Streptococcus mitis: Difference between revisions
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== Moon Surveyor 3 Probe == |
== Moon Surveyor 3 Probe == |
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=== Approach === |
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It has been reported that Streptococcus mitis identified and survived for over two years on the Surveyor 3 probe on the Moon. However, many NASA scientists speculate that this is most probably due to contamination upon return to Earth. The Apollo 12 crew received pieces of Surveyor in 1969, one of these was the TV camera. The probe was then analyzed to consider how the lunar environment affected the material. Surveyor 3 had not been sterilized before its launch because scientists wanted to see if organisms could survive the two and half years on the moon, so looking for surviving organic material was a part of this analysis. <ref name=":0" /> |
It has been reported that Streptococcus mitis identified and survived for over two years on the Surveyor 3 probe on the Moon. However, many NASA scientists speculate that this is most probably due to contamination upon return to Earth. The Apollo 12 crew received pieces of Surveyor in 1969, one of these was the TV camera. The probe was then analyzed to consider how the lunar environment affected the material. Surveyor 3 had not been sterilized before its launch because scientists wanted to see if organisms could survive the two and half years on the moon, so looking for surviving organic material was a part of this analysis. <ref name=":0" /> |
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Revision as of 21:47, 29 March 2022
| Streptococcus mitis | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Bacteria |
| Phylum: | Bacillota |
| Class: | Bacilli |
| Order: | Lactobacillales |
| Family: | Streptococcaceae |
| Genus: | Streptococcus |
| Species: | S. mitis
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| Binomial name | |
| Streptococcus mitis Andrewes and Horder 1906 (Approved Lists 1980)
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Streptococcus mitis, previously known as Streptococcus mitior, is a mesophilic alpha-hemolytic species of Streptococcus that inhabits the human mouth. It is most commonly found in the throat, nasopharynx, and mouth. It is a Gram-positive coccus, facultative anaerobe and catalase negative. It can cause infective endocarditis.[1] It has been widely reported that this organism survived for over two years on the Surveyor 3 probe on the Moon; but some NASA scientists suggest this may be a result of contamination during or after return of Surveyor parts to Earth.[2]
Natural genetic transformation
S. mitis is competent for natural genetic transformation. Thus S. mitis cells are able to take up exogenous DNA and incorporate exogenous sequence information into their genome by homologous recombination.[3] These bacteria can employ a predatory fratricidal mechanism for active acquisition of homologous DNA.[3]
See also
Moon Surveyor 3 Probe
Approach
It has been reported that Streptococcus mitis identified and survived for over two years on the Surveyor 3 probe on the Moon. However, many NASA scientists speculate that this is most probably due to contamination upon return to Earth. The Apollo 12 crew received pieces of Surveyor in 1969, one of these was the TV camera. The probe was then analyzed to consider how the lunar environment affected the material. Surveyor 3 had not been sterilized before its launch because scientists wanted to see if organisms could survive the two and half years on the moon, so looking for surviving organic material was a part of this analysis. [2]
References
- ^ Lamas, C. C.; Eykyn, S. J. (2003). "Blood culture negative endocarditis: Analysis of 63 cases presenting over 25 years". Heart. 89 (3): 258–262. doi:10.1136/heart.89.3.258. PMC 1767579. PMID 12591823..
- ^ a b "Surveyor 3 Streptococcus Mitis (APSTREPMIT)". NASA. Retrieved 27 December 2015.
- ^ a b Johnsborg O, Eldholm V, Bjørnstad ML, Håvarstein LS (2008). "A predatory mechanism dramatically increases the efficiency of lateral gene transfer in Streptococcus pneumoniae and related commensal species". Mol. Microbiol. 69 (1): 245–53. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2008.06288.x. PMID 18485065. S2CID 30923996.
External links
- S. mitis subdural empyema from MedPix
- Type strain of Streptococcus mitis at BacDive - the Bacterial Diversity Metadatabase
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