Adele Judah

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Adele Juda (born March 9, 1888 in Munich , † October 31, 1949 in Innsbruck ) was an Austrian psychiatrist and neurologist .

Life

Adele Juda was the daughter of the Prague graphic artist and print shop director Karl Juda (1858–1935) and his wife Maria, née Widmann (1866–1925). With her younger sister Franziska, she grew up in Munich, Prague and Innsbruck due to her frequent job-related changes. She graduated from elementary and middle school in Prague. After the First World War , she gave up her career goal as a concert pianist for psychosomatic reasons, in this context she was examined several times in the Munich Psychiatric University Clinic from 1917 to 1919 and diagnosed with an expectation neurosis. Through her friendship with the doctor Edith Senger, first wife of the psychiatrist Ernst Rüdin , she met the professor and began to be interested in medicine.

Starting in 1922, she completed a medical degree at the University of Munich and was awarded a doctorate there in 1929 with an empirical study on schizophrenia. med. PhD . As a student of Rüdin, she found a job at the genealogical-demographic department at the German Research Institute for Psychiatry , which was an institute of the Kaiser Wilhelm Society . Together with the psychiatrist Hans Luxenburger she moved to Rüdin in Basel , where he worked as director of the Friedmatt sanatorium and at the psychiatric university clinic there. Both assistants returned to Munich with Rüdin in 1928, where he again took over the management of the genealogical-demographic department at the German Research Institute for Psychiatry.

She worked there with a focus on genetic research and twin research as well as genetic prognostics for demented schizophrenia. Inspired by Rüdin, she carried out a large-scale study from 1928 to 1944 on the highest level of talent in connection with mental disorders, which extended to “almost all of the important poets, painters, sculptors and researchers of the German-speaking world of the last centuries and all of their ancestors and descendants”.

At the time of National Socialism she was forbidden to speak. The Nazi lecturers, although they themselves belonged to the Nazi Lecturer Association , expressed concerns about Judah: “It is impossible for a lecturer with such a name to appear. The political reliability [is] extremely questionable ”. Although her surname suggests a Jewish origin, she could prove Catholic ancestors until the 16th century.

After the end of the Second World War , she worked as an assistant at the Psychiatric-Neurological University Clinic Innsbruck, where she established a children's observation room. Among other things, she co-founded the “Central Office for Family Biology and Social Psychiatry” in Innsbruck with Friedrich Stumpfl in 1947 and took over the medical management there. She was involved in child welfare and practiced as a neurologist in Innsbruck. In 1953, her study on giftedness was published posthumously .

Fonts (selection)

  • On the problem of empirical genetic prognosis determination: About the disease prospects of the grandchildren of schizophrenics , Springer, Berlin 1928. In: Zeitschrift fd ges. Neurol. u. Psychiatry. Vol. 113 (also Munich, Med.Diss., 1929)
  • Highly gifted: their inheritance and their relationships to psychological anomalies , Urban & Schwarzenberg, Berlin / Munich 1953, publisher: Bruno Schulz

literature

  • Ute Wiedemann: The Adele Judas study of the most gifted as an example for researching the “genius problem”. Munich 2005 (dissertation), digitized version (PDF; 4.2 MB).
  • Judah Adele. In: Austrian Biographical Lexicon 1815–1950 (ÖBL). Volume 3, Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Vienna 1965, p. 141.
  • Judah, Adele . In: Brigitta Keintzel, Ilse Korotin (ed.): Scientists in and from Austria. Life - work - work. Böhlau, Vienna / Cologne / Weimar 2002, ISBN 3-205-99467-1 , p. 336f.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Brigitta Keintzel, Ilse Korotin (ed.): Scientists in and from Austria. Life - work - work. Böhlau, Vienna / Cologne / Weimar 2002, ISBN 3-205-99467-1 , p. 336f.
  2. ↑ Judah, Adele . In: Austrian Biographical Lexicon 1815–1950 (ÖBL). Volume 3. Verlag of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna 1965, p. 141
  3. ↑ a b Report of the Medical-Historical Expert Commission: The Innsbruck Child Observation Station by Maria Nowak-Vogl , Innsbruck 2013
  4. ^ Journal of Population Science , Volume 32, 2007, p. 270
  5. ^ Ernst Klee: Das Personenlexikon zum Third Reich , Frankfurt am Main 2007, p. 290
personal data
SURNAME Judah, Adele
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian psychiatrist and neurologist
DATE OF BIRTH March 9, 1888
PLACE OF BIRTH Munich
DATE OF DEATH October 31, 1949
Place of death innsbruck