.30 Carbines
| .30 Carbines | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| general information | |
| caliber | .30 carbine 7.62 × 33 mm |
| Sleeve shape | Rimless with pull-out groove |
| Dimensions | |
| Sleeve shoulder ⌀ | 9.06 mm |
| Sleeve neck ⌀ | 8.53 mm |
| Floor ⌀ | 7.85 mm |
| Cartridge bottom ⌀ | 9.14 mm |
| Sleeve length | 32.7 mm |
| Cartridge length | 42.67 mm |
| Weights | |
| Bullet weight | 7.10 g (110 grain ) |
| Powder weight | 0.94 g |
| total weight | 13.00 g |
| Technical specifications | |
| Speed v 0 | 600-750 m / s |
| Bullet energy E 0 | 1300 y |
| Lists on the subject | |
The .30 Carbine cartridge is a rifle cartridge that was developed for the M1 Carbine . It was ordinance ammunition of the United States Army from 1942 until the Vietnam War .
history
With the development of the M1 Carbine, which was put into service by the US Army in September 1941, the .30 Carbine cartridge was also redeveloped by the Winchester Repeating Arms Company . It originated from the .32 Winchester SL (self loading) cartridge, which was fired in the Winchester Mod. 05 self-loading rifle and not, as is often erroneously claimed, from a .30 revolver cartridge. The aim of the development was to provide ammunition for a light carbine, with which soldiers in rear service or paratroopers in particular should be equipped. In comparison, the existing rifle cartridge in caliber .30-06 Springfield was significantly stronger, but the weapons used were also quite heavy. The available submachine guns in the .45 ACP caliber, on the other hand, had insufficient range and precision. The .30 Carbine therefore offered itself as a compromise solution.
It was intended to be used up to around 300 yards . With the issue of the M1 carbine to tank, artillery or machine-gun crews, who often also operated in the front area, this range also proved to be sufficient in most cases. In this sense, it can be viewed as an early short cartridge. It indicated the replacement of the high-performance rifle cartridges from the era of repeating rifles , which were inherently oversized in rifles. The main criticism of the ammunition, which was used in all arenas during the Second World War and the Korean War in the 1950s, remained its low man-stopping effect, especially in short-range combat. Ultimately, advantages such as the weak recoil and the ability of the M1 to operate did not make up for this, so the weapon and ammunition were retired in the mid-1960s.
Due to its history, the cartridge is not only of historical importance, but is still used today in various competitions with orderly weapons with the .30 M1 Carbine carbine. Corresponding shooting disciplines at 25 m, 50 m and 100 m can be found among others at the shooting sports associations " Bund der Military- und Policeschützen " (BDMP), the " Bund Deutscher Sportschützen " (BDS) and the " Deutsche Schießsport Union " (DSU).
Use of weapons
The ".30 Carbine" cartridge was designed for use in the M1 .30 Carbine series carbines. This also includes the M1A1 and M2 weapons .
After the end of World War II, because of the large quantities of surplus ammunition in circulation , mainly in the USA, experiments were also carried out on the use of ammunition in handguns .
Various revolver models, but also break-barrel and self-loading pistols have been adapted for this (e.g. Ruger Black-Hawk, Thompson-Contender) or even specially designed ( AMT Automag).
Other names
- Cartridge, Ball, .30 Caliber, M1
- .30 US Carbines
- 7.62 x 33 mm
4.6 × 30 mm , 5.7 × 28 mm , .30 M1 Carbine in comparison
v. l. Right: 7.92 × 57 mm , 2 × 8 × 50 mm R Lebel , .30 Carbine in comparison
literature
- Reiner Lidschun, Günter Wollert: Infantry weapons yesterday (1918–1945). Brandenburgisches Verlags-Haus, Berlin 1991, ISBN 3-327-01209-1 , ( Illustrated encyclopedia of infantry weapons from all over the world 1).
- Wolfdieter Hufnagl: US carbine .30 M1. Weapon and accessories. Motorbuchverlag, Stuttgart 1994, ISBN 3-613-01635-4 .