Section fortification Andechs

Section fortification Andechs
Creation time :	Early middle ages
Castle type :	Höhenburg, spur location
Conservation status:	Burgstall
Place:	Andechs -Erling- "Klosterleite"
Geographical location	47 ° 58 '44.4 "  N , 11 ° 10' 37.2"  E Coordinates: 47 ° 58 '44.4 "  N , 11 ° 10' 37.2"  E
Height:	630  m above sea level NN

The Andechs section fortification ( Erling-Andechs district ) is located about 900 meters northwest of the Andechs monastery on a ridge above the Ammersee in the Starnberg district in Upper Bavaria . The extensive ground monument is likely to go back to an early medieval protective castle from the time of the Hungarian invasions .

description

The approximately 250 by 400 meter large Burgplatz uses the plateau of a ridge between the Ammersee and the deeply cut Kiental in the east. The northern spur of the ridge was secured by a 250-meter-long transverse wall with a trench . However, this ditch was completely leveled in the course of agricultural and forestry measures. The wall rising behind it is only up to four meters high and is broken by a few paths. The inner wall height is about two meters.

On the slopes, the castle plateau, which slopes down to the north, is surrounded by mighty ramparts, which, however, are mostly of natural origin. The entire ridge offers the image of a flat glacial trough valley .

Time and purpose

In the literature, the weir system is interpreted as a temporary Hungarian refuge . The size of the complex and the typological features make this interpretation probable. Such ramparts , however, often emerged from the expansion of much older castle complexes or settlement areas. Binding information on the exact time of the preserved earthworks is therefore reserved for a future expert archaeological investigation of the ground monument. A fibula from the Roman Empire was found in the castle area . However, this isolated find does not necessarily indicate a Roman settlement on the plateau.

Due to the agricultural and forestry use of the ridge, the ramparts are in a relatively poor condition. It is possible that riders' approach obstacles such as earth bolts or pits were in front of this rampart. Such systems have been preserved in some comparable castles in the area of ​​the Augsburg diocese ( Haldenburg , Buschelberg ). The Magyar cavalry warriors were to be forced to dismount and unaccustomed to foot combat.

The Wallburg (Andechs I) is the oldest of the three castle complexes in the municipality. To the north-east of the alleged Hungarian defense castle lies an unusual high medieval section castle ( Andechs II ) on a narrow spur of the terrain beyond the Kiental . Today's monastery with its famous beer garden marks the location of the great Count's castle (Andechs III) of the Andechs-Meranians .

The Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation lists the ground monument as a medieval section fortification under the monument number D-1-8033-0022.

literature

Hans H. Schmidt: "Sunken castles" in the five-lake region between Ammersee and Isar - historical-archaeological interpretations . Gauting, Working Group for Local History Research in the Würm Region, 2002.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation: Entry ( Memento from February 25, 2016 in the Internet Archive )