COVID-19 pandemic in Vietnam

The COVID-19 pandemic occurs in Vietnam since the end of January 2020 as part of the global COVID-19 pandemic , which began in China. The cause of the disease is the pathogen SARS-CoV-2 . From March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) classified the outbreak of the novel coronavirus as a global pandemic .

course

The first two COVID-19 cases were detected on January 23, 2020: a Chinese man from Wuhan who traveled to Vietnam to visit his son who lived there, and the son. It is believed that the son was infected from his father. A week later, on January 30, 2020, three more COVID-19 cases became known. These were Vietnamese who had returned to Vietnam from Wuhan. On February 1, 2020, it was announced that a receptionist from a hotel in Nha Trang , which the father and son (the first two known COVID-19 cases in Vietnam) had visited, tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. This was the first known case of a transmission within Vietnam. Prime Minister Nguyễn Xuân Phúc then declared the COVID-19 cases to be an epidemic.

After further isolated cases - 16 infections were known up to February 13th - a relaxation was initially apparent and no new infections were observed over a period of 22 days. This changed from March 6th, since infections became known again. Unlike the first known cases, these are primarily in direct or indirect connection with Europe and the USA.

On March 20, it was announced that two nurses who work in one of the largest hospitals in Vietnam, the Bach Mai Hospital in Hanoi, tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. Then several thousand employees, patients and visitors were tested for COVID-19, areas of the hospital were disinfected and only emergencies and patients who needed long-term therapy were admitted. The hospital was isolated on March 28 after further tests returned positive, including those from employees of a food supplier. Patients were not admitted, doctors were not allowed to leave the premises and the hospital was disinfected with chloramine B. As of March 30, there were still 3,500 patients and medical staff in the hospital who were in isolation from food shortages. The hospital's quarantine was lifted on April 12, 2020. By then, 45 COVID-19 cases were hospital-related.

From the beginning of April, the number of new COVID-19 cases began to decline, and on April 17, no new cases were known for the first time in the second phase of the outbreak, which began on March 6, 2020. After eight days with no new infections, two Vietnamese students who had returned from Japan tested positive on April 24. There were no other known COVID-19 cases as of April 29.

As of August 22nd, Danang (379 COVID-19 cases), Hanoi (156) and Quangnam (101) were the hardest hit.

As of August 22, 2020, the CDC Vietnam reports 1014 laboratory-confirmed cases of infection, including 26 deaths, and the number of recovered out of 563 people. Measured by the number of tests carried out per COVID-19 case, the testing effort in Vietnam is one of the highest worldwide.

activities

Compared to other countries, there have been relatively few COVID-19 cases in Vietnam. This is attributed, on the one hand, to an early reaction and, on the other hand, to a consistent delimitation of disease clusters. To this end, several hundred police, military and health authorities are looking for contact persons per COVID-19 case. In early January, APT32 broke into systems at China's Ministry of Disaster Management and Wuhan Provincial Administration to gain information about the virus, fireeye said (the Vietnamese government denies this). Starting in mid-January 2020, the larger airports in Vietnam began to measure the temperature of passengers from China as part of immigration controls in order to detect possible COVID-19 cases at an early stage. Air traffic between Wuhan and Vietnam was suspended on January 24, 2020. In the following days, Chinese tourists from Wuhan were brought back from Vietnam to Wuhan by VietJet Air planes . After the first known transmission within Vietnam, air traffic between Vietnam and China was suspended on February 1, 2020. On February 3, Nguyễn Xuân Phúc announced that all travelers from China would have to be in a two-week quarantine. Vietnamese living in Wuhan have been evacuated.

Closed CGV cinema in the "Times City" residential complex in Hanoi.

On February 29, the visa requirement for travelers from South Korea was reintroduced, on March 3, the suspension of visa exemption for citizens from Italy and on March 9 for citizens from Germany , Denmark , Finland , France , Norway , Sweden and Spain followed United Kingdom . From March 15, travelers who had been in the Schengen area and the United Kingdom in the past two weeks were , with a few exceptions, no longer allowed to enter Vietnam. For these exceptions and to bring tourists back, Vietnam Airlines continued to operate flights to and from Europe, but only took passengers from Europe under increased security conditions. From March 17th, foreigners will no longer be issued visas. People who fall under one of the exemptions require a certificate stating that they are not infected with SARS-CoV-2. People who entered Vietnam from March 21st had to be in a two-week quarantine for which various facilities were made available. After Vietnam Airlines had already suspended some international flight connections in mid-March, the airline, like all others, suspended international flights from March 25th.

A 15-day period of spatial distancing began on April 1 , during which measures to contain COVID-19 were tightened. During this time, residents of Vietnam were asked to stay at home and gatherings of more than two people were prohibited. Violation was punished with heavy fines. Travel within Vietnam has also been severely restricted. For example, there were only two flight connections per day from Hanoi to Ho Chi Minh City and back; the flight route had the 6th highest passenger volume worldwide in 2018 . Ferries were no longer allowed to take passengers to islands and buses and taxis were stopped. The borders with Laos and Cambodia were also closed on April 1st. At the end of the 15-day period and after no further COVID-19 cases were observed in Vietnam for several days, some of the restrictions were relaxed and, for example, the shops in Ho Chi Minh City were reopened, and domestic air traffic was restarted.

Various areas were temporarily quarantined as a result of COVID-19 cases, for example the Son Loi municipality in the Vĩnh Phúc province in February after seven infections there or Truc Bach Street in Hanoi in March.

Schools in Hanoi , Ho Chi Minh City and other regions of the country were closed after the Tết vacation and reopening has been postponed since then. In mid-March 2020, cinemas, bars, karaoke bars, clubs etc. in Ho Chi Minh City were closed. In Hanoi , the Temple of Literature , the Hỏa Lò prison and other tourist attractions have been closed and disinfected.

consequences

Economic consequences

GDP change of Vietnam compared to previous year from 1985 to 2019 with different forecasts for 2020.

After Vietnam's gross domestic product (GDP) increased by 7.02% in 2019, the forecasts for GDP growth in 2020 in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic were only 2.7% ( IMF ), 2.8% ( Fitch ), 3.3% ( Standard Chartered ), 4.8% ( Asian Development Bank ) and 4.9% ( World Bank ). The Vietnam Institute for Economic and Policy Research forecast in April, depending on how quickly the COVID-19 pandemic can be stopped, GDP growth of −1% (if the pandemic lasts until the end of 2020) to 4.2% (if it will be stopped in the second quarter). Since the economic opening of Vietnam ( Đổi mới ) in 1986 there has been no decline in GDP.

In early March, the Asian Development Bank estimated the economic costs of the COVID-19 pandemic for Vietnam at between USD 675 million and USD 1.9 billion, in the worst case at USD 3.7 billion. The VN Index , a stock index that includes the companies listed on the Ho Chi Minh Stock Exchange , lost around 30% of its value from the beginning of the year to the end of March and hit its lowest level since January 2017. On March 17, the State Bank of Việt Nam cut the key rate by 0.25 to 1 percentage point . By mid-April, nearly five million workers had lost their jobs. In the first two months of 2020, car sales fell by 27% compared to the previous year. 3.7 million tourists visited Vietnam from January to April, which corresponds to a drop of 38% compared to the previous year. Vietnam Airlines saw revenue decline and in early April 100 of Vietnam Airlines' 106 aircraft were idle. 10,000 employees were sent on unpaid leave. Bamboo Airways has postponed the introduction of new routes to Europe.

Sports

The Formula 1 race in Hanoi , the Vietnam Grand Prix, planned for the first time in 2020 , has been canceled. Games of the football league V. League 1 will be played without spectators, while games of the V. League 2 will be postponed.

World Health Organization statistics

Confirmed infections (cumulative) in Vietnam over the course of the week
according to WHO data

Confirmed deaths (cumulative) in Vietnam over the course of the week
according to WHO data

Johns Hopkins University statistics

Infections (cumulative) in Vietnam
according to data from the CSSE at Johns Hopkins University

Infections (new cases) in Vietnam,
according to data from CSSE at Johns Hopkins University

See also

• List of epidemics and pandemics
• List of deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic

Web links

Commons : COVID-19 Pandemic in Vietnam  - Pictures, Videos and Audio Files Collection

Individual evidence

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5. ↑ VnExpress: Vietnam reports sixth patient with Wuhan pneumonia virus - VnExpress International. Retrieved March 14, 2020 . 
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9. ↑ VnExpress: Roadmap of Vietnam's 48 Covid-19 infections. Retrieved March 15, 2020 . 
10. ↑ VnExpress: Latvian tourist in HCMC Vietnam's Covid-19 patient 54 - VnExpress International. Retrieved March 15, 2020 . 
11. ↑ VnExpress: 5,000 staffs, patients at Hanoi hospital to take Covid-19 test - VnExpress International. Retrieved April 2, 2020 . 
12. ↑ VnExpress: Hanoi locks down main hospital after eight Covid-19 infections - VnExpress International. Retrieved April 2, 2020 . 
13. ↑ VnExpress: Hanoi hospital disinfected after coronavirus scare - VnExpress International. Retrieved April 2, 2020 . 
14. ↑ VnExpress: Covid-19 lockdown: Hanoi hospital lacks food, necessities for 3,500 inmates - VnExpress International. Retrieved April 2, 2020 . 
15. ↑ VnExpress: Joyful emotions run high as Hanoi hospital lockdown ends - VnExpress International. Accessed April 13, 2020 (English). 
16. ↑ VnExpress: Vietnam keeps Covid-19 slate clean Saturday evening - VnExpress International. Retrieved April 18, 2020 (English). 
17. ↑ VnExpress: Two students returning from Japan test positive for Covid-19 - VnExpress International. Retrieved April 29, 2020 . 
18. ↑ BỘ Y TẾ: THỐNG KÊ TÌNH HÌNH DỊCH VIÊM ĐƯỜNG HÔ HẤP CẤP DO CHỦNG MỚI CỦA VIRUS CORONA GÂY RA (COVID-19). August 22, 2020, accessed August 22, 2020 (Vietnamese). 
19. ↑ Ministry of Health: TRANG TIN VỀ DỊCH BỆNH VIÊM ĐƯỜNG HÔ HẤP CẤP COVID-19. August 22, 2020, accessed August 22, 2020 (Vietnamese). 
20. ↑ Number of COVID-19 tests per confirmed case. Retrieved April 18, 2020 . 
21. ↑ Zero deaths and two corona cases in eleven days: Vietnam is becoming a model student - derStandard.de. Accessed April 30, 2020 (Austrian German). 
22. ↑ https://thediplomat.com/2020/05/behind-vietnams-covid-19-response-deep-distrust-of-china/
23. ↑ VnExpress: Vietnamese airports screen visitors' temperature amid Chinese pneumonia scare - VnExpress International. Retrieved April 5, 2020 . 
24. ↑ VnExpress: All Vietnam Wuhan flights canceled after pneumonia virus outbreak - VnExpress International. Retrieved March 14, 2020 . 
25. ↑ VnExpress: vietjet air to send back Chinese tourists from Wuhan - VnExpress International. Retrieved March 14, 2020 . 
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27. ↑ VnExpress: PM orders 14-day quarantine for everyone entering Vietnam from China - VnExpress International. Retrieved March 15, 2020 . 
28. ↑ VnExpress: Vietnam evacuees recall Wuhan airlift, homecoming - VnExpress International. Retrieved March 15, 2020 . 
29. ↑ VnExpress: Vietnam to suspend visa-free entry for South Koreans amide coronavirus outbreak - VnExpress International. Retrieved March 14, 2020 . 
30. ↑ VnExpress: Vietnam suspends visa waiver for Italians as coronavirus knocks - VnExpress International. Retrieved March 14, 2020 . 
31. ↑ VnExpress: Vietnam suspends visa waiver for eight European countries over coronavirus fears - VnExpress International. Retrieved March 14, 2020 . 
32. ↑ VnExpress: Covid-19 moves: Vietnam suspends entry for Schengen, UK arrivals - VnExpress International. Retrieved March 14, 2020 . 
33. ↑ Strict new rules on Vietnam Airlines flights from Europe. Retrieved March 15, 2020 . 
34. ↑ VnExpress: Vietnam suspends visas for all foreign arrivals to limit Covid-19 - VnExpress International. Retrieved March 17, 2020 (English). 
35. ↑ VnExpress: Covid-19 impact: Vietnam to quarantine all overseas arrivals - VnExpress International. Retrieved April 20, 2020 (English). 
36. ↑ VnExpress: mission Midnight: Passengers taken to Hanoi quarantine facility - VnExpress International. Retrieved April 20, 2020 (English). 
37. ↑ VnExpress: Vietnam Airlines suspends all flights to France, Malaysia - VnExpress International. Retrieved March 19, 2020 . 
38. ↑ VnExpress: Covid-19 grounds Vietnam international flights - VnExpress International. Retrieved April 2, 2020 . 
39. ↑ VnExpress: Vietnam Airlines to suspend all international flights until April 30 - VnExpress International. Retrieved March 19, 2020 . 
40. ↑ VnExpress: Vietnam urges people to stay at home, bans gatherings of more than two - VnExpress International. Retrieved April 18, 2020 (English). 
41. ↑ VnExpress: Vietnam fines 18 foreigners for social distancing violations - VnExpress International. Retrieved April 18, 2020 (English). 
42. ↑ VnExpress: Vietnam cuts air, road transportation to curb Covid-19 - VnExpress International. Retrieved April 2, 2020 . 
43. ↑ VnExpress: Vietnam closes borders with Laos, Cambodia in Covid-19 fight - VnExpress International. Retrieved April 2, 2020 . 
44. ↑ VnExpress: Vietnam marks one week clean of new Covid-19 cases - VnExpress International. Retrieved April 22, 2020 (English). 
45. ↑ VnExpress: Transport Ministry greenlights more domestic flights - VnExpress International. Accessed April 30, 2020 (English). 
46. ↑ VnExpress: Vietnam province isolates commune with seven coronavirus patients - VnExpress International. Retrieved March 15, 2020 . 
47. ↑ VnExpress: Vietnam ends lockdown for coronavirus commune - VnExpress International. Retrieved March 15, 2020 . 
48. ↑ VnExpress: Vietnam prepares large-scale quarantine in Covid-19 fight - VnExpress International. Retrieved March 15, 2020 . 
49. ↑ VnExpress: Hanoi, HCMC among localities zu weiterer extend school break - VnExpress International. Retrieved March 15, 2020 . 
50. ↑ VnExpress: Hanoi, Saigon prolong school closure as coronavirus plays havoc - VnExpress International. Retrieved March 15, 2020 . 
51. ↑ Ho Chi Minh City shuts down all cinemas, clubs, bars to curb COVID-19. Retrieved March 15, 2020 (vi-VN). 
52. ↑ VnExpress: Hanoi tourist sites close for disinfection - VnExpress International. Retrieved March 15, 2020 . 
53. ↑ Only emerging Asia will see growth in grim 2020, IMF says. Retrieved April 16, 2020 (UK English). 
54. ↑ BRIEF-Fitch revises down Vietnam 2020 real GDP growth forecast to 2.8% from 6.3% . In: Reuters . March 31, 2020 ( reuters.com [accessed April 2, 2020]).
55. ↑ VnExpress: Vietnam to grow 3.3 pct this year: Standard Chartered - VnExpress International. Retrieved April 29, 2020 . 
56. ↑ BRIEF-ADB: Vietnam's 2020 GDP growth seen slowing to 4.8% (vs 7.02% in 2019) over coronavirus . In: Reuters . April 3, 2020 ( reuters.com [accessed April 3, 2020]).
57. ↑ World Bank cuts Vietnam's 2020 GDP growth outlook to 4.9% | The Star Online. Retrieved April 2, 2020 . 
58. ↑ VnExpress: GDP could shrink for first time since opening up economy - VnExpress International. Accessed April 13, 2020 (English). 
59. ↑ GDP growth (annual%) - Vietnam | Data. Retrieved April 13, 2020 . 
60. ↑ VnExpress: Covid-19 threatens to knock 0.41 pct off Vietnam GDP - VnExpress International. Retrieved March 14, 2020 . 
61. ↑ VNINDEX Quote - Vietnam Ho Chi Minh Stock Index / VN Index. Retrieved March 15, 2020 . 
62. ↑ VnExpress: VN-Index experiences another historic losing session - VnExpress International. Retrieved March 23, 2020 (English). 
63. ↑ VnExpress: VN-Index experiences another historic losing session - VnExpress International. Retrieved March 23, 2020 (English). 
64. ^ Central bank cuts key interest rates to cushion pandemic impact. Retrieved March 17, 2020 (English). 
65. ↑ VnExpress: Five million Vietnamese workers lose jobs to Covid-19 - VnExpress International. Retrieved April 29, 2020 . 
66. ↑ VnExpress: Coronavirus claims one more victim: auto sales - VnExpress International. Retrieved March 14, 2020 . 
67. ↑ VnExpress: Vietnam welcomes 38 percent less foreigners in four months - VnExpress International. Accessed April 30, 2020 (English). 
68. ↑ VnExpress: Vietnam Airlines loses up to $ 10.8 million a week to Covid-19 - VnExpress International. Retrieved March 15, 2020 . 
69. ↑ VnExpress: 10,000 Vietnam Airlines staff take unpaid leave over Covid-19 crisis - VnExpress International. Retrieved April 5, 2020 . 
70. ↑ VnExpress: 10,000 Vietnam Airlines staff take unpaid leave over Covid-19 crisis - VnExpress International. Retrieved April 5, 2020 . 
71. ↑ Bamboo Airways Delays European Boeing 787 Debut. March 10, 2020, accessed March 15, 2020 (American English). 
72. ↑ Formula 1 2020: Bahrain and Vietnam now officially canceled. Retrieved March 15, 2020 . 
73. ↑ Hải Phòng tie with Quảng Nam in V.League 1. Retrieved March 15, 2020 (English). 
74. ↑ VnExpress: National football league postponed due to Covid-19 pandemic - VnExpress International. Retrieved March 15, 2020 . 
75. ↑ ^{a b} Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) situation reports; Coronavirus disease (COVID-2019) situation reports. WHO, accessed on August 12, 2020 . 
76. ↑ ^{a b} Cases reported to WHO by national authorities are listed here. Since the situation is very dynamic, there may be discrepancies or delays between the cases of the WHO and the data of national authorities as well as the information provided by other bodies, such as the Johns Hopkins University (CSSE). The reporting period is set out in the respective WHO report above and in most cases is set from 10 a.m. on the previous day to 10 a.m. on the reporting day CET .
77. ↑ ^{a b} On August 16, 2020, the daily announcement of the numbers was changed to a weekly rhythm. The numbers of the first weekly report ( August 17, 2020 , pdf) are identical to those of the WHO report No. 209 (August 16, 2020, pdf) and are also based on the status of August 16, 2020 at 10 a.m. after the report itself is shown . They can therefore be continued seamlessly from the second weekly report ( August 24, 2020 , pdf), as this was announced accordingly at 10 a.m. on August 23, 2020. In order not to make this too confusing, the date of the publication (August 24th) is not used here for the database (August 23rd).
78. ^ Johns Hopkins Coronavirus Resource Center. Retrieved April 22, 2020 (English). 
79. ↑ CSSEGISandData / COVID-20. Retrieved April 22, 2020 (English). 

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