Adele Hartmann

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Adele Caroline Auguste Hartmann (born January 9, 1881 in Neu-Ulm , † December 15, 1937 in Munich ) was a German doctor and the first woman to qualify as a professor in the German Reich .

Life

The daughter of an officer's family started school in Munich in 1887 and attended elementary school in Speyer from 1888 to 1892 and a private school in Berlin in 1892/1893 . After the family moved to Munich, she completed her schooling at the Max-Joseph-Stift there in 1898 with a French teacher qualification. She then worked as a teacher in Great Britain for two years . After her return to Bavaria , she obtained a teaching degree for English in Speyer in 1900. Since her father resisted her wish to take the Abitur , she had to wait until she came of age in 1903 before she could continue her education accordingly. She successfully passed the Abitur examination in 1906 at the Ludwigsgymnasium in Munich.

She then enrolled at the Ludwig Maximilians University in medicine , where she passed the medical state examination on December 19, 1911. After the practical year she received her license to practice medicine on December 20, 1912 . At the end of her studies she received the grade “very good”.

Due to her commitment, which she highlighted from the crowd of students in addition to the fact that only a few women were studying at the time, she received a position as assistant on May 1, 1909 at the Anatomical Institute for Histology and Embryology at the LMU. From June 1, 1913, the assistant assistant position was converted into an assistant position. Also in 1913 Hartmann submitted her dissertation “On the development of connective tissue bones”, for which she received the grade summa cum laude . From 1915 she worked on her habilitation thesis "The emergence of the first vascular pathways in embryos of urodeler amphibians up to regression of the yolk circulation". She wrote this before the Weimar Constitution was changed to allow women to do their habilitation. During the First World War , Hartmann had to take on additional tasks from colleagues who had been absent due to the war. In 1917 she was awarded the King Ludwig Cross for her work.

Her habilitation thesis was accepted by the medical faculty of the LMU in 1918 - it was the first time that a woman in the German Reich was certified to teach at universities. Against the political appropriation - her habilitation had been interpreted by Vorwärts as a result of the revolution - she defended herself. On December 20, 1918, she gave her inaugural lecture and from 1919 she worked as a private lecturer at the LMU.

In 1927 she contracted breast cancer and had to interrupt her teaching. In 1932 she became a conservator at the anatomical institute in Munich. After spending a long vacation abroad in 1935, Adele Hartmann died on December 15, 1937 in Munich.

Hartmann researched, among other things, in the area of kidney development and the effects of X-rays and cathode radiation. The city of Munich paid tribute to it by naming Adele-Hartmann-Strasse in 2002.

literature

  • Frank Raberg : Biographical Lexicon for Ulm and Neu-Ulm 1802-2009 . Süddeutsche Verlagsgesellschaft im Jan Thorbecke Verlag, Ostfildern 2010, ISBN 978-3-7995-8040-3 , p. 145 f .

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Christiane Wilke: Adele Hartmann - the first female professor . In: Research, teaching, protest: 100 years of academic education for women in Bavaria . Utz, Munich 2003, ISBN 3-8316-0273-5 , p. 33 .
  2. ↑ Hartmann, Adele. on: Personenlexikon.net
  3. ↑ WE Eckart, C. Gradmann: Doctors Lexicon. 3. Edition. Springer Verlag, 2006, ISBN 3-540-29584-4 .
personal data
SURNAME Hartmann, Adele
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Hartmann, Adele Caroline Auguste (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German doctor and the first woman to qualify as a professor in the German Reich
DATE OF BIRTH January 9, 1881
PLACE OF BIRTH New Ulm
DATE OF DEATH December 15, 1937
Place of death Munich