Acis (genus)

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Acis
Acis ionica

Acis ionica

Systematics
Monocots
Order : Asparagales (Asparagales)
Family : Amaryllis family (Amaryllidaceae)
Subfamily : Amaryllidoideae
Tribe : Galanthae
Genre : Acis
Scientific name
Acis
Salisb.

The genus Acis belongs to the family of the Amaryllis (Amaryllidaceae). It counts nine species, all of which are perennial geophytes that form onions . The species were split off from the genus of knot flowers ( Leucojum ).

description

These are perennial, herbaceous bulbous plants 10–15 cm in height. There are both autumn and spring flowering species. The flowers are structured similarly to those of the snowdrops ( Galanthus ) and consist of 6 tepals , which are mostly white, often with a reddish tinge. They are in a panicle with 3–10 flowers. The foliage is grass-like and up to 18 cm long and semi-upright. It sprouts with or before flowering. The onion is also similar to a snowdrop, but relatively large compared to the ankle-high plant. The capsule fruits contain many, small seeds that are spread by the wind or by ants that eat the oil body (elaiosome).

Acis nicaeensis
Acis trichophylla

Systematics and distribution

Systematics

The genus contains nine species that occur predominantly in southwest Europe and North Africa. In the past, they were placed with the knot flowers ( Leucojum ), which now only consist of two species, the summer knot flower ( Leucojum aestivum ) and the spring knot flower ( Leucojum vernum ), which they look very similar on the outside.

These are:

  • Autumn knot flower ( Acis autumnalis (L.) Sweet ): It occurs in the western and western-central Mediterranean region. With the varieties:
    • Acis autumnalis var. Autumnalis
    • Acis autumnalis var. Oporantha (Jord. & Fourr.) Lledó, APDavis & MBCrespo (synonym: Acis oporantha Jord. & Fourr. )
    • Acis autumnalis var. Pulchella (Jord. & Fourr.) Lledó, APDavis & MBCrespo
  • Acis fabrei (Quézel & Girerd) Lledó, APDavis & MBCrespo : It occurs in France.
  • Acis ionica Bareka, Kamari & Phitos : It occurs from southwestern Albania to western Greece.
  • Acis longifolia J. Gay ex M. Roem. : It occurs in Corsica.
  • Acis nicaeensis (Ardoino) Lledó, APDavis & MBCrespo : It occurs in south-eastern France.
  • Pink knot flower ( Acis rosea (F.Martin bis) Sweet ): It occurs in Sardinia and Corsica.
  • Acis tingitana (Baker) Lledó, APDavis & MBCrespo : It occurs in northern Morocco.
  • Acis trichophylla Sweet ex G.Don in JCLoudon : It occurs in Morocco, in southern and central Portugal and in southwest and south-central Spain. With the varieties:
    • Acis trichophylla var. Trichophylla
    • Acis trichophylla var. Broteroi (Maire & Weiller) Lledó, APDavis & MBCrespo
    • Acis trichophylla var. Micrantha (Gattef. & Maire) Lledó, APDavis & MBCrespo
  • Acis valentina (Pau) Lledó, APDavis & MBCrespo : It occurs in eastern Spain.

Distribution and location

The species are found exclusively in the Mediterranean, z. B. in southern France , Spain and Morocco but also in Greece , preferably on dry, barren steep slopes on rocky ground. The furthest to the north is Acis fabrei ( Vaucluse , France).

use

The autumn knot flower ( Acis autumnalis ) and the species Acis valentina , Acis nicaeensis and Acis ionica are sometimes used as ornamental plants , but are - due to the sometimes difficult culture - reserved for connoisseurs. The other species of the genus are very rarely represented in collections.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Acis Salisb. Retrieved March 8, 2020 .
  2. ↑ Leucojum and Acis. Retrieved September 16, 2018 .
  3. ↑ Acis autumnalis, syn. Leucojum autumnale, Herbstknotenblume - Plant Lexicon & Profiles - GREEN24 Help care pictures. Retrieved September 16, 2018 .
  4. ↑ a b c d e f g h i Rafaël Govaerts (ed.): Acis. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved March 21, 2020.
  5. ↑ Flora Ionica - Acis ionica. Retrieved September 16, 2018 .
  6. ^ Pacific Bulb Society | Acis fabrei. Retrieved October 18, 2018 .
  7. ↑ Acis ionica - Rare Plants. Retrieved September 16, 2018 (UK English).

Web links

Commons : Acis  - collection of images, videos and audio files