Kravaře: Difference between revisions

Coordinates: 49°56′10″N 18°0′37″E / 49.93611°N 18.01028°E / 49.93611; 18.01028
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:''For a village in [[Liberec Region]] see [[Kravaře (Česká Lípa District)]].''
{{For|the municipality in the Liberec Region|Kravaře (Česká Lípa District)}}
{{Infobox settlement
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Kravaře
| name = Kravaře
| native_name =
| other_name =
| other_name =
| settlement_type = Town
| settlement_type = [[Obec|Town]]
<!-- images, nickname, motto -->
<!-- images -->
| image_skyline = Zámek Kravaře1.jpg
| image_skyline = Schloss Deutsch Krawarn.jpg
| image_caption = Kravaře Castle
| image_caption = Kravaře Castle
| image_flag = Vlajka města Kravaře.svg
| image_flag = Vlajka města Kravaře.svg
| image_shield = Coat of arms of Kravaře (Opava District).svg
| image_shield = Coat of arms of Kravaře (Opava District).svg
| motto =
| nickname =
| etymology =
<!-- location -->
<!-- location -->
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = Czech Republic
| subdivision_name = {{CZE}}
| subdivision_type1 =
| subdivision_type1 = [[Regions of the Czech Republic|Region]]
| subdivision_name1 =
| subdivision_name1 = [[Moravian-Silesian Region|Moravian-Silesian]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[Regions of the Czech Republic|Region]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[Districts of the Czech Republic|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Moravian-Silesian Region|Moravian-Silesian]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Opava District|Opava]]
| subdivision_type3 = [[Districts of the Czech Republic|District]]
| subdivision_name3 = [[Opava District|Opava]]
| subdivision_type4 =
| subdivision_name4 =
<!-- maps and coordinates -->
<!-- maps and coordinates -->
| image_map =
| image_map =
| map_caption =
| map_caption =
| pushpin_map = Czechia
| pushpin_map = Czech Republic
| pushpin_relief =
| pushpin_relief = 1
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in the Czech Republic
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in the Czech Republic
| coordinates = {{coord|49|56|10|N|18|00|37|E|display=inline,title}}
| coordinates = {{coord|49|56|10|N|18|0|37|E|display=inline,title}}
| coordinates_footnotes =
| coordinates_footnotes =
<!-- government type, leaders -->
<!-- government type, leaders -->
| leader_title = Mayor
| leader_title = Mayor
| leader_name = [[Monika Žídková]]
| leader_name = Monika Brzesková
| leader_party = {{polparty|Czech Republic|KDU-CSL}}
<!-- established -->
<!-- established -->
| established_title = First mentioned
| established_title = First mentioned
Line 41: Line 34:
| area_footnotes =
| area_footnotes =
| area_total_km2 = 19.37
| area_total_km2 = 19.37
| area_total_sq_mi =
| area_land_sq_mi =
| area_water_sq_mi =
<!-- elevation -->
<!-- elevation -->
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m = 233
| elevation_m = 233
| elevation_ft =
<!-- population -->
<!-- population -->
| population_as_of = 2012-01-01
| population_as_of = 2023-01-01
| population_footnotes = <ref>{{cite web |title=Population of Municipalities – 1 January 2023|url=https://www.czso.cz/csu/czso/population-of-municipalities-1-january-2023|publisher=[[Czech Statistical Office]]|date=2023-05-23}}</ref>
| population_footnotes =
| population_total = 6736
| population_total = 6624
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_density_sq_mi=
| population_demonym =
<!-- time zone(s) -->
<!-- time zone(s) -->
| timezone1 = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| timezone1 = [[Central European Time|CET]]
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| postal_code_type = Postal code
| postal_code_type = Postal code
| postal_code = 747 21
| postal_code = 747 21
| area_code_type =
| area_code_type =
| area_code =
| area_code =
| geocode =
| iso_code =
<!-- website, footnotes -->
<!-- website, footnotes -->
| website = [http://www.kravare.cz// www.kravare.cz/]
| website = {{URL|https://www.kravare.cz/}}
| footnotes =
| footnotes =
}}
}}
'''Kravaře''' ({{IPA-cs|ˈkravar̝ɛ}}; {{lang-de|Deutsch-Krawarn}}) is a town in [[Silesia]] in the [[Czech Republic]]. It has 6,650 inhabitants. It is located between [[Ostrava]] ({{convert|20|km}} away) and [[Opava]] ({{convert|10|km}} away). It is part of the [[Hlučínsko]] micro-region.
'''Kravaře''' ({{IPA-cs|ˈkravar̝ɛ}}; {{lang-de|Deutsch Krawarn}}) is a town in [[Opava District]] the [[Moravian-Silesian Region]] of the [[Czech Republic]]. It has about 6,600 inhabitants. It is part of the historic [[Hlučín Region]].


==Administrative parts==
==History of the town==
{{stack|[[File:Kravaře u Opavy (2).jpg|thumb|Town hall]]}}
The first historical record of Kravaře is from 1224. For centuries Kravaře was only a village; it gained town status in 1960.
Town parts of Dvořisko and Kouty are administrative parts of Kravaře.


==Geography==
Being located in the multi-ethnic [[Hlučín Region]] of [[Czech Silesia]], Kravaře was a notable exception to the mass [[Expulsion of the Germans from Czechoslovakia]] following [[World War II]], retaining a sizeable ethnic German community. {{As of|2006}}, ethnic Germans were a majority of the town's inhabitants, one of them being its mayor.
Kravaře is located about {{convert|6|km|0}} east of [[Opava]] and {{convert|20|km|abbr=on}} northwest of [[Ostrava]]. It lies in the [[Głubczyce Plateau|Opava Hilly Land]]. The town is situated on the left bank of the [[Opava (river)|Opava]] River.

==History==
The first written mention of Kravaře is from 1224. Kouty was first mentioned in 1238 and Dvořisko in the second half of the 18th century. Between 1224 and 1263, the Kravaře estate was acquired by the lords from [[Benešov]], who were further known as lords of Kravaře. From 13th to 15th century, it was one of the richest families in [[Moravia]]. In the second half of the 13th century, they had built a fortress in Kravaře. The last owner of Kravaře from this family was Petr Strážnický, who was forced to sell Kravaře in 1420.<ref name=history>{{cite web |title=Historie města|url=https://www.kravare.cz/mesto/historie-mesta/|publisher=Město Kravaře|language=cs|access-date=2022-03-21}}</ref>

The next important owner of Kravaře was [[Michael Sendivogius]], who received the estate during the [[Thirty Years' War]]. After his death in 1636, his daughter married the free lord of Eichendorff. In 1721–1728, Jan Rudolf Eichendorff had rebuilt the fortress into a late Baroque castle. The Eichendorffs had to sell the estate in 1782 due to debts. After that, Kravaře were held by less important owners.<ref name=history/><ref name=castle>{{cite web |title=Historie|url=https://www.zamekkravare.cz/o-zamku/historie/|publisher=Kravaře Castle|language=cs|access-date=2022-03-21}}</ref>

Since 1742 Kravaře and Kouty belonged to [[Kingdom of Prussia|Prussia]] after [[Maria Theresa]] had been defeated. Dvořisko, located behind the Opava River, remained in [[Austrian Empire]]. In 1920, the area of Hlučín Region was returned to [[Czechoslovakia]]. During [[World War II]], it was annexed by [[Nazi Germany]] and administered as part of [[Reichsgau Sudetenland]].<ref name=history/>

For centuries, Kravaře was only a village. In 1960, Kouty and Dvořisko were annexed to Kravaře and the new municipality gained the status of a town.<ref name=history/>

==Demographics==
{{historical populations
|align=none|cols=3
|1869|4527
|1880|4609
|1890|4847
|1900|5340
|1910|5475
|1921|6199
|1930|6018
|1950|5354
|1961|5989
|1970|5949
|1980|6395
|1991|6560
|2001|6693
|2011|6570
|2021|6537
|source=Censuses<ref>{{cite web |title=Historický lexikon obcí České republiky 1869–2011 – Okres Opava|url=https://www.czso.cz/documents/10180/20537734/130084150805.pdf/74ea6676-9dd7-4c85-a985-ffbb4f9eb0f1?version=1.2|publisher=Czech Statistical Office|pages=5–6|language=cs|date=2015-12-21}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Population Census 2021: Population by sex|url=https://vdb.czso.cz/vdbvo2/faces/en/index.jsf?page=vystup-objekt-parametry&z=T&f=TABULKA&sp=A&skupId=4429&katalog=33515&pvo=SLD21001-OB-OK|work=Public Database|publisher=[[Czech Statistical Office]]|date=2021-03-27}}</ref>}}


==Sport==
==Sport==
[[File:Kravaře, golfové hřiště - panoramio.jpg|thumb|Golf course in the castle park]]
There is an ice-hockey venue [[Buly Arena Kravaře|Buly Aréna]], which was opened in 2003. The town's football team is [[SK Kravaře]].
There is an ice-hockey venue [[Buly Arena Kravaře|Buly Aréna]], which was opened in 2003. It has a capacity of 640 seats.<ref>{{cite web |title=Ledová plocha|url=https://www.bulyarena.cz/sportoviste/ledova-plocha/|publisher=Buly Aréna Kravaře|language=cs|access-date=2022-03-21}}</ref>


==Notable people born in Kravaře==
The town's football team is [[MFK Kravaře]].
*[[Alois Hadamczik]] - head coach of [[Czech national ice hockey team]]
*[[Josef Jařab]] - the rector of the [[Palacký University of Olomouc]], professor in English and American Studies
*[[Pavel Kravař]] - a [[Hussite]] physician burned at the stake for heresy in [[St Andrews]], Scotland in 1433
*[[Erich Šefčík]] - Silesian historian, founder of the local Museum
*[[Ivo Žídek]] - soloist of [[National Theatre (Prague)|National Theatre]] in [[Prague]]
*[[Monika Žídková]] - Miss Europe 1995


There is a [[golf course]] in the castle park.<ref name=park>{{cite web |title=Zámecký park|url=https://www.zamekkravare.cz/o-zamku/zamecky-park/|publisher=Kravaře Castle|language=cs|access-date=2022-03-21}}</ref>
== Gallery ==

==Sights==
[[File:Kravaře u Opavy (5).jpg|thumb|Church of Saint Bartholomew]]
One of the two main landmarks of the towns is Kravaře Castle. In 1990, the Baroque castle was acquired by the town. Today it serves as a cultural and social centre and houses a museum with permanent baroque and ethnographic exhibitions.<ref name=castle/> The castle includes a {{convert|21|ha|abbr=on}} large castle park with several ponds and with several rare tree species.<ref name=park/>

The second landmark is the Church of Saint Bartholomew. The oldest part of the church is the white Renaissance tower from the early 16th century. The neo-Gothic church complex which includes the nave, the rectory and the former convent of the Sisters of the Heart of God (today the town hall), was built at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries. The church was consecrated in 1896. Near the church there is a baroque sandstone statue of St. John of Nepomuk from 1730.<ref>{{cite web |title=Kostel sv. Bartoloměje|url=https://www.kravare.cz/pro-turisty/pamatky-a-zajimava-mista/kostel-sv-bartolomeje-0_248.html|publisher=Město Kravaře|language=cs|access-date=2022-03-21}}</ref>

==Notable people==
*[[Pavel Kravař]] (1391–1433), [[Hussite]] physician burned at the stake for heresy
*[[Michael Sendivogius]] (1566–1636), Polish alchemist, philosopher and physician; lived and died here
*[[Karl Albert Scherner]] (1825–1889), German philosopher and psychologist
*[[Ivo Žídek]] (1926–2003), opera singer
*[[Josef Jařab]] (1937–2023), academic and politician
*[[Evžen Hadamczik]] (1939–1984), football player and manager
*[[Alois Hadamczik]] (born 1952), ice hockey coach

==Twin towns – sister cities==
{{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in the Czech Republic}}
Kravaře is [[Sister city|twinned]] with:<ref>{{cite web |title=Partnerská města|url=https://www.kravare.cz/mesto/partnerska-mesta/|publisher=Město Kravaře|language=cs|access-date=2022-03-21}}</ref>
*{{flagicon|SVK}} [[Lisková]], Slovakia
*{{flagicon|POL}} [[Lubliniec]], Poland
*{{flagicon|POL}} [[Gmina Woźniki|Woźniki]], Poland

==Gallery==
<gallery>
<gallery>
Kostel sv. Bartoloměje 8, hlavní (západní) brána vstupu do areálu..JPG|The main gate to the church complex
File:Kravaře, kaplička.JPG|Chapel
Kravaře, fara.JPG|Rectory
File:Kravaře, golfové hřiště - panoramio.jpg|Grass-cutting of the golf field
File:Kravaře, fara.JPG|Rectory
Kravaře, kaplička.JPG|Chapel
</gallery>
</gallery>

==References==
{{reflist}}


==External links==
==External links==
{{commons category|Kravaře (Opava District)|Kravaře}}
{{commons category|Kravaře (Opava District)|Kravaře}}
* [http://www.kravare.cz Official website]
*{{official|https://www.kravare.cz/}}


{{Opava District}}
{{Opava District}}

{{authority control}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Kravare}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Kravare}}
[[Category:Populated places in Opava District]]
[[Category:Populated places in Opava District]]
[[Category:Cities and towns in the Czech Republic]]
[[Category:Cities and towns in the Czech Republic]]
[[Category:Hlučín Region]]

{{MoraviaSilesia-geo-stub}}

Latest revision as of 09:15, 25 May 2023

For the municipality in the Liberec Region, see Kravaře (Česká Lípa District).
Kravaře
Town
Kravaře Castle
Kravaře Castle
Flag of Kravaře
Flag
Coat of arms of Kravaře
Coat of arms
Kravaře is located in Czech Republic
Kravaře
Kravaře
Location in the Czech Republic
Coordinates: 49°56′10″N 18°0′37″E / 49.93611°N 18.01028°E / 49.93611; 18.01028
Country Czech Republic
RegionMoravian-Silesian
DistrictOpava
First mentioned1224
Government
 • MayorMonika Brzesková (KDU-ČSL)
Area
 • Total19.37 km2 (7.48 sq mi)
Elevation
233 m (764 ft)
Population
 (2023-01-01)[1]
 • Total6,624
 • Density340/km2 (890/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
747 21
Websitewww.kravare.cz

Kravaře (Czech pronunciation: [ˈkravar̝ɛ]; German: Deutsch Krawarn) is a town in Opava District the Moravian-Silesian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 6,600 inhabitants. It is part of the historic Hlučín Region.

Administrative parts[edit]

Town hall

Town parts of Dvořisko and Kouty are administrative parts of Kravaře.

Geography[edit]

Kravaře is located about 6 kilometres (4 mi) east of Opava and 20 km (12 mi) northwest of Ostrava. It lies in the Opava Hilly Land. The town is situated on the left bank of the Opava River.

History[edit]

The first written mention of Kravaře is from 1224. Kouty was first mentioned in 1238 and Dvořisko in the second half of the 18th century. Between 1224 and 1263, the Kravaře estate was acquired by the lords from Benešov, who were further known as lords of Kravaře. From 13th to 15th century, it was one of the richest families in Moravia. In the second half of the 13th century, they had built a fortress in Kravaře. The last owner of Kravaře from this family was Petr Strážnický, who was forced to sell Kravaře in 1420.[2]

The next important owner of Kravaře was Michael Sendivogius, who received the estate during the Thirty Years' War. After his death in 1636, his daughter married the free lord of Eichendorff. In 1721–1728, Jan Rudolf Eichendorff had rebuilt the fortress into a late Baroque castle. The Eichendorffs had to sell the estate in 1782 due to debts. After that, Kravaře were held by less important owners.[2][3]

Since 1742 Kravaře and Kouty belonged to Prussia after Maria Theresa had been defeated. Dvořisko, located behind the Opava River, remained in Austrian Empire. In 1920, the area of Hlučín Region was returned to Czechoslovakia. During World War II, it was annexed by Nazi Germany and administered as part of Reichsgau Sudetenland.[2]

For centuries, Kravaře was only a village. In 1960, Kouty and Dvořisko were annexed to Kravaře and the new municipality gained the status of a town.[2]

Demographics[edit]

Historical population
YearPop.±%
18694,527—    
18804,609+1.8%
18904,847+5.2%
19005,340+10.2%
19105,475+2.5%
YearPop.±%
19216,199+13.2%
19306,018−2.9%
19505,354−11.0%
19615,989+11.9%
19705,949−0.7%
YearPop.±%
19806,395+7.5%
19916,560+2.6%
20016,693+2.0%
20116,570−1.8%
20216,537−0.5%
Source: Censuses[4][5]

Sport[edit]

Golf course in the castle park

There is an ice-hockey venue Buly Aréna, which was opened in 2003. It has a capacity of 640 seats.[6]

The town's football team is MFK Kravaře.

There is a golf course in the castle park.[7]

Sights[edit]

Church of Saint Bartholomew

One of the two main landmarks of the towns is Kravaře Castle. In 1990, the Baroque castle was acquired by the town. Today it serves as a cultural and social centre and houses a museum with permanent baroque and ethnographic exhibitions.[3] The castle includes a 21 ha (52 acres) large castle park with several ponds and with several rare tree species.[7]

The second landmark is the Church of Saint Bartholomew. The oldest part of the church is the white Renaissance tower from the early 16th century. The neo-Gothic church complex which includes the nave, the rectory and the former convent of the Sisters of the Heart of God (today the town hall), was built at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries. The church was consecrated in 1896. Near the church there is a baroque sandstone statue of St. John of Nepomuk from 1730.[8]

Notable people[edit]

Twin towns – sister cities[edit]

See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in the Czech Republic

Kravaře is twinned with:[9]

Gallery[edit]

  • The main gate to the church complex
    The main gate to the church complex
  • Rectory
    Rectory
  • Chapel
    Chapel

References[edit]

  1. ^ "Population of Municipalities – 1 January 2023". Czech Statistical Office. 2023-05-23.
  2. ^ a b c d "Historie města" (in Czech). Město Kravaře. Retrieved 2022-03-21.
  3. ^ a b "Historie" (in Czech). Kravaře Castle. Retrieved 2022-03-21.
  4. ^ "Historický lexikon obcí České republiky 1869–2011 – Okres Opava" (in Czech). Czech Statistical Office. 2015-12-21. pp. 5–6.
  5. ^ "Population Census 2021: Population by sex". Public Database. Czech Statistical Office. 2021-03-27.
  6. ^ "Ledová plocha" (in Czech). Buly Aréna Kravaře. Retrieved 2022-03-21.
  7. ^ a b "Zámecký park" (in Czech). Kravaře Castle. Retrieved 2022-03-21.
  8. ^ "Kostel sv. Bartoloměje" (in Czech). Město Kravaře. Retrieved 2022-03-21.
  9. ^ "Partnerská města" (in Czech). Město Kravaře. Retrieved 2022-03-21.

External links[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Kravaře.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kravaře&oldid=1156932791"