Hakor

Name of Hakor
Horus name	Aa-ib-meri-taui ˁ3-jb-mrj-t3wj With great understanding that the two countries love
Sideline	Qenu Qnw The Brave
Gold name	Sehetep-netjeru Sḥtp-nṯrw Who pleases the gods
Throne name	Chenem-maat-Re ẖnm-m3ˁ.t-Rˁ Who exercises the truth of Re / Who embraces the Maat of Re / Who is united with the Maat of Re
Proper name	(Heker, Hakor) Hkr The Bedouin / The nomad
Greek for  Manetho	Hakor
Sphinx with the hieroglyphs from Hakor

Hakor , also Hakoris , Akoris , Achoris was the third ancient Egyptian pharaoh (king) of the 29th Dynasty . He ruled from 391 to 379 BC. And was the most important ruler of the 29th Dynasty. During his reign, Egypt played a special political role in the Eastern Mediterranean. Since his third year in reign he had the epithet “repeater of the apparition” ( wehem-cha ), which referred to his two-time coronation .

origin

Hakor was probably a son or at least a relative of Nepherites I , after whose death he was in 392 BC. BC ascended the throne and was recognized in Memphis in April of the same year . According to H. de Meulenaere, on the other hand, he was a usurper between Nepherites I and Nectanebos I. But he was recognized by Setechirdis, the ruler of the Siwa oasis , who himself bore the title "King of Upper and Lower Egypt".

Domination

Hakor strove for the independence of Egypt and pursued an anti-Persian policy. He hired a mercenary to heer that of the Athenians Chabrias was out (be marked for the first Egyptian coins) and allowed to build a navy. He made treaties with Euagoras I of Salamis - the exiled ruler of Cyprus - who made treaties with the Greek cities of Asia Minor and the Barcae and had good relations with the Pisides . As early as 389 BC An alliance with Athens was made.

386 BC A setback occurred when Euagoras was able to win back Cyprus and at the end of the Corinthian War concluded a royal peace between Greeks and Persians. Persia was able to isolate Hakor and Euagoras, but the attempt to recapture Egypt by the Persians failed. Maybe Hakor could even advance into Asia. Euagoras conquered Tire , Sidon, and perhaps Dor and gained a foothold in Cilicia . A turning point occurred in 381 BC. By the Persian advance against Euagoras; shortly before the fall of Cyprus in 380 BC Hakor died. He left a son, Nepherites II, who is not documented by monuments.

See also

• List of Pharaohs (Demotic Chronicle)

literature

• Leo Depuydt : Saite and Persian Egypt, 664 BC-332 BC (Dyns. 26-31, Psammetichus I to Alexander's Conquest of Egypt). In: Erik Hornung, Rolf Krauss, David A. Warburton (eds.): Ancient Egyptian Chronology (= Handbook of Oriental studies. Section One. The Near and Middle East. Volume 83). Brill, Leiden / Boston 2006, ISBN 978-90-04-11385-5 , pp. 265-283 ( online ).
• Walther Judeich : Akoris 2 . In: Paulys Realencyclopadie der classischen Antiquity Science (RE). Volume I, 1, Stuttgart 1893, column 1186.
• Susanne Martinssen-von Falck: The great pharaohs. From the New Kingdom to the Late Period. Marix, Wiesbaden 2018, ISBN 978-3-7374-1057-1 , pp. 232-235.
• Thomas Schneider : Lexicon of the Pharaohs. Albatros, Düsseldorf 2002, ISBN 3-491-96053-3 , pp. 43-44.

Web links

Commons : Hakor  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

1. ↑ In one document, however, the epithet is mentioned for the second year of government.

predecessor	Office	successor
Psammuthis	Pharaoh of Egypt 391–379 BC Chr.	Nepherites II.