High school graduation rate

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With the high school graduation rate (in Austria and Switzerland also high school graduation rate ) the proportion of those who are eligible for university entrance in a year of birth is given. The quota of those with university entrance qualifications is somewhat higher, as there is always a small number of those with university entrance qualifications that have not taken an examination for general or technical college entrance qualification (e.g. through an entrance examination at universities). However, this number has grown in recent years.

Germany

Eligibility to study and quota of eligible students

In Germany, around 70 percent of those eligible to study come from general education schools and 30 percent from vocational schools , where both general and technical college entrance qualifications can be acquired. The overwhelming number of graduates with a technical college entrance qualification come from the technical colleges of the vocational schools. Even after one year in the qualification level of the gymnasiale Oberstufe, you can finish with the school-based part of the FH and start the professional part.

The Federal Statistical Office calculates the quota of eligible students based on the calculation of the average number of persons between 18 and 20 years of age (three age groups) registered in Germany for one year ( methodology ).

Quota of university graduates in percent, Germany 2006, alphabetically by federal state
state	BW	BY	BE	BB	HB	HH	HE	MV	NI	NW	RP	SL	SN	ST	SH	TH	Collar Ø
General University Entrance Qualification	33.6	22.1	36.9	32.5	35.4	35.2	30.9	27.6	27.8	32	28.7	26th	30th	25.8	30th	32	29.9
University entrance qualification	12.2	12.4	9	7.4	11.5	11.4	18.1	4.6	13.6	21.4	9.4	22.1	7.1	8.2	10.8	8.4	13.6
Total odds	45.8	34.5	45.9	40	47	46.6	49.1	32.2	41.4	53.4	38	48.1	37.1	34	40.9	40.3	43.4

Quota of university graduates in percent, Germany 2014, sorted according to priority in the AHR
state	HH	BE	HB	HE	NW	BB	BW	TH	SH	MV	SN	RP	NI	SL	ST	BY	Collar Ø
General University Entrance Qualification	55.8	48.2	48.1	47.2	46.0	43.0	42.2	40.7	40.6	39.4	38.1	37.8	37.6	35.8	31.8	31.4	41.0
University entrance qualification	6.8	8.6	8.0	16.6	8.1	8.5	16.0	9.2	5.5	2.3	7.7	8.9	15.5	23.9	6.3	14.7	11.8
Total odds	62.6	56.8	56.1	63.8	54.1	51.5	58.2	49.9	46.1	41.7	45.8	46.7	53.1	59.9	38.1	46.1	52.8

In Germany there were 434,809 new students in 2014, 76.5% of them with a general university entrance qualification and 23.5% with a technical college entrance qualification.

Quota of university graduates in percent, Germany 2016, sorted according to AHR ranking
state	SH	HH	BE	HB	NW	BB	BW	RP	TH	MV	SN	HE	SL	NI	ST	BY	Collar Ø
General University Entrance Qualification	62.7	57.4	51.7	45.5	44.9	44.6	42.7	40.9	39.9	39.9	38.6	37.3	37.1	36.8	33.1	31.1	41.1
University entrance qualification	4.9	8.3	8.0	7.7	7.2	7.7	14.8	8.0	8.9	3.3	7.7	15.0	25.5	15.2	6.0	14.2	11.1
Total odds	67.6	65.7	59.7	53.2	52.1	52.3	57.8	48.9	48.8	43.2	46.3	52.3	62.3	52	39.1	45.3	52.2

In Germany there were 453,622 new university graduates in 2016, of which 353,901 (78%) with a general university entrance qualification and 99,721 (22%) with a technical college entrance qualification.

Quota of university graduates in percent, Germany 2018, sorted according to priority in the AHR
state	HH	BE	BB	NW	BW	SH	MV	RP	HB	TH	SL	HE	SN	NI	ST	BY	Collar Ø
General University Entrance Qualification	54.8	51.0	47.0	44.1	42.4	41.6	40.9	40.0	39.5	37.9	37.7	37.6	37.1	36.2	33.5	32.1	41.1
University entrance qualification	6.4	7.3	7.0	7.0	13.2	8.5	4.0	8.2	6.6	8.0	22.9	13.9	7.0	14.4	6.2	14.1	9.5
Total odds	61.2	58.3	54.0	51.1	55.6	50.1	44.9	48.2	46.1	45.9	60.6	51.5	44.1	50.6	39.7	46.2	50.6

In Germany there were 432,414 new university graduates in 2018, of which 338,700 (78.4%) had a general university entrance qualification and 93,714 (21.6%) had a technical college entrance qualification. The absolute and relative numbers have thus decreased in a trend reversal.

Chronological overview for Germany

Germany
year	Rate of study					Promo TION quote	source
	Entitled			Beginner	Absol- graduates (HS + FH)
	west	east	Ges.
1950	5			5
1960	7th			6th
1970	11			12 (with FH)	8th
1972	15th			18 (with FH)
1980	22nd			19.5	13
1985	27.9			19.3
1990	31.4			30.4	14th
1992	33.1	22.9	31
1995	35.5	37	36.4	26.8
1996	36	36.1	36
1997	36.9	35	36.5		16.4
1998	37.5	34.1	36.7	29.2	16.4
1999	38.7	34	37.5	31.3	16.8
2000	38	34	37.2	33.5	16.9	2.0
2001	38.7	28.1	36.1	36.1	17.0
2002	39.4	34.2	38.2	37.1	17.4
2003			39.2	38.9	18.4
2004			41.5	37.1	19.5
2005			42.5	37	21.1
2006			43.4	35.7	22.2
2007			44.5	37.1	24.1
2008			45.1	40.3	26.2	2.2
2009			46.5	43.0	29.2
2010			49.0	46.0	29.9
2011			57.0	55.6	30.9
2012			59.6	55.9	31.6
2013			57.8	58.5	31.3
2014			52.8	58.3	31.7
2015			53.0	58.2	32.3
2016			52.1	56.7	31.8
2017			51.0	57.0	32.0
2018			50.6	57.3	31.5
2019				56.2

Austria

In Austria, the high school graduation rate was 42.8% in 2016/17. There were 18,900 high school graduates in the general AHS form and 24,500 high school graduates in the general BHS form. The proportion of women is significantly higher than that of men. The rate has also risen sharply in Austria; in 1986/87 it was only 24.9%.

Switzerland

In Switzerland, all students study together for six years. Around 20% of all students do a high school Matura . In addition, there are further university entrance qualifications through vocational and specialist maturities . In total, around 40% achieve a high school diploma, more women than men. The rate is higher in the Latin cantons than in the German-speaking cantons.

In-company vocational training and the state vocational school are closely linked (“dual education system”). In contrast to Germany, Switzerland has a central quality control in vocational training, which is nevertheless strongly oriented towards the needs of the companies.

International

Portions of this article appear since 2008 is out of date to be .
Please help to research and insert the missing information .

Quotas in tertiary education A
country	Quota of eligible students		Study beginners quote
	2001	2007	2001	2007
OECD -Ø	56	61	48	56
Australia	68		65	86
Belgium		61	32	30th
Denmark		55	54	57
Germany		41	32	34
Finland	91	97	72	71
France	52	52	37
Great Britain			46	55
Ireland		91	38	44
Italy	69	77	44	53
Japan	69	70	41	46
Netherlands	62	60	54	60
Austria			34	42
Sweden	71	74	69	73
Switzerland		26th	33	39
Spain	52	45	47	41
United States			42	65

Structure of formal education of the 25- to 64-year-old resident population in selected European countries, in% (according to ISCED level )

country	ISCED 1–3 without assignment	ISCED 3B, 3C  long , 4	ISCED 3A	ISCED 5B	ISCED 5A, 6
	(formally low-skilled )	( Professional qualification )	( general education A. )	( Professional qualification ) (1)	( University graduation )
Belgium	35	10	24	17th	13
Denmark	18th	45	05	08th	20th
Germany	16	56	02	10	15th
France	35	31	10	10	14th
Finland	23	00	43	17th	17th
Ireland	37	10	24	11	17th
Italy	52	09	28	-	11
Luxembourg	37	24	15th	09	13
Netherlands	29	20th	22nd	02	26th
Norway	11	44	12	02	30th
Austria	20th	56	06th	09	09
Poland	50	04th	31	-	16
Portugal	75	01	12	-	13
Switzerland	17th	48	06th	10	18th
Slovakia	16	36	36	01	12
Spain	55	06th	12	07th	19th
Sweden	17th	00	48	15th	19th
Czech Republic	11	43	33	-	12
United Kgr.	35	21st	15th	09	20th

Source: OECD, as of 2004.

⁽¹⁾ tertiary, non-university education

Such ISCED assessments of vocational qualifications do not include persons who receive further training within the profession ( on-the-job training ) ; they only represent the role of the school system in educational qualifications.

literature

• Oskar Anweiler u. a .: Education policy in Germany 1945–1990 , a historical-comparative source volume, Federal Center for Political Education, Bonn 1992 google-books-online preview
• Kai S. Cortina, Jürgen Baumert , Achim Leschinsky , Karl Ulrich Mayer: The education system in the Federal Republic of Germany. Structures and developments at a glance . Rowohlt Taschenbücher, Reinbek 2003; completely revised new edition, Reinbek 2008 ISBN 978-3-499-62339-4 google-books
• Rainer Geißler : The social structure of Germany, the social development before and after unification , Westdeutscher Verlag, 3rd edition, Wiesbaden 2002 (on education pp. 333–371); 4th, revised. and actual Edition, Wiesbaden 2006 (on education pp. 273-300) ISBN 3-531-42923-X google books (2014 edition)

Web links

• Education report 2008 (PDF; 4.98 MB): High school graduation rate for 2006 on p. 326 (Tab.H4-1A).
• Education Report 2010 (PDF; 5 MB): Quota of university entrance qualifications for 2008 on p. 288.
• Education report 2016 (PDF; 7 MB): Quota of university entrance qualifications for 2014 on p. 126 and 296 (Tab. F2-1A).
• OECD Education Reports 2000-2019
• Education expenditure 2009:% of GDP
• OECD study: Germany falls behind in academic training. In: Der Spiegel . 2008, accessed June 27, 2020 . 

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Quota for university entrance qualifications, new students and graduates. Retrieved June 27, 2020 . 
2. ↑ ^{a b} Statistical publications of the Standing Conference No. 173 and the Federal Statistical Office
3. ↑ ^{a b} Federal Statistical Office: Schools at a Glance, Wiesbaden 2016, p. 32 (Hessen with two Abitur classes)
4. ↑ double year
5. ↑ Education Report 2016, p. 296. (PDF) DIPF, accessed on August 27, 2017 . 
6. ↑ Schools at a Glance, 2018 edition, p. 32f. (PDF) Federal Statistical Office, accessed on July 7, 2018 . 
7. ↑ double year
8. ↑ Education and qualifications as the basis of Germany's technological performance 2018 (short study), p. 8
9. ↑ Proportion of school leavers with a general higher education entrance qualification in Germany, by federal state, 2018. Accessed on June 27, 2020 . 
10. ↑ Quota of university graduates: Germany in figures. Retrieved June 27, 2020 . 
11. ↑ https://www.destatis.de/DE/Themen/Gesellschaft-Umwelt/Bildung-Forschung-Kultur/Schulen/Publikationen/Downloads-Schulen/schnellmeldung-studienrechte-pdf-5211001.pdf?__blob=publicationFile
12. ↑ The trend towards high school and university education is ebbing. Retrieved June 29, 2020 . 
13. ↑ 1950-1990, official statistics gesis
14. ↑ 2003 . In: Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Fachserie / 11/4/2 . 2004 ( statistikebibliothek.de [accessed on June 27, 2020]).
15. ↑ University statistics 1980-2018. Federal Statistical Office, accessed on June 27, 2020 . 
16. ↑ Team data portal of the BMBF: Table 2.5.85 - BMBF data portal. Retrieved June 29, 2020 . 
17. ↑ Rate of new students in Germany until 2019. Accessed on June 29, 2020 . 
18. ^ Education in Numbers, pp. 40–43
19. ↑ Federal Statistical Office: Secondary level II: Matura rate. Retrieved July 15, 2020 . 
20. ↑ Martin Beglinger: Low graduation rate - so what? In: The time . December 8, 2008, accessed on July 19, 2020 (free registration required). 
21. ↑ Graduation and new student rates in the tertiary sector. In: OECD Factbook 2010: Economic, Environmental and Social Statistics. OECD Publishing, Parisonline, accessed on July 19, 2020 (available there as PDF). 
22. ↑ quoted from Arthur Schneeberger: Qualification development and research for vocational training - EQF as a transparency instrument and experience of comparative statistical educational research . Ed .: ibw - Austrian Institute for Economic Research in Education (=  Vocational and Economic Education - online . No. 11 ). November 2006, ISSN  1618-8543 , Table 1 ( online [accessed March 8, 2012]).