Émile Littré

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Émile Maximilien Paul Littré (born February 1, 1801 in Paris ; † June 2, 1881 ibid) was a French philologist , philosopher and medical historian .

Émile Littré (1801–1881) philologist, philosopher and medical historian.
Émile Littré

Life

Émile Littré had first studied medicine, philology and languages ​​in Paris and only had to finish his doctoral thesis when his father suddenly died, leaving his mother impoverished. He couldn't finish his studies like that.

Between 1863 and 1877 Littré published the four-volume Dictionnaire de la langue française and was accepted into the Académie française in 1871 . To protest against this election, Félix Dupanloup resigned as a member of the Académie française in 1875 and published his book against Freemasonry in the same year: Etude sur la Franc-Maçonnerie . He had previously attacked Littré as a materialist and Darwinist in his Avertissement aux pères de famille .

Émile Littré received holy baptism on his death bed in complete conversion .

In 1860 he was elected a foreign member of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences . Littré was also from 1864 honorary member of the Greek Philological Society in Constantinople .

Freemasonry

1875 asked Littré the Grand Orient of France for admission, where he in the presence of 2,000 Freemasons in the Loge La Clémente Amitié initiated was. When asked if he believed in the existence of God, he replied: “ An ancient sage to whom a king asked the same question thought day after day and never felt able to answer. I ask you not to ask me for either an affirmative or negative. No science denies a ' first cause' , for nowhere does it meet anything that testifies against or proves such a cause. All knowledge is relative, again and again one comes across beings and primordial laws, the deepest basis of which we do not recognize. Whoever declares with determination that he is neither a believer in God nor a denier of God only proves his lack of understanding of the problem of the development and decay of things. "

This recording was extensively recognized in the daily newspaper Temps .

Web links

Commons : Émile Littré  - collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikisource: Émile Littré  - Sources and full texts (French)

Fonts

Translations and revisions
  • Œuvres complètes d ' Hippocrate : Traduction nouvelle avec le texte grec. I-X, Paris 1839-1861; Reprint Amsterdam 1973–1982.
  • Translation of Pliny 's Historia naturalis (1848–1850)
  • Translation of Strauss ' s Das Leben Jesu (1839–1840)
  • Translation of Müller 's Handbuch der Physiologie (1851)
  • New edition of the political writings of Armand Carrel with notes (1854-1858)
Dictionaries and linguistic representations
  • Reprise du Dictionnaire de médecine, de chirurgie, de pharmacie, des sciences accessories et de l'art vétérinaire. with Charles-Philippe Robin , ed. by Pierre-Hubert Nysten (1855)
  • Histoire de la langue française a collection of magazine articles (1862)
  • Dictionnaire de la langue française ("Le Littré") (1863–1873)
  • Comment j'ai fait mon dictionnaire (1880)
philosophy
  • Analysis raisonnée du cours de philosophie positive de MA Comte (1845)
  • Application de la philosophie positive au gouvernement (1849)
  • Conservation, révolution et positivisme (1852, 2nd ed., With supplement, 1879)
  • Paroles de la philosophie positive (1859)
  • Auguste Comte et la philosophie positive (1863)
  • La Science au point de vue philosophique (1873)
  • Fragments de philosophie et de sociologie contemporaine (1876)
Other work
  • Études et glanures (1880)
  • La Verité sur la mort d'Alexandre le grand (1865)
  • Études sur les barbaren et le moyen age (1867)
  • Médecine et médecins (Paris 1872)
  • Littérature et histoire (1875)
  • Discours de reception à l'Académie française (1873)

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Lexicon for Theology and the Church, 1930, VI 605
  2. ^ A b Eugen Lennhoff, Oskar Posner, Dieter A. Binder: Internationales Freemaurerlexikon . 5th edition, Herbig Verlag, pp. 299 and 519-520, ISBN 978-3-7766-2478-6 .
personal data
SURNAME Littré, Émile
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Littré, Émile Maximilien Paul
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French philologist and philosopher
DATE OF BIRTH February 1, 1801
PLACE OF BIRTH Paris
DATE OF DEATH June 2, 1881
Place of death Paris