Federación Anarquista Ibérica and K. K. Downing: Difference between pages

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The '''Federación Anarquista Ibérica''' (''FAI'', ''[[Iberian Peninsula|Iberian]] Anarchist Federation'') is a [[Spain|Spanish]] organization of [[Anarchism|Anarchist]] ([[Anarcho-Syndicalism|Anarcho-Syndicalist]]) militants active within [[affinity group]]s inside the [[Confederación Nacional del Trabajo]] (CNT) [[trade union]]. It is often abbrieviated as '''CNT-FAI''' because of the close relationship between the two organizations. The FAI publishes the periodical ''Tierra y Libertad''.
| Name = K. K. Downing
[[Image:CNT FAI flag.png|thumb|175px|left|The CNT-FAI's version of the [[Anarchist_symbolism#Black_and_red_bisected_symbolism|Red and Black Flag]]]]
| Img = N2 JudasPriest-7.jpg
The ''Iberian'' part of its name alludes to the purpose of unifying Spanish and [[Portugal|Portuguese]] anarchists in a [[Pan-Iberism|Pan-Iberian]] organization. The FAI meetings were attended by members of the [[União Anarquista Portuguesa]] and the [[Confederação Geral do Trabalho]] (including the [[Zaragoza]] Congress of the CNT in 1936).
| Img_capt =
| Img_size =
| Landscape =
| Background = non_vocal_instrumentalist
| Birth_name = Kenneth Downing, Jr.
| Alias =
| Born = {{Birth date and age|1951|10|27|df=y}} [[West Bromwich]], [[England]]
| Died =
| Instrument = [[Guitar]]
| Genre = [[Heavy metal music|Heavy metal]]
| Occupation = [[Musician]], [[Songwriter]]
| Years_active = 1968 - Present
| Label = [[Columbia Records|Columbia]]
| Associated_acts = [[Judas Priest]]
| URL = [http://www.kkdowning.net Official website]
| Notable_instruments = [[Hamer Guitars|Hamer KK Downing Signature model]]
}}


'''Kenneth "K. K." Downing, Jr.''' (born [[27 October]] [[1951]] in Yew Tree Estate, [[Hill Top]] in [[West Bromwich]], [[England]]) is a [[guitarist]], [[songwriter]] and a founding member of the [[Great Britain|British]] [[Heavy metal music|heavy metal]] band [[Judas Priest]]. He received his stage name when a girl in [[Denmark]] could not pronounce his name and called him "K. K." instead.
==History==
It was founded [[Valencia (city in Spain)|Valencia]] in 1927 (after a preliminary meeting the previous year in [[Marseille]], [[France]]), to campaign for keeping the CNT on an Anarchist path by challenging the bureaucracy of CNT - which it viewed as having grown to become a mediating link between labor and [[Capital (economics)|capital]], rather than a representative of the [[working class]]. This issue was becoming especially tense, as [[Miguel Primo de Rivera]]'s [[Dictatorship|dictatorial regime]] took over in Spain, and engineered a crackdown on labor movements.


==Childhood==
The hegemony FAI gained over CNT politics caused the moderate [[Syndicalism|syndicalist]] members under [[Ángel Pestaña]] to confront the leadership and create the [[Syndicalist Party]] in 1931.
Downing dropped out of school when he was fifteen, then was kicked out of his house when he was sixteen and has reportedly not spoken to his parents since. He had little ambition at the time, until he picked up the guitar.


==Playing style and technique==
Members of the FAI were at the forefront of the fight against [[Francisco Franco]]'s forces during the [[Spanish Civil War]].
He was first taught to play by an old instructor by the name of Evan Adam. Evan Adam was the best EVER in history. Influenced by Evan and only, Downing bought his first [[guitar]] at the age of sixteen. AT age seven he had mac n cheese for teh first time. He fell in love with it. By the time he was eight, he was hooked on it like drugs. He got cranky if he didnt have any. He went to rehab for it. According to an interview by Guitar One magazine, Downing found little support from his parents for his career of choice. This did not change even after Judas Priest achieved worldwide commercial success and critical acclaim. To this day Downing's mother insists he should get a "proper job"<ref>[http://members.firstinter.net/markster/PROFILE2.html#K.K.%20DOWNING%20-%20GUITARS: Judas Priest Info Pages - K.K. - Glenn Profile<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>. Together with his schoolmate and fellow band founding member [[Ian Hill]], Downing has been solely dedicated to the band for more than 35 years.


Downing has been noted for his aggressive, bluesy solos and dual leads with fellow Judas Priest guitarist [[Glenn Tipton]].<ref>[http://members.firstinter.net/markster/PROFILE2.html Judas Priest Info Pages - K.K. - Glenn Profile<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> His solos have remained of this style for most of his career, but he has incorporated various techniques into his playing over the years. As opposed to Tipton, his solos tend to incorporate a more raw, rough-edged sound, making use of techniques like [[pinch harmonic]]s, [[dive bomb]]s, and [[tremolo picking]], and often focus on speed and ferocity more than accuracy and melody. In 1978, Tipton began to incorporate [[tapping]] into his playing, which Downing promptly began to use as well. In 1990, both guitarists started to use the complex technique of [[sweep-picking]], which can be notably heard on the [[Painkiller (song)|title track]] of their 1990 album ''[[Painkiller (album)|Painkiller]]''. Both have continuously used these techniques ever since.
Since Franco's death, and Spain's transition to democracy, the FAI has continued to function. Though the organization shares members with the CNT, the FAI's membership is secret.<ref>Roca Martínez, p.116</ref>
==References==
{{Reflist}}


In Judas Priest's early years, Downing made common use of the [[wah-wah pedal]], but began to limit his use of it in the late '70s, and had abandoned use of it by the mid-'80s, save for during live performances of the songs that originally featured it. The only time since then that he has renewed use of it was in 1996, when [[vocalist]] [[Tim "Ripper" Owens]] joined the band, and they began to experiment with their music more than before. One of these experimentations was the renewal of [[wah-wah]] in Downing's playing, which can be heard on their 1997 album ''[[Jugulator]]''. This experimentation was taken further on their next album with Owens, 2001's ''[[Demolition (Judas Priest album)|Demolition]]'', but was once more abandoned when the band's former vocalist, [[Rob Halford]], returned to the band.
==Sources==
*[[Stuart Christie]], ''We, the anarchists! A study of the Iberian Anarchist Federation (FAI) 1927-1937'', ChristieBooks (distributed by Central Books), 128pp, ISBN 1901172066
* {{cite journal
|author=Beltrán Roca Martínez
|year=2006
|title=Anarchism, anthropology and Andalucia: an analysis of the CNT and 'New Capitalism'
|journal=Anarchist Studies
|volume=14
|issue=2
|pages=106–130
|publisher=Lawrence & Wishart
|location=London
|issn = 0967 3393|url=http://www.lwbooks.co.uk/journals/anarchiststudies/articles/Mart%EDnez.pdf
|format=PDF
|accessdate=2007-12-27
}}
===Film===
*''Vivir la Utopia'' ("Living Utopia") by Juan Gamero, [[Arte]]-[[Televisión Española|TVE]], Catalunya 1997.Short description and link to view the film:[http://en.anarchopedia.org/Vivir_la_utopia]


==See also==
==Homes==
Downing owns a home in [[Spain]], but his main abode is Astbury Hall in [[Shropshire]], England (worth $3.64 million). It is in a very secluded area so he can--as stated in a 2007 interview--"blast his Marshalls."
*[[Anarchism in Spain]]

==Recognition and Honors==
*He was ranked 23 on rock magazine Hit Parader's list of 100 greatest metal guitarists.

==Gear==
Downing has many guitars, among them:
* 1964 [[Gibson Flying V]] Limited Edition with Gibson PAF pickups
* 1970 Gibson Flying V with Maestro vibrato bar
* 1969 Fender Stratocaster (White) with left-handed neck
* 1970-71 [[Fender Musical Instruments Corporation|Fender]] Stratocaster (Sunburst)
* Custom [[Hamer Guitars|Hamer]] Vector, Vector KK and KK Mini V guitars
* ESP Custom V guitar and a Dan Johnson custom built V
* K. K.'s new KxK Custom Shop V K. K. Downing Model 2 guitar.

==References==
{{reflist}}


==External links==
==External links==
*[http://www.kkdowning.net Official website]
*[http://recollectionbooks.com/anow/history/spain/ The Spanish Revolution, 1936-39] Anarchy Now! resource page
*[http://libcom.org/tags/fai FAI articles on libcom.org]
*[http://www.judaspriest.com Official Judas Priest website]
*[http://flag.blackened.net/liberty/spain.html ''Spanish Anarchism'']
*[http://www.nodo50.org/tierraylibertad/ ''Tierra y Libertad'']


{{Judas Priest}}
[[Category:Organizations established in 1927]]
[[Category:Anarchist organizations of Spain]]
[[Category:Politics of Portugal]]
[[Category:Politics of Spain]]
[[Category:Spanish Civil War]]
[[Category:Organisations based in Spain]]
[[Category:Syndicalism]]


{{DEFAULTSORT:Downing, K.K.}}
{{anarchism-stub}}
[[Category:1951 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:English heavy metal guitarists]]
[[Category:Judas Priest members]]
[[Category:People from West Bromwich]]
[[Category:Lead guitarists]]


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Revision as of 02:25, 11 October 2008

K. K. Downing

Kenneth "K. K." Downing, Jr. (born 27 October 1951 in Yew Tree Estate, Hill Top in West Bromwich, England) is a guitarist, songwriter and a founding member of the British heavy metal band Judas Priest. He received his stage name when a girl in Denmark could not pronounce his name and called him "K. K." instead.

Childhood

Downing dropped out of school when he was fifteen, then was kicked out of his house when he was sixteen and has reportedly not spoken to his parents since. He had little ambition at the time, until he picked up the guitar.

Playing style and technique

He was first taught to play by an old instructor by the name of Evan Adam. Evan Adam was the best EVER in history. Influenced by Evan and only, Downing bought his first guitar at the age of sixteen. AT age seven he had mac n cheese for teh first time. He fell in love with it. By the time he was eight, he was hooked on it like drugs. He got cranky if he didnt have any. He went to rehab for it. According to an interview by Guitar One magazine, Downing found little support from his parents for his career of choice. This did not change even after Judas Priest achieved worldwide commercial success and critical acclaim. To this day Downing's mother insists he should get a "proper job"[1]. Together with his schoolmate and fellow band founding member Ian Hill, Downing has been solely dedicated to the band for more than 35 years.

Downing has been noted for his aggressive, bluesy solos and dual leads with fellow Judas Priest guitarist Glenn Tipton.[2] His solos have remained of this style for most of his career, but he has incorporated various techniques into his playing over the years. As opposed to Tipton, his solos tend to incorporate a more raw, rough-edged sound, making use of techniques like pinch harmonics, dive bombs, and tremolo picking, and often focus on speed and ferocity more than accuracy and melody. In 1978, Tipton began to incorporate tapping into his playing, which Downing promptly began to use as well. In 1990, both guitarists started to use the complex technique of sweep-picking, which can be notably heard on the title track of their 1990 album Painkiller. Both have continuously used these techniques ever since.

In Judas Priest's early years, Downing made common use of the wah-wah pedal, but began to limit his use of it in the late '70s, and had abandoned use of it by the mid-'80s, save for during live performances of the songs that originally featured it. The only time since then that he has renewed use of it was in 1996, when vocalist Tim "Ripper" Owens joined the band, and they began to experiment with their music more than before. One of these experimentations was the renewal of wah-wah in Downing's playing, which can be heard on their 1997 album Jugulator. This experimentation was taken further on their next album with Owens, 2001's Demolition, but was once more abandoned when the band's former vocalist, Rob Halford, returned to the band.

Homes

Downing owns a home in Spain, but his main abode is Astbury Hall in Shropshire, England (worth $3.64 million). It is in a very secluded area so he can--as stated in a 2007 interview--"blast his Marshalls."

Recognition and Honors

  • He was ranked 23 on rock magazine Hit Parader's list of 100 greatest metal guitarists.

Gear

Downing has many guitars, among them:

  • 1964 Gibson Flying V Limited Edition with Gibson PAF pickups
  • 1970 Gibson Flying V with Maestro vibrato bar
  • 1969 Fender Stratocaster (White) with left-handed neck
  • 1970-71 Fender Stratocaster (Sunburst)
  • Custom Hamer Vector, Vector KK and KK Mini V guitars
  • ESP Custom V guitar and a Dan Johnson custom built V
  • K. K.'s new KxK Custom Shop V K. K. Downing Model 2 guitar.

References

External links