Rolls-Royce Gem: Difference between revisions

Gem
	Rolls-Royce Gem at The Helicopter Museum (Weston)
Type	Turboshaft
National origin	United Kingdom
Manufacturer	Rolls-Royce Limited
Major applications	Westland Lynx

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Latest revision as of 13:59, 18 June 2023

The Rolls-Royce Gem is a turboshaft engine developed specifically for the Westland Lynx helicopter in the 1970s. The design started off at de Havilland Engine division (hence the name starting with "G") and passed to Bristol Siddeley as the BS.360. Rolls-Royce bought out Bristol Siddeley in 1966 and after it dropped the Bristol Siddeley identity the engine became the RS.360.^[1]

Design and development[edit]

The Gem's three-shaft engine configuration is rather unusual for turboshaft/turboprop engines. Basic arrangement is a four-stage axial LP (Low Pressure) compressor, driven by a single stage LP turbine, supercharging a centrifugal HP (High Pressure) compressor, driven by a single stage HP turbine. Power is delivered to the load via a third shaft, connected to a two-stage free (power) turbine. A reverse flow combustor is featured.^[2]

The Gem 42 develops 1,000 shp (750 kW) at Take-off, Sea Level Static, ISA, but the Maximum Contingency Rating (MCR) is 1,120 shp (840 kW).

Until recently all versions of the Lynx have been Gem powered. However, now that Rolls-Royce own Allison, they have been marketing the more modern LHTEC T800, developed jointly with Honeywell.

Applications[edit]

Engines on display[edit]

East Midlands Aeropark
Midland Air Museum
The Helicopter Museum (Weston)
111 (Sunderland) Squadron ATC
South Yorkshire Aircraft Museum

Specifications (Gem 42)[edit]

Rolls-Royce Gem on display at the Midland Air Museum

Data from Rolls-Royce^[3]

General characteristics

Type: Triple-shaft two-spool turboshaft
Length: 43.4 in (1090 mm)
Diameter: 23.5 in (590 mm)
Dry weight: 414 lb (187 kg)

Components

Compressor: 4-stage axial LP, single-stage centrifugal HP
Turbine: 2-stage power turbine, single-stage LP, single-stage HP

Performance

Maximum power output: 1,000 shp (746 kW)
Overall pressure ratio: 12:1
Air mass flow: 7 lb/sec

References[edit]

Notes[edit]

^ Gunston 1989, p. 155.
^ Rolls-Royce Gem product page
^ Rolls-Royce Gem 42 factsheet Archived 17 December 2010 at the Wayback Machine www.rolls-royce.com. Retrieved: 16 July 2009

Bibliography[edit]

Gunston, Bill. World Encyclopedia of Aero Engines. Cambridge, England. Patrick Stephens Limited, 1989. ISBN 1-85260-163-9

Wilson, Michael (1972). "Rolls-Royce/Turbomeca BS.360". Flight International. Archived from the original on 6 March 2016.

External links[edit]

Rolls-Royce Gem product page

[1] Gunston 1989, p. 155.

[2] Rolls-Royce Gem product page

[3] Rolls-Royce Gem 42 factsheet Archived 17 December 2010 at the Wayback Machine www.rolls-royce.com. Retrieved: 16 July 2009

[1]

[2]

[3]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{short description|1970s British turboshaft aircraft engine}}
 <!-- This article is a part of [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft]]. Please see [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft/page content]] for recommended layout. -->
+{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2018}}
-{|{{Infobox Aircraft Begin
+{{Use British English|date=January 2018}}
+{|{{Infobox aircraft begin
  |name=Gem
  |image= Rolls Royce Gem HMW.JPG
@@ Line 19: / Line 22: @@
 |}
-The '''Rolls-Royce Gem''' is a [[turboshaft]] engine developed specifically for the [[Westland Lynx]] [[helicopter]] in the 1970s. The design started off at [[de Havilland]] (hence the name starting with "G") and was passed to [[Bristol Siddeley]] as the '''BS.360'''. When Rolls-Royce bought out the latter in 1966, it became the '''RS.360'''.<ref>Gunston 1989, p. 155.</ref>
+The '''Rolls-Royce Gem''' is a [[turboshaft]] engine developed specifically for the [[Westland Lynx]] [[helicopter]] in the 1970s. The design started off at [[De Havilland Engine Company|de Havilland Engine division]] (hence the name starting with "G") and passed to [[Bristol Siddeley]] as the '''BS.360'''. Rolls-Royce bought out Bristol Siddeley in 1966 and after it dropped the Bristol Siddeley identity the engine became the '''RS.360'''.<ref>Gunston 1989, p. 155.</ref>
 ==Design and development==
@@ Line 26: / Line 29: @@
 The Gem 42 develops {{convert|1000|shp|abbr=on}} at Take-off, Sea Level Static, ISA, but the Maximum Contingency Rating (MCR) is {{convert|1120|shp|abbr=on}}.
-Until recently all versions of the Lynx have been Gem powered. However, now that Rolls-Royce own [[Allison Engine Company|Allison]], they have been marketing the more modern [[LHTEC T800]], developed jointly with [[Honeywell]]. The civil version, known as the CTS800, will power the AgustaWestland Super Lynx.
+Until recently all versions of the Lynx have been Gem powered. However, now that Rolls-Royce own [[Allison Engine Company|Allison]], they have been marketing the more modern [[LHTEC T800]], developed jointly with [[Honeywell]].
 ==Applications==
@@ Line 33: / Line 36: @@
 ==Engines on display==
+*East Midlands Aeropark
 *[[Midland Air Museum]]
 *[[The Helicopter Museum (Weston)]]
+*111 (Sunderland) Squadron ATC
+*South Yorkshire Aircraft Museum
 ==Specifications (Gem 42)==
-[[Image:RRGem.JPG|thumb|right|Rolls-Royce Gem on display at the [[Midland Air Museum]]]]
+[[File:RRGem.JPG|thumb|right|Rolls-Royce Gem on display at the [[Midland Air Museum]]]]
 {{jetspecs
 <!-- If you do not understand how to use this template, please ask at [[Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Aircraft]] -->
 <!-- Please include units where appropriate (main comes first, alt in parentheses). If data are missing, leave the parameter blank (do not delete it). For additional lines, end your alt units with )</li> and start a new, fully-formatted line with <li> -->
-|ref=''Rolls-Royce''<ref>[http://www.rolls-royce.com/Images/Gem_tcm92-6705.pdf Rolls-Royce Gem 42 factsheet] www.rolls-royce.com. Retrieved: 16 July 2009</ref>
+|ref=''Rolls-Royce''<ref>[http://www.rolls-royce.com/Images/Gem_tcm92-6705.pdf Rolls-Royce Gem 42 factsheet] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101217024018/http://www.rolls-royce.com/Images/Gem_tcm92-6705.pdf |date=17 December 2010 }} www.rolls-royce.com. Retrieved: 16 July 2009</ref>
 |type=Triple-shaft two-spool turboshaft
 |length= 43.4 in (1090 mm)
@@ Line 84: / Line 90: @@
 ==References==
 ===Notes===
 {{reflist}}
 ===Bibliography===
 {{refbegin}}
-* Gunston, Bill. ''World Encyclopedia of Aero Engines''. Cambridge, England. Patrick Stephens Limited, 1989. ISBN 1-85260-163-9
+* Gunston, Bill. ''World Encyclopedia of Aero Engines''. Cambridge, England. Patrick Stephens Limited, 1989. {{ISBN|1-85260-163-9}}
 {{refend}}
+*{{cite magazine |url=http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1972/1972%20-%200213.html |title=Rolls-Royce/Turbomeca BS.360 |date=1972 |work=Flight International |archive-date=2016-03-06 |archive-url=  https://web.archive.org/web/20160306215336/http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1972/1972%20-%200213.html |first=Michael |last=Wilson }}
 ==External links==
+{{commons category}}
-{{commonscat}}
 *[http://www.rolls-royce.com/defence/products/helicopters/gem.jsp Rolls-Royce Gem product page]
 {{RRaeroengines}}
 {{Bristol aeroengines}}
 {{DHaeroengines}}
-{{Aviation lists}}
-[[Category:Turboshaft engines 1970–1979]]
+[[Category:1970s turboshaft engines]]
 [[Category:De Havilland aircraft engines|Gem]]
 [[Category:Rolls-Royce aircraft gas turbine engines|Gem]]
+[[Category:Mixed-compressor gas turbines]]

v t e de Havilland aero engines
Piston engines	Ghost Gipsy Gipsy Junior Gipsy Minor Gipsy Major Gipsy Six Gipsy Queen Gipsy Twelve Gipsy King Iris
Turbojets	Ghost Goblin Gyron Gyron Junior
Turboprops/turboshafts	Gnome Gem
Rockets	Sprite Super Sprite Spectre
Designers	Geoffrey de Havilland Frank Halford