Roman Campagna

This article is about the region. For the painting, see Roman Campagna (painting).

William Stanley Haseltine - Morning Light, Roman Campagna, 1871

The Roman Campagna (Italian: campagna romana) is a low-lying area surrounding Rome in the Lazio region of central Italy, with an area of approximately 2,100 square kilometres (810 sq mi).

It is bordered by the Tolfa and Sabatini mountains to the north, the Alban Hills to the southeast, and the Tyrrhenian Sea to the southwest. The rivers Tiber and Aniene run through the area.

History

During the Ancient Roman period, it was an important agricultural and residential area, but it was abandoned during the Middle Ages due to malaria and insufficient water supplies for farming needs. The pastoral beauty of the Campagna inspired the painters who flocked into Rome in the 18th and 19th centuries. During that time, the Campagna became the most painted landscape in Europe (see Gallery below). An excursion into the Roman countryside was an essential part of the Grand Tour.

The region was reclaimed in the 19th and 20th centuries for use in mixed farming, and new settlements have been built. Starting with the 1950s, the expansion of Rome destroyed large parts of the Campagna, all around the city. The only continuous green area where the natural resources of the region were saved from overbuilding is along the Appian Way.

Gallery

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  By Massimo d'Azeglio
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  By Johann Wilhelm Schirmer
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  By Johann Wilhelm Schirmer
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  By Jacques Sablet
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  By Gabriel Perelle
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  By Thomas Cole
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  By George Inness
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  By Karel Dujardin
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  By Károly Markó the Elder
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  By Jean Achille Benouville, View of the Ponte Nomentano in the Roman Campagna
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  By Charles-François Daubigny
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  By Jervis McEntee,Journey's Pause in the Roman Campagna
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  By Claude Gellée,A view of the Roman Campagna from Tivoli
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  By Johann Heinrich Wilhelm Tischbein, Goethe in the Roman Campagna, 1787
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  By Pierre-Nicolas Brisset,View of the Ponte Nomentano
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  By Frank Fox
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  By Nicolas Antoine Taunay
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  By Jan Frans van Bloemen, A Scene in the Roman Campagna, 1736
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  By Johann Heinrich Wilhelm Tischbein
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  By Johann Heinrich Wilhelm Tischbein
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  By Edmund Behles
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  By Wilhelm Oswald Gustav Achenbach
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  By Franz Ludwig Catel
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  By Franz Nadorp
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  By Claude Lorrain
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  By Claude Lorrain
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  By Thomas Worthington Whittredge, The Amphitheatre of Tusculum and Albano Mountains, Rome, 1860
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  By Joseph Wright,The Convent of San Cosimato, c.1786
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  By Abraham-Louis-Rodolphe Ducros, Pope Pius VI's visit to the Pontine Marshes (1786)
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  By Carl Spitzweg, English tourists in the Roman Campagna
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  By Donald McLeish, Two Gay Ragazzi of the Campagna
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  By Arthur John Strutt
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  Photo
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  Photo
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  Photo
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  Map
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  Map of Papal State Campagna province with Pontine Marshes (18th century)
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  Gerardus Mercator's map
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  1547 map
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  Map of Latium & Sabina

Sources

• Carocci, Sandro; Vendittelli, Marco (2004). L'origine della Campagna Romana. Casali, castelli e villaggi nel XII e XIII secolo. Rome: Società Romana di Storia Patria.