawyer
• 1941 : Lew Platt , American manager
• 1941 : Karsten Voigt , German politician
• 1942 : Anatoly Nikolaevich Berezovoy , Soviet cosmonaut
• 1943 : Poul Nielson , Danish politician
• 1943 : Bernard Salam , French racing car driver
• 1943 : Ernst Tippelt , German soccer player
• 1944 : John Milius , American director, screenwriter, and film producer
• 1944 : Nicoletta , French chanson singer

Christian Quadflieg (* 1945)

• 1945 : Christian Quadflieg , German actor, director and reciter
• 1946 : Teresa Pérez Frangie , Dominican opera singer
• 1947 : Hartmut Barth-Engelbart , German author
• 1947 : Uli Edel , German film director
• 1947 : Anton Gigl , German football player
• 1947 : Meshach Taylor , American actor
• 1948 : Anke Maggauer-Kirsche , German poet and aphorist
• 1948 : Wolf-Dieter Wichmann , German sports teacher
• 1949 : Dorothy Allison , American writer

Bernd Eichinger (* 1949)

• 1949 : Bernd Eichinger , German film producer, screenwriter and director
• 1950 : Paul Fromin , French composer and conductor
• 1950 : Gerhard Stadelmaier , German journalist and theater critic

1951-1975

• 1953 : Andrew Wiles , British mathematician
• 1953 : Elvira Possekel , German athlete, Olympic medalist
• 1953 : Udo Schenk , German actor, dubbing and radio play speaker
• 1953 : Guy Verhofstadt , Belgian politician, head of government
• 1954 : Ian F. Akyildiz , Turkish computer scientist and engineer
• 1954 : Willie Royster , American baseball player
• 1955 : Michel Neugarten , Belgian racing driver
• 1955 : Michele Scarabelli , Canadian actress
• 1955 : Piers Sellers , British astronaut
• 1955 : Rudolf Kriszeleit , German lawyer and politician
• 1956 : Liliana Komorowska , Polish-Canadian actress
• 1957 : Juan Carlos Arteche , Spanish soccer player
• 1957 : Jim Lauderdale , American country singer and songwriter
• 1958 : Stuart Adamson , Scottish musician and founder of several bands
• 1958 : Sally Clark , New Zealand eventing rider
• 1958 : Luísa Diogo , Mozambican Prime Minister
• 1958 : Lyudmila Andrejewna Kondratjewa , Russian athlete
• 1958 : Luc Luycx , Belgian coin designer

Alex Yermolinsky (* 1958)

• 1958 : Alex Yermolinsky , American chess player
• 1959 : Barbara Köhler , German poet
• 1960 : Armin Schlechter , German philologist and librarian
• 1960 : Margarete Sorg-Rose , German composer, conductor, author
• 1960 : Dirk Kramer , German Nordic combined athlete
• 1960 : Jeremy Clarkson , British presenter
• 1962 : Alois Stadlober , Austrian cross-country skier, lawyer and sports official
• 1962 : Franz Heinzer , Swiss ski racer
• 1962 : Matthias Beller , German chemist, Leibniz Prize winner
• 1962 : Karen Friesicke , German comedian and actress
• 1963 : Andreas Brucker , German actor
• 1963 : Chris Ferguson , American poker player
• 1963 : Jörg Woithe , German swimming athlete
• 1964 : Dirk Leun , German handball coach
• 1965 : Birgit Homburger , German politician, Member of the Bundestag

Simone Thomalla (* 1965)

• 1965 : Simone Thomalla , German television actress
• 1966 : Andreas Fischer , German politician
• 1966 : Goldust , American wrestler
• 1966 : Lisa Stansfield , British singer
• 1966 : Peter Stöger , Austrian soccer player
• 1967 : Alejandro Gómez , Spanish athlete
• 1967 : Mambo Kurt , German musician and solo entertainer
• 1967 : Klaus Michael Rückert , German politician
• 1967 : Joop Stokkel , Dutch swimmer and rider
• 1968 : Sergei Wassiljewitsch Lukjanenko , Russian science fiction and fantasy writer
• 1969 : Timo Aaltonen , Finnish shot putter
• 1969 : Carsten Arriens , German tennis player
• 1969 : Michael von Grünigen , Swiss ski racer

Whigfield (* 1970)

• 1969 : Oriol Junqueras , Catalan historian, publicist and politician
• 1969 : Caren Miosga , German presenter
• 1969 : Chalee Tennison , American country singer
• 1970 : Whigfield , Danish singer
• 1971 : Tomasz Gollob , Polish track athlete
• 1971 : Oliver Riedel , German musician
• 1971 : Craig Walsh , American composer and music teacher
• 1972 : Annemette Jensen , Danish long-distance runner
• 1973 : Christine Brand , Swiss writer and journalist
• 1973 : Blake Brockermeyer , American football player
• 1973 : Jennifer Esposito , American actress
• 1973 : Ross Hill , American actor
• 1973 : Halldor Skard , Norwegian Nordic combined
• 1974 : Àlex Corretja , Spanish tennis player
• 1974 : Thomas Häberli , Swiss football player
• 1974 : Mario Cantaluppi , Swiss football player
• 1974 : Natacha Régnier , Belgian actress and singer

Stefanie Stappenbeck (* 1974)

• 1974 : Stefanie Stappenbeck , German actress
• 1974 : Tricia Helfer , Canadian mannequin, photo model, actress
• 1974 : Mirai Yamamoto , Japanese actress
• 1975 : Alfredo Rampi , Italian accident victim
• 1975 : Rafał Riedel , Polish political scientist

1976-2000

• 1976 : Kotomitsuki Keiji , Japanese sumo wrestler
• 1976 : Antonio Pacheco , Uruguayan-Italian soccer player

Ruth Moschner (* 1976)

• 1976 : Ruth Moschner , German television presenter
• 1977 : Georgi Nikolow , Bulgarian handball player
• 1977 : Jiří Magál , Czech cross-country skier
• 1977 : Guy Tuneh , Israeli double bass virtuoso
• 1978 : Ariel Javier Rosada , Argentine soccer player
• 1978 : Brett Claywell , American actor
• 1979 : Umar al-Ghamdi , Saudi Arabian soccer player
• 1979 : Haley Cope , American swimmer
• 1979 : Michel Riesen , Swiss ice hockey player
• 1980 : Alexandre Anselmet , French ski racer
• 1980 : Siggi Kautz , German actor and musician
• 1980 : Keiji Tamada , Japanese soccer player

Alessandra Ambrosio (* 1981)

• 1981 : Alessandra Ambrosio , Brazilian model
• 1981 : Jerome James , Belizean football player
• 1981 : Motsi Mabuse , South African dancer
• 1981 : Teo Yoo , South Korean actor
• 1982 : Nadine Warmuth , German actress
• 1983 : Nicky Pastorelli , Dutch racing driver
• 1983 : Summer Cem , German rapper
• 1984 : Silvia Avallone , Italian poet and writer
• 1984 : Hernán Barcos , Argentine soccer player
• 1984 : Felix Petermann , German ice hockey player
• 1984 : Nikola Karabatić , French handball player
• 1985 : Lance Davids , South African soccer player
• 1986 : Markus Heppke , German soccer player
• 1986 : Mario Huhnstock , German handball player
• 1986 : Ana Isabelle , Puerto Rican singer, dancer and actress
• 1986 : Lena Schöneborn , German modern pentathlete
• 1986 : Angelica Wallén , Swedish handball player

Joss Stone (* 1987)

• 1987 : Joss Stone , British soul singer
• 1987 : Jonathan Faña Frías , Dominican soccer player
• 1988 : Stefan Hickl , German soccer player
• 1988 : Mait Patrail , Estonian handball player
• 1989 : Marvin Angarita , Colombian racing cyclist
• 1990 : Dimitrios Anastasopoulos , Greek footballer
• 1990 : Philipp Keinath , German handball player
• 1990 : Ville Larinto , Finnish ski jumper
• 1990 : Andrea Roda , Italian racing car driver
• 1991 : James Magnussen , Australian swimmer
• 1991 : Thiago , Spanish-Brazilian soccer player
• 1994 : Lukas Scepanik , German soccer player
• 1995 : Ryan Hanson Bradford , American actor
• 1997 : Elie Nabot , French telemarker
• 2000 : Morgan Lily , American actress

Died

Before the 16th century

• 0678 : Donus , Pope
• 0714 : Guthlac , English hermit and saint
• 0882 : Wala , Archbishop of Metz
• 0924 : Hermann I , Archbishop of Cologne
• 1031 : Liudolf von Brauweiler , imperial general and standard bearer
• 1034 : Romanos III. , Byzantine emperor
• 1079 : Stanislaus of Cracow , Bishop of Cracow, Polish national saint
• 1116 : Lanuinus , blessed and companion of Bruno the saint
• 1165 : Stephan IV. , Hungarian rival king
• 1233 : Reiner von Osnabrück , German hermit, blessed of the Catholic Church
• 1240 : Llywelyn ab Iorwerth , Prince of Gwynedd
• 1245 : Goffredus de Trano , Italian lawyer
• 1287 : Gebhard , Bishop of Brandenburg
• 1309 : Jørund , Archbishop of Nidaros (Trondheim)
• 1313 : Guillaume de Nogaret , French courtier and advisor to Philip the Fair

Henry Beaufort († 1447)

• 1447 : Henry Beaufort , Bishop of Winchester, Cardinal, brother of King Henry IV of England
• 1466 : Johann III. von Grumbach , Bishop of Würzburg
• 1466 : Guillaume de Varax , Bishop of Belley and Lausanne

16th to 18th century

• 1508 : Guidobaldo I da Montefeltro , Duke of Urbino
• 1512 : Gaston de Foix , French military
• 1514 : Donato Bramante , Italian painter, builder and founder of High Renaissance architecture
• 1516 : Ulrich Krafft , German preacher and legal scholar
• 1520 : Agostino Chigi , Italian banker and patron
• 1532 : Elisabeth von Weida , Abbess of Gernrode
• 1532 : Sōchō , Japanese writer
• 1547 : Dorothea of ​​Denmark , first Duchess of Prussia
• 1554 : William Thomas , English scholar and conspirator
• 1554 : Thomas Wyatt , English rebel leader
• 1591 : Levinus Battus , German medic
• 1592 : Johannes Clajus , German pedagogue, Protestant theologian and grammarian
• 1596 : Ludolf X. von Alvensleben , German statesman
• 1607 : Bento de Góis , Portuguese Jesuit, missionary and explorer

Matthias von Oppen († 1621)

• 1621 : Matthias von Oppen , German church politician and economic reformer
• 1648 : Matthäus Apelt , German composer and hymn poet
• 1681 : Friedrich Ludwig von Pfalz-Zweibrücken-Landsberg , Duke of Pfalz-Landsberg and Pfalz-Zweibrücken
• 1699 : Friedrich Christian Bressand , German poet and opera librettist
• 1712 : Richard Simon , French exegete, theologian, philosopher and historian of the Catholic faith
• 1714 : Christoph Gerke , mayor and chronicler of the city of Braunschweig
• 1716 : Christian Knaut , German doctor, botanist and librarian
• 1716 : Leo Ulfeldt , Danish nobleman, Austrian field marshal and viceroy of Catalonia
• 1727 : Heinrich Theobald Schenk , German Protestant theologian and hymn composer
• 1729 : Manuel de Egüés , Spanish composer
• 1744 : Antioch Dmitrijewitsch Kantemir , Russian poet, satirist and diplomat
• 1746 : Sadiq Muhammad Khan I , Nawab of Bahawalpur
• 1753 : Lorenz Strahlborn , Lübeck piece and bell caster
• 1759 : Heinrich Gottfried Haferung , German Lutheran theologian
• 1760 : Moritz von Anhalt-Dessau , Prussian military leader
• 1760 : Louis de Silvestre , French painter, court painter in Saxony
• 1769 : Anna Canalis di Cumiana , morganatic wife of King Victor Amadeus II of Sardinia
• 1770 : August Wilhelm Reinhart , German Protestant theologian
• 1771 : Rudolph Culemann , German civil servant
• 1780 : Moritz Wilhelm von der Asseburg , Prussian major general
• 1781 : Joseph Gregor Winck , German painter and plasterer
• 1798 : Karl Wilhelm Ramler , German poet and Enlightenment philosopher

19th century

• 1804 : Joaquín del Pino Sánchez de Rojas , Spanish governor of Montevideo, governor of Chile and viceroy of the Río de la Plata
• 1817 : William Beloe , British writer, translator and editor
• 1818 : Carl Andreas Göpfert , German composer

Georg Joseph Beer († 1821)

• 1821 : Georg Joseph Beer , Austrian founder of scientifically based ophthalmology
• 1822 : Friedrich Wilhelm Hermann , German lawyer
• 1842 : Sándor Csoma , Hungarian explorer, founder of Tibetology
• 1843 : Gavrila Andrejewitsch Ratschinski , Russian composer
• 1853 : Louis Emmanuel Jadin , French composer
• 1858 : Bernard Sarrette , French conductor and music teacher
• 1870 : Justo José de Urquiza , Argentine President
• 1875 : Samuel Heinrich Schwabe , German astronomer
• 1875 : Andrew Jackson Hamilton , American local politician, governor of Texas
• 1881 : Karl Friedrich Ferdinand Lachmann , German educator
• 1884 : Charles Reade , British writer
• 1889 : Émile de Najac , French librettist
• 1890 : Joseph Merrick , British actor ("Elephant Man")
• 1894 : Friedrich Neelsen , German pathologist and scientist
• 1895 : Heinrich Friedrich Wilhelm Perizonius , German theologian
• 1895 : Lothar Meyer , German doctor and chemist
• 1897 : Johann Nepomuk Brischar , German church historian

20th century

1901-1950

• 1902 : Wade Hampton III. , American general and politician, Governor of South Carolina
• 1908 : Henry Edward Bird , British chess player
• 1911 : Władysław Floriański , Polish singer and opera director
• 1911 : Alois Reckendorf , German pianist, music teacher, composer
• 1914 : Helena Guerra , founder of the Italian order

Otto Wagner († 1918)

• 1918 : Otto Wagner , Austrian architect, architectural theorist and city planner of Vienna
• 1921 : Auguste Viktoria of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Augustenburg , German Empress
• 1924 : Christian Bürckstümmer , German Protestant clergyman and university professor
• 1925 : Lewis D. Apsley , American politician
• 1926 : Olindo Raggi , Italian motorcycle racer
• 1931 : Teresa Claramunt , Spanish feminist, anarchist and syndicalist
• 1931 : Sophus Claussen , Danish writer
• 1935 : Anna Katharine Rohlfs , American writer
• 1936 : Karl Schell , Swiss composer, conductor and organist
• 1937 : Philip van Dijk , Dutch football player
• 1937 : Smizer Schylunowitsch , Belarusian politician and writer
• 1943 : Federico Cattani Amadori , Italian clergyman, cardinal to the Curia
• 1945 : Gustav Frenssen , German writer
• 1945 : Wilhelm Beyer , German politician
• 1950 : Bainbridge Colby , US Secretary of State

1951-2000

• 1951 : Panama Al Brown , Panamanian boxer
• 1955 : Mario Alborghetti , Italian racing car driver
• 1955 : Arthur E. Nelson , American politician
• 1955 : Leo Schrattenholz , German composer, cellist and music teacher

Marcel Pilet-Golaz († 1958)

• 1958 : Marcel Pilet-Golaz , Swiss politician
• 1961 : Herbert Kensington-Moir , British racing car driver
• 1962 : Michael Curtiz , Hungarian-American film director
• 1963 : Franz Karl Ginzkey , Austrian poet and writer
• 1963 : Arthur Jonath , German athlete, Olympic medalist
• 1964 : Hans Franck , German writer and dramaturge
• 1966 : Peg Leg Howell , American blues guitarist, singer, and songwriter
• 1967 : Murata Shūgyo , Japanese poet
• 1968 : Max Brose , German businessman and industrialist
• 1969 : Herbie Haymer , American jazz tenor saxophonist
• 1970 : Victor Desautels , Canadian singer and impresario

John O'Hara († 1970)

• 1970 : John O'Hara , American writer
• 1971 : Zbigniew Drzewiecki , Polish pianist and music teacher
• 1971 : Marcel Gromaire , French painter
• 1972 : Solomon Aaron Berson , American medic
• 1972 : Lucien Erb , French racing car driver
• 1977 : Jacques Prévert , French author, poet and chansonnier
• 1979 : Mohammed Ali Akid , Tunisian football player
• 1983 : Harm Dallmeyer , German politician, Member of the Bundestag
• 1983 : Dolores del Río , Mexican actress
• 1984 : Fritz Rotter , Austrian author and composer
• 1985 : Bunny Ahearne , Irish ice hockey official, President of the IIHF

Enver Hoxha († 1985)

• 1985 : Enver Hoxha , political leader of Albania
• 1985 : Fred Uhlman , German lawyer, painter and writer
• 1987 : Erskine Caldwell , American writer
• 1987 : Primo Levi , Italian writer and chemist
• 1989 : Orhon Murat Arıburnu , Turkish author
• 1991 : Chester Anderson , American poet and science fiction writer
• 1991 : Dag Bryn , Norwegian diplomat
• 1991 : Syria Poletti , Italian-Argentine writer and journalist
• 1993 : Rolf Junghanns , German pianist and musicologist
• 1995 : František Daniel Merth , Czech priest and poet
• 1998 : Francis Durbridge , British crime novelist
• 1998 : Ivan Tcherepnin , American composer, conductor and music teacher
• 2000 : Marija Atanasova , Bulgarian politician and pilot
• 2000 : Ernst Voigt (pilot) , German test pilot for the Wehrmacht

21st century

• 2001 : Joe Viola , American jazz musician
• 2004 : Paul Hamburger , Austrian pianist
• 2004 : Megumu Sagisawa , Japanese writer
• 2005 : Anna Andersch-Marcus , German glass painter
• 2005 : Jerry Byrd , American country singer and musician
• 2005 : Maria Rowohlt , German actress and wife of the publisher Ernst Rowohlt
• 2006 : Proof , American rapper ( D12 )
• 2006 : June Pointer , American singer ( The Pointer Sisters )
• 2007 : Bob Dyer , American singer-songwriter, writer and filmmaker
• 2007 : Loïc Leferme , French freediver

Kurt Vonnegut († 2007)

• 2007 : Kurt Vonnegut , American writer
• 2007 : Gordon Wilkins , British journalist and racing car driver
• 2007 : Ronald Speirs , American officer
• 2008 : Claude Abbes , French soccer player
• 2010 : Julia Tsenova , Bulgarian composer and pianist
• 2011 : La Esterella , Belgian singer
• 2011 : Brigitte Matschinsky-Denninghoff , German sculptor
• 2011 : Jørgen Munk Plum , Danish athlete and veterinarian
• 2011 : Graciela Naranjo , Venezuelan singer and actress
• 2012 : Ahmed Ben Bella , Algerian President
• 2014 : Rolf Brem , Swiss sculptor and graphic artist
• 2015 : François Maspero , French author, journalist, publisher and translator
• 2015 : Horst Parson , Austrian architect
• 2016 : Hubertus Ernst , German entrepreneur and rally driver
• 2016 : Franz Schupp , Austrian philosopher and theologian
• 2017 : Michael Ballhaus German cameraman
• 2017 : Jerzy Gajek , Polish pianist and music teacher
• 2017 : Michael Schultheis , American Jesuit and economist
• 2017 : J. Geils , American guitarist
• 2018 : Peter Eduard Mayer , German civil engineer
• 2019 : Charlie Rodríguez , Puerto Rican salsa musician
• 2020 : Colby Cave , Canadian ice hockey player
• 2020 : John Horton Conway , British mathematician

John Horton Conway († 2020)

• 2020 : Edem Kodjo , Togolese politician
• 2020 : Liu Dehai , Chinese pipa player, composer and music teacher

Holidays and memorial days

• Church memorial days
  • Matthäus Apelt , German cantor and poet (Protestant)
  • St. Guthlac , Anglo-Saxon nobleman, hermit and patron saint (Catholic)
  • St. Stanislaus of Cracow , Polish nobleman, martyr and bishop (Catholic (not in Poland))

The list of days of remembrance and action contains further entries .

Web links

Commons : April 11th  - Collection of images, videos and audio files