Abdullah Abdullah

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Abdullah Abdullah 2017

Abdullah Abdullah ( Pashtun or Persian عبدالله عبدالله, DMG ʿAbdullāh ʿAbdullāh ; * September 5, 1960 in Kabul ) is an Afghan politician and acting head of government (CEO). From 1999 to 2001 he was Foreign Minister of the internationally recognized Islamic State of Afghanistan (which fought against the Islamic emirate of the Taliban) and from 2001 to 2006 Afghan Foreign Minister in the Karzai government. He was considered a confidante of the murdered Ahmad Shah Massoud . In the 2009 presidential election , Abdullah ran as the most promising opposition candidate, but in view of Karzai's severe electoral manipulation, he decided not to run a runoff against incumbent Hamid Karzai in the first round . The United Nations Electoral Complaints Commission (ECC) found that 1.3 million votes were obtained through fraud in the 2009 elections, of which about 1 million belonged to Karzai. As a result, Abdullah founded the “Coalition for Change and Hope”, which won 90 out of 249 seats in the Afghan parliament in the 2010 parliamentary elections. The Coalition for Change and Hope was enlarged at the end of 2011 and renamed the “National Coalition of Afghanistan”.

biography

Abdullah was born in the capital, Kabul. His father Ghulam Muhayuddin Abdullah was a Pashtun , senator and officer from Kandahar, son of a former tribal leader of the Alokozai from Kandahar , his mother was from Shamali ( Punjjir ) and was a Persian mother tongue. Some accused Abdullah Abdullah in the last presidential election of politicizing his ethnic origin too much to score points with the Pashtun people.

As a young man, Abdullah studied medicine with a specialization in ophthalmology at the University of Kabul , and received his doctorate in 1983. He worked as an ophthalmologist in Kabul until 1985, after which he treated Afghan refugees in refugee camps in Pakistan . There he came into contact with the anti-Soviet resistance. From then on, Abdullah worked as a doctor and health expert in the Punjjir Valley in Afghanistan . There he became a close friend of Ahmad Shah Massouds .

In the 1990s, Abdullah was the official spokesman for the internationally recognized Afghan government that was established in 1992 with the Peshawar Agreement . In 1996 the Taliban took power in Kabul. Abdullah withdrew to the northern regions of Afghanistan with Ahmad Shah Massoud. In 1997 he was appointed Deputy Foreign Minister. Two years later, he became foreign minister of the government that was still internationally recognized as the legitimate government of Afghanistan.

After the 2004 presidential elections, in which Hamid Karzai was elected Afghanistan's first democratically legitimized head of state, Abdullah remained Foreign Minister. However, he fell out with Karzai and lost his post after a cabinet reshuffle in 2006 to the foreign policy advisor Rangin Dadfar Spanta .

Abdullah is fluent in English and French . He is the father of one son and three daughters.

2009 presidential election

In the Afghan presidential election in August 2009, Abdullah competed against Hamid Karzai and was one of the favorites. When the vote was counted, however, accusations from international observers that massive electoral fraud had taken place increased. A complaints commission determined several weeks before it announced in mid-October that hundreds of thousands of votes were invalid. The incumbent Karzai lost an absolute majority and a run-off election between him and Abdullah on November 7, 2009 was agreed.

At the end of October 2009, just under a week before the election, Abdullah threatened to withdraw from the runoff election, according to media reports. This was preceded by failed talks with Karzai. Among other things, Abdullah had called for the chairman of the controversial Electoral Commission (IEC) to be dismissed in order to allow a “free and fair” runoff election. Six days before the scheduled runoff election, he announced his boycott of the vote. The United Nations Electoral Complaints Commission (ECC) found that 1.3 million votes were obtained through fraud in the 2009 elections, of which about 1 million belonged to Karzai. When his supporters tried to take to the streets, Abdullah Abdullah held them back so as not to endanger the fragile stability of Afghanistan.

National coalition of Afghanistan

Abdullah Abdullah with President Ashraf Ghani and John Kerry , July 2014
Ashraf Ghani and Abdullah Abdullah shaking hands in July 2014

After the presidential election in 2009, Abdullah founded the Coalition for Change and Hope, which won 90 out of 249 seats in the Afghan parliament in the 2010 general election. The Coalition for Change and Hope was enlarged at the end of 2011 and renamed the National Coalition of Afghanistan. The National Coalition represents similar political content as the National Front, chaired by Ahmad Zia Massud, and the National Movement of the former Afghan head of the intelligence service, Amrullah Saleh .

He was a candidate for the 2014 presidential election . Ashraf Ghani was declared the winner without disclosing the exact result of the vote count. At the same time, the office of Prime Minister (Chief Executive Officer) should be filled with a confidante of Abdullah to compensate. Abdullah was appointed executive director of the government (head of government) in September 2014.

Web links

Commons : Abdullah Abdullah  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. CEO renews electoral reform vow , pajhwok.com, October 27, 2014
  2. ^ A b Nick Schifrin: Election Monitor Claims 1M Tainted Karzai Votes. ABC News , October 19, 2009, accessed November 21, 2013 .
  3. ^ A b Emma Graham-Harrison: Afghan opposition says new parliament can check Karzai. reuters .com, November 24, 2010, accessed November 21, 2013 (English).
  4. a b c Abdullah Abdullah , Internationales Biographisches Archiv 01/2007 from January 6, 2007, supplemented by news from MA-Journal up to week 34/2009, in the Munzinger archive , accessed on October 31, 2009 ( beginning of article freely available)
  5. Patterns of power ( Memento from July 12, 2008 in the Internet Archive )
  6. ^ Sophie Mühlmann: Abdullah Abdullah - The Afghan Alternative. welt.de , October 31, 2009, accessed November 21, 2013 .
  7. Ben Farmer: Afghan election: Hamid Karzai's rival Abdullah Abdullah crosses ethnic divide. The Telegraph, August 13, 2009, accessed July 13, 2014 .
  8. Abdullah threatens to boycott. sueddeutsche.de , May 17, 2010, accessed on November 21, 2013 .
  9. Abdullah does not run for the runoff election ( Memento from November 4, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) at tagesschau.de, November 1, 2009
  10. Where there is no winner, there is no loser , FAZ, September 21, 2014
  11. ^ Afghani abysses , FAZ, September 29, 2014
  12. ↑ New start despite the deduction , FAZ, 23 March 2015